Mode of grasp, materials, and grooved chopstick tip on gripping performance and evaluation

This study evaluated the effects of the mode of grasping, chopstick materials, and the groove of the chopstick-tip on gripping performance of 32 participants, among whom 16 were accustomed to using chopsticks with a pliers-grasping mode and the other 16 with a scissors-grasping mode. Based on a random sequence, 8 kinds of chopsticks with different combinations (materials: bamboo, wood, plastic, and stainless steel, with and without grooves in the chopstick-tip) were used to carry out the action of gripping two different objects (peanuts and longan). The time to finish gripping 50 pieces of peanut and longan, the number which fell on the table when gripping, the subjective effort and the subjective preference were measures of efficiency of pinching for 8 kinds of chopsticks. Analysis showed that chopstick materials significantly affect time of gripping. The large object (such as longan) could be gripped more easily with the pliers-grasping mode or gripped with the grooved chopstick-tip. However, for small objects (such as peanuts), there was no significant difference in performance whether the chopstick-tip was grooved or not. A combination of bamboo chopsticks with grooved tips used with a pliers-grasping seem preferrable for more favorable gripping performance.     

中希神话伦理意蕴比较研究

中国神话和希腊神话分别代表了世界神话的伦理化和非伦理化的两端。具体体现在:一是对神和英雄的塑造上的尚“德”与尚“力”;二是神和英雄形象的世俗与严肃;三是神和英雄是崇尚个体意识还是群体精神;四是对神祉和英雄评价上是坚持善恶二元对立的价值观,还是审美化的多元价值观。二者之间最大的差异在于伦理性和非伦理性的区别。     

进食障碍影响因素的探讨

神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症是主要的进食障碍症状。进食障碍的影响因素有社会文化因素（例如媒体和同伴的影响）、家庭因素（如困惑和冲突）、消极情绪、低自尊水平和对自身的不满及认知和生物方面的因素等。     

寄养家庭属性对寄养儿童生活满意度的影响研究

本研究在对家庭寄养儿童进行调查的基础上,编制了家庭属性因素与寄养儿童生活满意度测评量表,并对寄养儿童进行了抽样调查,得出以下结论：1．家庭寄养儿童的生活满意度水平较高;2．影响寄养儿童生活满意度的家庭特质因素有寄养家庭结构和寄养父母的和谐程度;3．对寄养儿童生活满意度影响较大的寄养家庭社会因素是情感满足、行为支持、家庭主导情绪、需要满足。     

神经元活动的时相同步与脑功能整合

从大脑整合的角度分析心理的神经机制。神经元之间的交互和动态联结而构成神经集合被认为是每一个认知活动的基础。然而这一交互作用的具体性质,即脑整合的机制尚未明确。通过对有关实验结果的分析,认为神经元活动的时相同步可能是脑整合的机制。     

教师职业倦怠与归因的关系探讨

教师职业倦怠问题越来越受到国内外教育研究者的关注。本研究检验归因对教师倦怠的影响。采用教师职业倦怠量表与归因问卷调查170名中学教师。结果表明,中学教师的情绪倦怠程度并不高,但仍有一定比例的教师体验较严重的倦怠状态;内控性与机遇两个控制源与倦怠3个维度之间的相关达到显著水平,权势只与去个性化维度之间的相关达到显著水平;并且,只有内控性与机遇显著地预测了职业倦怠的三个维度。     

The impact of development of population-based study in the biomedical field on laws and regulations: a cross-strait experience on biobank development

Together with the completion of the Human Genome Project, biomedical research has marched into the "Post-Genomic Era." In order to take advantage of this extracted gene related information extensively and precisely so as to realize man's biological phenomena as well as the mechanism of pathogenesis, consequentially, a large scale sample collection of different geological areas and/or ethnic groups becomes necessary for the future population based genetic research of a country and, in turn, the construction of population-based genetic database (Biobank). In recent years, both mainland China and Taiwan have not only made great progress in information and computation technologies, but have also gradually taken a close look into the quality of medicine delivery. Thus, it becomes unavoidable for both sides to create each one's population-based genetic databases (Biobank). Theoretically speaking, the Biobank development shall benefit the study on the correlation between genes and disease and also the solution for disease treatment as well. At the same time, medical diagnostic technology has also been significantly improved. It is believable that the population-based genetic database might be utilized to promote medical quality and to reduce the cost of public health delivery. Further; in the near future, it might become the "raw materials "for medical research application. However when taking promotion of public welfare as the premises for a Biobank development, the severe and multi challenge occurred against the traditional legal rules in terms of the privacy protection, public trust development, the compliance of informed consent principle, the implementation of benefit-sharing doctrine and the possible discrimination concern about the population/participants selection and some other ELSI issues. In this paper, the major legal issues encountered by the Biobank development will first be reviewed accompanied by the background information concerning the Biobank development scenario crossing the Taiwan Strait. Also, mainly following the realm of comparative policy or legal approaches, the paper learning from the fruits of this comparative study, tries to propose some recommendations for future legislative consideration by both mainland China and Taiwan. It's been this author's wish that, when establishing a large scale population based Biobank, the promotion of public trust shall be placed as the primary goal together with the emphasis on supporting publicity and transparency on the administrative practices, so as to encourage the public participation in observing the principle of altruism and, in turn, benefit the future biomedicine development.     

农民工感恩问卷的编制与应用价值

通过文献综述、理论分析、个别访谈和开放式问卷调查,编制了农民工感恩问卷初卷,对671名江苏苏南地区农民工进行施测,进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析及信效度检验,并使用该问卷进行初步调查。结果发现：（1）最终形成16个题目的农民工感恩问卷,问卷包含频度方面、密度方面、广度方面三个因子,方差累积贡献率为52.06%;验证性因素分析表明模型拟合得较好;问卷内部一致性系数为0.84;该问卷具有良好的信、效度,可以作为农民工感恩水平的有效测量工具。（2）农民工的整体感恩状况良好,农民工的感恩水平存在性别     

青少年攻击行为与友谊质量的交叉滞后回归分析

该研究采用问卷法,对湖北省一所初级中学二年级青少年进行了一个学年的纵向追踪研究,使用Bjorkquist等人编制的直接和间接攻击量表(DIA)以及Parker和Asher编制的友谊质量问卷(FQQ)测查青少年的身体攻击和友谊质量。然后采用二元交叉滞后回归分析法考察了初中二、三年级学生在一个学年中的攻击行为与友谊质量(总问卷及分问卷得分)的关系。结果表明,在控制了前测"肯定与关心"得分后,身体攻击显著地负向预测了"肯定与关心"得分。在控制了前测的"冲突解决策略"得分后,攻击行为边缘显著地预测了后测的"冲突解决策略"得分。同时发现,后测"身体攻击"和"冲突与背叛"不存在显著的相关。