Translation and validation of the Spanish version of the "Echelle de Satisfaction des Besoins Psychologiques" in the sports context

The aim of the present research was to translate and to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Satisfaction of Psychological Needs Scale, using a sample of 284 athletes (204 male and 78 female). Results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the correlated three-factor structure of the scale. Furthermore, the results showed evidence of convergence validity with the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale. The predictive validity was tested using a structural equation model in which task orientation climate predicted the three basic psychological needs and these, in turn, intrinsic motivation. Likewise, we documented evidence of reliability, analyzed as internal consistency and temporal stability. Results partially support the use of the Spanish version of the scale in sports.     

冠心病调脂治疗过程中的哲学思考

他汀广泛用于冠心病的一级预防和二级预防,普遍源于循证医学的证据。首先,他汀治疗冠心病是从疾病的本质出发,采取有效方法稳定斑块、缓解缺血。调脂治疗中,以降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇为主要目标,体现了抓主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面的思路。调脂强调联合治疗,个体化治疗,同时一分为二看待药物的作用,适时减量或停药。     

《周易》"心"范畴心理学疏解

易学心理思想的研究,应该从<周易>"心"范畴入手,认真辨析<易经>和<易传>中每一重要"心"范畴的心理学涵义,并给予肯要的阐释与疏解,这是研究易学心理学的基本进路,由此也可以解决中国本土传统心理学话语系统的建立问题.     

Individual differences in self-reported thought control: the role of the repressive coping sytle

The purpose of the present research is to assess differences between repressors and non repressors in some aspects associated with conscious thought control. Thus, Sixty-three Spanish university students with different combinations of trait anxiety and defensiveness completed the Thought Control Ability Questionnaire (TCAQ) and the White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI). Data analysis showed that subjects with low anxiety (repressors and low anxious) reported higher perceived ability to control unpleasant thoughts and less tendency to suppress than did subjects with high anxiety (high anxious and defensive high anxious). Implications of these results are discussed in relation to recent researches that have explored the association between repression and thought suppression.     

论艺术伦理的超道德性

如何认识艺术实践的伦理之维,事关对艺术意义的准确理解和对其审美功能的深度认识。伦理关系体现着人类的最终理想,而具体的道德规范只是人类实现其最终愿望的必要手段,仅仅遵循道德规范并不能实现人类的希望。艺术的伦理价值往往落实于对既成社会规范的挑战,而并非对时代道德习俗的循规蹈矩地遵守;艺术的伦理意义常常拥有一种超道德性。     

Limits of control: The effects of uncontrollability experiences on the efficiency of attentional control

Two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of experiencing uncontrollability on the efficiency of attentional control. The experience of uncontrollability was induced either by unsolvable tasks (Experiment 1) or by tasks in which non-contingent feedback was provided (Experiment 2). A version of the Attentional Network Test-Interactions with an additional measure of vigilance (ANTI-V) was used to evaluate the efficiency of the attentional networks (i.e., alerting, orienting, and executive). Results of both experiments revealed a decreased efficiency of executive attention in participants who experienced stable control deprivation but no negative effects in participants who were able to restore their sense of previously deprived control. Additionally, when participants were asked to perform unsolvable tasks and did not receive feedback (Experiment 1), detrimental effects on the orienting network and vigilance were observed. The motivational and cognitive mechanisms underlying the effects of various uncontrollability experiences on conflict resolution and attentional control are discussed.     

婚姻压力与婚姻质量:婚姻承诺和夫妻支持的调节作用

选取北京389对夫妻,采用婚姻压力、婚姻质量、婚姻承诺和夫妻支持问卷,探讨了婚姻压力和婚姻质量、婚姻承诺和夫妻支持的现状,以及承诺和支持在压力对婚姻质量影响中的调节效应。结果发现:(1)丈夫的婚姻质量、婚姻承诺及提供信息支持的水平显著高于妻子。(2)婚姻压力显著负向预测夫妻各自的婚姻质量,但只有妻子感知的婚姻压力能显著负向预测丈夫的婚姻质量。(3)婚姻承诺和夫妻支持的调节作用存在性别差异,即自身和配偶的承诺和支持水平,只能在妻子的婚姻压力对自身婚姻质量的预测中起到调节作用,而丈夫身上并未发现这一效应。     

Inferences from semifactual 'even if' conditionals

We report three experiments on semifactual conditionals such as 'even if he had worn his seatbelt he would have been injured'. Semifactuals contain a counterfactual antecedent (the presupposed fact is, he did not wear a seatbelt) and a true consequent (the fact is, he was injured). The experiments show that from the denial of the antecedent, 'he did not wear his seatbelt', reasoners do not infer the standard conclusion 'he was not injured' but instead they infer the asymmetric conclusion, 'he was injured'. From the affirmation of the consequent, 'he was injured', they do not infer the standard conclusion 'he wore his seatbelt' but instead they infer that there is no valid conclusion. The first experiment shows this pattern for 'even if' subjunctive conditionals compared to 'if' indicative conditionals, the second extends it to 'even if' subjunctive conditionals compared to 'even though' indicative concessives, and the third extends it to 'if...also/still' subjunctive conditionals. The results suggest that people think about two possibilities to understand a semifactual: the conjecture, he wore his seatbelt and he was injured, and the presupposed facts, he did not wear his seatbelt and he was injured.     

关注幽门螺杆菌治疗中的实际问题

我国对Hp感染诊断和治疗有自己的标准,也有很多成熟的经验,但在根除HP治疗过程中,存在诸多问题,如过度医疗、适应证掌握不严格、第一次根除失败后再次治疗不规范等.我们应共同关注这些问题,提高Hp根除率,降低治疗中的副作用,对HP的许多未知问题从不认识到认识.     

心理距离与决策者角色对风险决策的影响

采用改编的I0S量表测量自我与他人的心理距离,在收益和损失情境下,综合探讨了为他人和预测他人决策时心理距离对个体风险偏好的影响.结果发现:(1)与他人心理距离越远,个体决策时越偏好风险,且反应时越短;(2)个体预测他人决策时比为他人决策时更偏好风险,但两者反应时没有显著差异;(3)心理距离与决策者角色存在交互作用,即预测时个体认为远心理距离他人比近心理距离他人更冒险,而为他人决策时两者差异消失;(4)决策角色与决策框架、心理距离与决策框架存在交互作用:在收益框架下,自我他人心理距离较远时个体更偏好风险,且个体预测比为他人决策时更冒险,损失条件下无差异.依据相关理论对这些结果进行了分析讨论.