Pathogens promote matrilocal family ties and the copying of foreign religions

Within the same pathogen-stress framework as proposed by Fincher & Thornhill (F&T), we argue further that pathogen stress promotes matrilocal rather than patrilocal family ties which, in turn, slow down the process of modernity; and that pathogen stress promotes social learning or copying, including the adoption of foreign religions.     

决策者角色及相关变量对风险偏好的影响

采用IAT技术测查被试的内隐自尊, 并引入收益和损失两种任务框架, 综合探讨了内隐自尊水平、任务得失框架对自我决策和为他人决策时风险偏好的影响。结果发现：(1)在收益框架下, 被试为他人决策时更冒险, 而在损失框架下, 为自我和他人决策的风险偏好无显著差异; (2)与为自我决策相比, 低内隐自尊者为他人决策时更冒险, 而高内隐自尊者为自我和他人决策的风险偏好无显著差异; (3)内隐自尊水平与任务框架的交互作用及内隐自尊水平、任务框架和决策者角色之间的三级交互作用均不显著。依据相关的理论和发现对这种结果进行了分析和讨论。     

公立医院补偿机制改革之政府补偿方式探讨

从公立医疗服务准公共产品特性和医疗服务的性质两个方面,强调了政府对公立医院补偿的必要性和合理性,并指出了政府补偿中存在财政补偿不足、缺乏补偿标准、监管不力等问题.同时,针对政府补偿现状提出了加大政府对公立医院的投入;设计科学合理的公立医院财政补偿制度;加强对公立医院财政投入资金的监管等政策建议.     

Automatic attention towards face or body as a function of mating motivation

Because women?s faces and bodies carry different cues of reproductive value, men may attend to different perceptual cues as functions of their long-term versus short-term mating motivations. We tested this hypothesis in three experiments on 135 male and 132 female participants. When influenced by short-term rather than long-term mating motivations, men?s attention was captured by (Study 1), was shifted to (Study 2), and was distracted by (Study 3) the waist/hip area rather than the face on photographs of attractive women. Similar effects were not found among the female participants in response to photographs of attractive men. These results support the evolutionary view that, similar to the attentional selectivity found in other domains of life, male perceptual attention has evolved to selectively capture and hold reproductive information about the opposite sex as a function of short-term versus long-term mating goals.     

Different spatial terms in navigation system for Chinese drivers

There has been some research on the comparison of spatial frame of reference system (FoRs) preferences between different areas in China. The goal of this research was to find out whether different habits could affect the performance in driving with the navigation system, with a dual-task experimental paradigm applied. Forty participants from South and North China (10 male and 10 female in each area group) were required to finish spatial term judgment task while playing simulated driving game. The results showed that Southern participants responded more quickly to relative FoRs terms than absolute terms during driving, but there was no significant difference between these two kinds of terms for Northerners--similarly to their habits. All participants' driving actions were disturbed by the spatial term judgment. Unexpectedly, the male participants drove better when responding to relative terms than absolute terms, while female performed conversely. These findings would be useful in navigation systems design for Chinese.     

大学生物质主义与儒家传统价值观的冲突研究

以价值观冲突理论为依据,探讨中国社会转型时期物质主义与儒家传统价值观的并存给当代大学生带来的心理冲突。采用测谎仪记录被试回答价值观选择两难情境问题时的皮电值,结果发现：对于高儒家传统价值观的大学生而言,物质主义水平的上升会引起其皮电值的显著增加,而对于低儒家传统价值观的大学生则没有这种效应。表明同时拥有高水平的物质主义和儒家传统价值观的大学生会体验到大量的心理冲突。     

剖宫产率上升的原因及对策

近年来,剖宫产率日益上升,严重影响母婴利益,作为教学医院,也影响产科的临床教学质量。为提高产科质量,确保母婴安全,我们通过回顾性分析发现,胎儿窘迫,胎位异常,巨大儿,社会因素是剖宫产率上升的主要原因。相应对策可以通过加强孕产期宣教,实行镇痛分娩,建立待产、分娩、恢复及产后为一体(labor-delivery-recovery,LDR)分娩模式,提高医护人员助产技术水平,健全法制建设等措施,旨在降低剖宫产率。     

建立新道家的努力--对道家研究现状的一种理解

中国思想在汉代形成了儒道互补的基本格局,到佛教传入成势,又演变成为三教鼎立。这样的思想格局逐渐养成了中国人理解学术的一种基本眼光:任何学术立场的继承或者排斥,思想者的心目中都暗存了一个三教分立的背景。进入近现代,中国思想面临着来自西方世界的新挑战。这是一个巨大的挑战,西方观念的冲击几乎使中国传统学术的整体构架完全坍塌。这种严峻的现实赋予中国当代学人一个无可回避的使命:如何存亡继绝,接续已经绵延了数千年的中华文化之慧命。新儒家首先起来回应西方思想尤其是自康德以来的近代思想,建立起一套立足于儒家的现代学术理…     

《青少年心理健康素质调查表》动力系统分量表的编制

本文旨在介绍青少年心理健康素质动力系统量表的编制及其标准化过程。量表编制的重要理论基础为马斯洛的五级动机理论和弗兰克尔的自我超越动机理论。研究的测量工具有:自尊量表,自我超越生命意义量表,指向自我生命意义量表和对意义的追寻量表。被试为北京市某中学的334名初中高中学生。结果显示:青少年心理健康素质动力系统量表的内部一致性Cronbach′sα=0.90,效标效度较理想。研究结论:该量表可以作为测量青少年心理健康素质动力系统的一个较为可靠的工具。     

人情的心理学探析

人情是一个"通俗化了的流行观念"。在中国,有关人情的研究主要集中在两个方面,一是关于人情涵义的探讨,二是有关人情法则的界定。本文采用文献综述的方法阐述了"人情"内涵的衍变,并指出了它对当代中国人际关系的重大意义。