关于建国以来群众运动不断生成的另一种解读

群众运动是1949—1978年中华人民共和国历史上一个非常重要而独特的政治现象。然而一直以来,学术界大多强调群众运动是高度集中的政治经济体制和毛泽东个人因素的结果。文章从政治社会学的角度对群众运动进行解读,认为建国以来群众运动的不断生成,既具有一种路径依赖的性质,也是危机状态下的功能需求和基于体制内资源匮乏的一种无奈选择。     

如何处理物自体:塞拉斯和梅亚苏

物自体是康德先验哲学给我们留下的巨大谜题。本文将考察美国哲学家塞拉斯和法国哲学家梅亚苏这两位当代实在论者处理物自体的两种方式。塞拉斯的科学实在论和梅亚苏的思辨唯物论不仅为我们呈现了在后批判哲学视域下探讨物自体的不同路径("我们的"物自体和"非人的"物自体),还为我们把握他们各自的理论体系提供了基本的抓手。在充分考察这两个方案的基础上,本文还将初步探讨整合这两个方案的可能性,探讨一种能够同时容纳"科学之思"和"非人之思"的更宽泛的"思"。     

明末传教士与西方演绎逻辑的传入

明末西方传教士出于抬高西方宗教、传播宗教福音的政治考量,翻译出版了大量的西方科学著作.西方演绎逻辑思想正是在这样的背景下,得以在明末被翻译介绍到国内.这其中,尤以利玛窦推动译介的<几何原本>及傅汎际推动译介的<名理探>最为知名.这其中,自然也毫无例外地带有浓厚的为宗教传道先行的色彩.但也在客观上帮助了中国人了解西方演绎逻辑的思想,带动了其后国内学界对挖掘本土以名辩学为基础的中国逻辑史研究的热潮.     

A COMPARISON OF MALE AND FEMALE DIRECTORS IN POPULAR PORNOGRAPHY: WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WOMEN ARE AT THE HELM?

Pornography is a lucrative business. Increasingly, women have participated in both its production, direction, and consumption. This study investigated how the content in popular pornographic videos created by female directors differs from that of their male counterparts. We conducted a quantitative analysis of 122 randomly selected scenes from 44 top-renting adult videos in 2005 (half male- and half female-directed). Findings revealed that all films shared similar depictions: Verbal and physical aggression was common, women were the primary targets of aggression, and negative responses to aggression were extremely rare. Compared to male-directed films, female-directed films were significantly more likely to portray women-only scenes and sexual acts. Even when controlling for main characters' gender, female-directed films showed significantly more female perpetrators aggressing against female targets and significantly more depictions of women as perpetrators of aggression. We highlight the importance of economic forces, rather than director gender, in dictating the content of popular pornography.