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171.
Dual Identification and the (De‐)Politicization of Migrants: Longitudinal and Comparative Evidence
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Bernd Simon Frank Reichert Christoph Daniel Schaefer Anne Bachmann Daniela Renger 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2015,25(3):193-203
The article examines the role of dual identification with both the ethnocultural ingroup and the society of residence in the politicization of migrants. The researchers employed a longitudinal and comparative research design with members of the two largest, but sociologically very different, migrant groups in Germany as research participants (i.e. Turkish migrants and Russian migrants). In line with prior work that has shown that, among members of aggrieved groups, dual identity functions as a politicized collective identity, we found that dual identification fostered political engagement among Turkish migrants. In contrast, Russian migrants reported no substantial grievances, and dual identification negatively affected their subsequent political engagement. The contributions of these findings to an articulation of research on politicization with research on intergroup conflict and a more comprehensive understanding of political phenomena driven by dual identification are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
172.
Doris Kehl Daniela Knuth Lynn Hulse Silke Schmidt 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2013,22(8):842-853
The presence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and posttraumatic growth (PTG) following a critical incident were examined among firefighters from eight predominantly European countries. A sample of 1916 firefighters completed the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES–R) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory–Short Form (PTGI–SF) with reference to a critical incident they had experienced. Analyses indicated both negative and positive posttraumatic outcomes could derive from experiencing critical incidents in the line of duty. The analyses also showed country differences exist regarding firefighters’ PTSD symptoms and PTG. It is recommended that future researchers examine factors that could evoke such national differences. 相似文献
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174.
Schiller D Cain CK Curley NG Schwartz JS Stern SA Ledoux JE Phelps EA 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2008,15(6):394-402
Fear responses can be eliminated through extinction, a procedure involving the presentation of fear-eliciting stimuli without aversive outcomes. Extinction is believed to be mediated by new inhibitory learning that acts to suppress fear expression without erasing the original memory trace. This hypothesis is supported mainly by behavioral data demonstrating that fear can recover following extinction. However, a recent report by Myers and coworkers suggests that extinction conducted immediately after fear learning may erase or prevent the consolidation of the fear memory trace. Since extinction is a major component of nearly all behavioral therapies for human fear disorders, this finding supports the notion that therapeutic intervention beginning very soon after a traumatic event will be more efficacious. Given the importance of this issue, and the controversy regarding immediate versus delayed therapeutic interventions, we examined two fear recovery phenomena in both rats and humans: spontaneous recovery (SR) and reinstatement. We found evidence for SR and reinstatement in both rats and humans even when extinction was conducted immediately after fear learning. Thus, our data do not support the hypothesis that immediate extinction erases the original memory trace, nor do they suggest that a close temporal proximity of therapeutic intervention to the traumatic event might be advantageous. 相似文献
175.
Topic B Huston JP Namestkova K Zhu SW Mohammed AH Schulz D 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2008,90(3):519-526
In the search for animal models of human geriatric depression, we found that operant extinction of escape from water results in the expression of immobility in different age groups, indicative of behavioral "despair", which was also associated with the resistance-to-extinction (RTE) expressed by these animals. With respect to the neurotrophin hypothesis of depression, nerve-growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) protein levels in frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (HP) were examined and related to behavioral immobility and RTE in the water maze in aged and adult Wistar rats. Age-related increases in levels of NGF were found in HP and of NT-3 in FC. Indices of immobility showed relationships in the aged with NGF and, in adults, with BDNF, pointing to a dissociation of neurotrophic involvement in extinction trial-induced "despair" in aged and adult rats. The present results support the hypothesis, that extinction-induced immobility in the water maze reflects a state akin to behavioral despair and point to age-related differences of neurotrophic involvement in depressive-like symptoms. The concept of extinction-induced behavioral "despair" in the aged subsumes several aspects of human geriatric depression, such as co-morbidity of learning impairment and anxiety, and, thus could represent a useful paradigm to examine the neuronal mechanisms underlying depression, especially in aged rodents. 相似文献
176.
Daniela Niesta Kayser Lisa Farwell Tobias Greitemeyer 《Journal of applied social psychology》2008,38(12):2990-3008
The theories of social conduct, seriousness of need, and similarity; cost–benefit models; and individual differences in ideology are used to predict self‐reported help giving that is interpersonal or through humanitarian organizations. The results indicate that persons tend to be more helpful interpersonally than through organizations, are more responsive to characteristics of the needy when helping interpersonally than through organizations, and have stronger affective responses toward individuals than toward individuals represented by organizations. For both interpersonal and organization‐mediated assistance, perceived benefit to the donor strongly predicts help giving. Relatively conservative persons report less helpfulness, both interpersonally and through humanitarian organizations. Collectively, these findings offer an integrative approach to help giving and have implications for fundraising in the humanitarian sector. 相似文献
177.
The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether light therapy improves healthy subjects' neurocognitive performance of attention, memory, and language. Ten subjects were treated with white bright light for 5 days and a control group of 10 with no treatment were assessed with a battery of neurocognitive tests which included the Stroop Colour Word Interference Test, the Verbal Fluency Test, the Story Recall Test, and the Word Pairs Recall Test. Analysis showed improvements in cognitive scores in both groups, although on all the cognitive tests the mean difference scores between baseline and endpoint were significantly larger in the light-treated group. These preliminary results suggest that short-term bright light may exert beneficial effects on cognitive functions. 相似文献
178.
Daniela F. Sieff 《Psychological Perspectives》2017,60(2):170-185
Growing up traumatized means that survival systems are activated in both our minds and bodies. As a result, our lives become rooted in a different biological and psychological reality. I've called this parallel reality a “trauma-world.” At its core are fearfulness, disconnection, and shame. If a trauma-world is formed during childhood, it becomes our normality, whereupon we are unconscious of its impact on our lives. However, without consciousness, healing is impossible.?Marion Woodman articulated the dynamics of trauma in a visceral and potent way, helping to bring trauma-worlds into consciousness. As importantly, together with dance educator Mary Hamilton and voice coach Ann Skinner, Woodman developed BodySoul Rhythms®, an embodied, creative, and integrative approach that can make a powerful contribution to healing. 相似文献
179.
A century of victimhood: Antecedents and current impacts of perceived suffering in World War I across Europe
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Pierre Bouchat Laurent Licata Valérie Rosoux Christian Allesch Heinrich Ammerer Inna Bovina Susanne Bruckmüller Rosa Cabecinhas Xenia Chryssochoou J. Christopher Cohrs István Csertő Sylvain Delouvée Federica Durante Andreea Ernst‐Vintila Christine Flassbeck Denis Hilton Chantal Kesteloot Resit Kislioglu Alice Krenn Irina Macovei Silvia Mari Nebojša Petrovic Tibor Pólya Alberto Sá Inari Sakki Vladimir Turjacanin Laurence van Ypersele Chiara Volpato Michal Bilewicz Olivier Klein 《European journal of social psychology》2017,47(5):661-662
180.