国家意识形态与民族主体价值相辅相成——全球化时代马克思主义与儒学关系的再思考

一个半世纪以来,儒学面临着西方文化的挑战,面临着现代化和全球化的冲击。在这种形势下,建构新的儒学体系,实现儒学的当代转型,便成为关系到儒学生死存亡的时代课题。为此,国际儒学联合会于2006年10月15日在北京召开了主题为“经典、道统与儒学的当代转型”的座谈会,20余位专家学者出席会议并做了发言。在研讨会基础上,为了深入儒学转型研究,我们特组织了“当代儒学转型”专题讨论,以期引起学界关注并展开进一步讨论。     

拖延行为个体对人格特征词、拖延词的注意偏向

本文研究拖延行为与大五人格因素相关关系及其对不同人格评价词、拖延词的注意偏向.研究1对352名大学生的拖延行为与大五人格特征进行问卷测量;研究2和3采用情绪Stroop范式对高低拖延行为个体对人格特征词、拖延词的注意偏向进行实验研究.结果发现(1)拖延程度与神经质、开放性呈显著正相关;与其他三种人格特质呈显著负相关.(2)拖延行为高低分组在神经质、严谨性词和拖延词上的Stroop效应差异显著.高拖延行为个体对神经质评价词和拖延词存在注意偏向;低拖延行为个体对严谨性评价词存在注意偏向.     

试析儒家的个人品德养成论

个人品德建设是当前社会主义道德建设的重要内容之一.本文系统梳理了儒家的个人品德养成论思想,分析了有关个人品德构成中的知情意行,梳理了环境、教育对于个人品德形成的影响,并进一步论述了修养对于个人品德形成的重要性及其方法.     

大学生自我复杂性与主观幸福感的关系

对188名大学生采用生活满意度量表和情感量表测量主观幸福感,运用与Linville相近的方式测量自我复杂性,并探讨两者的关系。研究发现:(1)积极自我复杂性与消极自我复杂性相互独立。(2)积极自我复杂性和消极自我复杂性与主观幸福感有着不同的关系。(3)自我复杂性测量时积极词汇与消极词汇的比例以及幸福感测量工具的不同都可能使两者关系出现不同结果。     

儿童假装游戏中假想角色现象初探

通过对145名4~5岁儿童进行结构式访谈,调查幼儿假装游戏中假想角色现象的概况,包括假想同伴和角色扮演现象。结果如下:42.7%的儿童有假想同伴,绝大多数是玩具形式,女孩更多有假想同伴;男孩倾向于选择动物类型的假想同伴,而女孩倾向于人物类型;假想同伴绝大多为同性别并且比自己年龄小。44.8%的儿童有角色扮演活动,其中男孩倾向于装扮动画中的英雄人物,女孩倾向于装扮现实人物。     

大学生优秀辩手与非辩手的非形式推理能力比较

为考察大学生优秀辩手与非辩手非形式推理能力的差异,运用"提示访谈法"对大学生中的优秀辩手与非辩手的普通大学生进行了比较研究。结果表明:大多数优秀辩手达到间接反驳推理水平,而多数非辩手处在直接反驳推理水平。优秀辩手不论在功能性和条件性理由的数量上,还是在理由领域广度上都显著优于普通大学生。在反驳式推理过程中,优秀辩手的间接反驳次数显著多于非辩手。研究表明大学生优秀辩手的非形式推理能力显著优于非辩手。     

论我国社会养老保险的整合

由于复杂的历史原因,我国各种养老保险未能作为一个整体进行系统设计,从而形成养老保险模式体制分割、城乡分割、地区分割的局面,导致公务员、事业单位职工、企业职工养老金差距悬殊以及农民工养老保险关系无法转移接续.应遵循促进公平正义、适应发展趋势、实现多方共赢的理念和原则对养老保险体系进行整合.具体做法是:(1)四大养老保险均应实行"统账结合"的基本制度,实现体制并轨;(2)"基础养老金"全国统筹,实现各种养老保险的可转移接续.(3)国家调节"基础养老金",逐步缩小养老金差距.     

治疗糖尿病创新药物研究

本论文从治疗2型糖尿病药物应用现状出发,通过对2型糖尿病病理的认识,新发现的主要受体和相关药靶等方面进行分析.指出随着对糖尿病认识的深入发展,治疗糖尿病创新药物研究的发展趋势也发生了相应的变化,就是从局部治疗到全身综合考虑,从药物外部直接地干预到增强自身调节功能.为治疗2-型糖尿病药物发展指明了方向.     

Individual attitudes and perceived social norms: Reports on HIV/AIDS‐related stigma among service providers in China

This study examined HIV/AIDS‐related stigma among Chinese service providers by comparing their personal attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS with their perception of social norms related to people living with HIV/AIDS. We randomly selected three provincial hospitals, four city/prefecture hospitals, 10 county hospitals, 18 township health clinics, and 54 village clinics from Yunnan, China. Doctors and nurses were randomly sampled proportionally to the doctor–nurse ratio of each hospital or clinic. Lab technicians were over‐sampled in order to include an adequate representation in the analysis. A total of 1,101 service providers participated in a voluntary, anonymous survey where demographic characteristics, individual attitude and perceived social norms toward people living with HIV/AIDS, discrimination intent at work, general prejudicial attitude and knowledge on HIV/AIDS were measured. A majority of the sample demonstrated a similarity between their personal views and what they thought most people in society believe. Multiple logistic regressions revealed that participants who were younger or reported personal contact with people living with HIV/AIDS were significantly more likely to report personal attitudes toward the population that were more liberal than their perceived social norms. Holding a more liberal personal attitude toward people living with HIV/AIDS than perceived social norms was significantly and negatively related to the level of discrimination intent at work, perceived discrimination at interpersonal level and the level of general prejudicial attitude toward people living with HIV/AIDS. Results underscored the importance of understanding social norms and personal attitudes in studying HIV‐related stigma and called for the incorporation of existing human capital into future HIV stigma reduction programs.     

Behavioral and neural correlates of memory selection and interference resolution during a digit working memory task

Neuroimaging studies have shown the involvement of prefrontal and posterior parietal cortexes in regulating information processing. We conducted behavioral and fMRI experiments to investigate the relationship between memory selection and proactive interference (PI), using a delayed recognition task with a selection cue presented during the delay indicating which two of the four studied digits were relevant to the present test. PI was indexed by the response time differences between rejecting probes matching and not matching the no longer relevant digits. By varying the delay intervals, we found that the effect of PI did not diminish, even for cases in which the postcue interval was extended to 9 sec, but was stronger when the precue interval was lengthened to 5 sec. By examining the correlation between PI index and neural correlates of memory selection, we found that stronger PI is predicted by lower selection-related activity in the left inferior parietal lobe, the precuneus, and the dorsal middle frontal gyrus. Our results suggest that activity in the prefrontal-parietal network may contribute to one’s ability to focus on the task-relevant information and may proactively reduce PI in working memory.