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151.
152.
This article points out several flaws in an earlier article (Chau, Martin, Thompson, Chang, & Woo, 2006). We note that Chau, Martin, Thompson, Chang, and Woo (2006) had misquoted our work on a 4-item version of the geriatric depression scale (GDS), and the work of the research team, which developed the original 30-item and 15-item versions of the scale. Furthermore, their data analytic methods were flawed, and their conclusions were often not supported by the data they presented. On the basis of these observations, we found no evidence against the use of the 4-item version of the GDS. 相似文献
153.
Whither geometry? Troubles of the geometric module 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Cheng K 《Trends in cognitive sciences》2008,12(9):355-361
In rectangular arenas, rats often confuse diagonally opposite corners, even when distinctive cues differentiate them. This led to the postulation that rats rely preferentially on the geometry of space, encoded in a dedicated geometric module. Recent research casts doubt on this idea. Distinctive featural cues such as entire walls of a distinct color can hinder or aid the learning of geometry. In one situation in which using geometry would help greatly, rats had trouble learning the task. An associative model has been developed to capture these different learning processes, and view-based matching has been proposed as an alternative to the explicit coding of geometric cues. Considerations about how cues interact in learning are crucial in a recent theory of human spatial cognition. 相似文献
154.
This study investigated how shallow processing (complexity rating), deep processing (pleasantness rating), and semantic generation (translating from English) of Chinese words affects conscious memory (CM) and unconscious memory (UM) of the words with three implicit tests: word association, word identification, and word-stem completion. A metacognition-based dissociation procedure was used to estimate the two forms of memory for each test. Except for the shallow condition preceding the word-association test, all three study conditions produced a positive effect on the estimate of CM. The estimate of UM did not benefit from any of the study conditions in the word-association test, it benefited from the shallow and deep conditions but did not benefit from the generation condition in the stem-completion test, and it benefited from the shallow condition but did not benefit from the deep and generation conditions in the word-identification test. Implications of these results for CM and UM operations are discussed. 相似文献
155.
Megan J. Murphy Wan-Juo Cheng Ronald J. Werner-Wilson 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2006,28(4):475-484
Various theoretical approaches to therapy place different emphases on the use of power in therapy. In this study, we explore six master therapists’ use of power via communicational control for theoretical consistency. Results indicate that all therapists, regardless of their stance on power, use the role of therapist to exert power in an initial therapy session. Master therapists, in general, did appear to be theoretically consistent with their stated philosophies of therapy. Suggestions for future studies exploring power therapists have are included. 相似文献
156.
157.
从卡介苗成功治疗膀胱癌论肿瘤的免疫治疗 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
卡介苗(BCG)膀胱内灌注是治疗浅表性膀胱癌一种最有效的方法。通过对治疗后的监测发现,卡介苗灌注后可引发肿瘤部位显著的固有免疫和适应性免疫细胞反应,体内大多数的抗肿瘤免疫效应细胞参与这一反应过程。这一结果表明,有效的肿瘤免疫治疗必须由固有免疫和适应性免疫细胞协同作用才能完成。 相似文献
158.
当代科学哲学的发展正处于转型期,传统科学哲学的内在矛盾越来越尖锐,新的科学哲学传统的建立正处于探索之中。在这种背景下,为了全面了解德国科学哲学的研究与发展状况,我们对德国柏林理工大学哲学系的汉斯·波塞尔(Hans Poser)(简称波)教授和德国自由大学哲学系教授、大连理工大学特聘教授李文潮(简称李)先生进行了专访。问:英美科学哲学界普遍认为,科学哲学产生于孔德的实证主义,形成于逻辑经验主义,您是否同意这种说法?波:一般认为科学哲学起源于孔德的实证主义,这是分析哲学的看法,分析哲学的典型特征是坚持经验主义传统,从经验主义中… 相似文献
159.
心境对情绪信息加工的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文考察在自然情境和人为诱发的情境下,心境对不同情绪信息加工过程的影响,验证特质一致性假设。采用实验研究和问卷调查相结合的方法,并以SPSS11.5进行数据处理。结果显示,在自然情境下,心境对于情绪信息加工的影响不是很明显;而在人为诱发的情境下,验证了心境一致性效应。 相似文献
160.
Multiple pathways from stress to suicidality and the protective effect of social support in Hong Kong adolescents 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Two theoretical models were constructed to illustrate how stressful events, family and friends support, depression, substance use, and death attitude mutually influence to create cumulative risks for suicide. The models were evaluated using structural equation modeling. Results showed that suicidality was strongly predicted by death attitude, depression, and substance use which together form a dangerous combination of risk factors at the personal level. Within the adolescent's social environment, stressful events increased suicidality through intensifying depression, substance use, and death acceptance, whereas family and friends support lowered it, partly through reducing stress and death acceptance. The effect (direct and indirect combined) of family support was much stronger than that of friends support. Enhancing stress coping ability, promoting positive family relationships, and attacking attitudes supportive of death might be the best strategies to prevent youth suicide. 相似文献