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981.
Charles Thorne Ph. D. David Nickerson D. O. David Gemmel M. A. 《Journal of religion and health》1996,35(2):149-158
Background: This study investigates the relationship between religion and alcohol use, sedentary life style, and tobacco use.
A survey of 990 noninstitutionalized persons 62 years of age and older was completed. Five life-style questions, three religious
questions, and patient demographic information were studied. Results and conclusions were clear. Persons who are married,
above the poverty level, non-white, and male are more likely to use alcohol. Subjects with sedentary life styles are more
likely to be older, single, non-white, and female. Smokers are more likely to be below the poverty line and non-white. Finally,
the relationship between religion and health risks seems minimal, possibly because of a selection bias. 相似文献
982.
James O. Young 《Ratio》1996,9(1):68-77
I characterise a relativist account of truth as one according to which the truth value of a sentence can vary without its meaning changing. Relativism is to be contrasted with absolutism, which states that the truth values of sentences cannot change, so long as their meanings remain constant. I argue that absolutism follows from the realist account of meaning and truth conditions. According to realism, the meaning of a sentence consists in objective truth conditions and sentences are true if and only if certain objective conditions obtain. Relativism is a consequence of anti-realism. Anti-realists believe that the meanings of sentences consist in recognisable conditions and that sentences are true if and only if certain recognisable conditions obtain. I contrast the sorts of relativism which results from partial, empiricism-based anti-realisms, and global anti-realism, which is linked to a coherence theory of knowledge. I offer a few remarks on how global anti-realists can restrict the scope of their relativism. 相似文献
983.
In a test of predictions derived from an identity-analytic model of self-presentational behavior, individuals who privately
endorsed positive or negative attitudes about sexual behavior were asked to deliver a prosexuality speech while alone, while
watched by observers, or while being watched by observers who questioned the morality of the subject’s actions. Subsequent
attitude measures indicated that the subjects who initially adopted negative attitudes justified their behavior by expressing
more favorable attitudes about sexuality, but only when no audience witnessed their speech. When an audience was present,
these individuals emphasized their lack of choice. In contrast, subjects who privately endorsed positive attitudes publicly
expressed less favorable attitudes when their morality was challenged by the observers. These findings suggest that attitude
change following counterattitudinal behavior (a) stems from private image-maintenance needs as well as public self-presentational
concerns, and (b) is sometimes designed to secure an image of morality as well as an image of consistency. 相似文献
984.
Anthony Biglan Dennis Ary Virginia Koehn Debra Levings Sandra Smith Zada Wright Lisa James Jamye Henderson 《American journal of community psychology》1996,24(5):625-638
A community intervention to mobilize positive reinforcement for not selling tobacco to young people was evaluated. The intervention
had five components: (a) mobilization of community support, (b) merchant education, (c) changing consequences to clerks for
selling or not selling to those under 18, (d) publicity about clerks’ refusals to sell, and (e) feedback to store owners or
managers about the extent of their sales to adolescents. A multiple baseline design experiment was conducted, in which two
small Oregon communities received the intervention, while two others continued in baseline. Outlets’ willingness to sell was
assessed repeatedly by teenage volunteers. The intervention significantly reduced the proportion of stores willing to sell.
Mobilizing socia and material reinforcement for stores not selling tobacco to young people is a viable means of reducing such
sales. It may be especially valuable in communities where laws against sales to minors go unenforced.
This paper supported in part by the National Cancer Institute Grant CA38273. 相似文献
985.
Kenneth O. St. LouisFlorence L. MyersLauren J. CassidyAmy J. MichaelShannon M. PenrodBarbara A. Litton Stephen W. CoutrasJennifer L. R. OliveraEvy Brodsky 《Journal of Fluency Disorders》1996,21(3-4):305-314
Two clutterers were treated with similar preplanned delayed auditory feedback (DAF) procedures, using probe samples in which the DAF was not present to measure treatment efficacy. Whereas both clients met established fluency criteria during treatment, both clutterers had difficulty transferring gains to probe sessions—one more than the other. Differences in results of DAF treatment are discussed from the perspectives of differences in cluttering severity, coexisting disorders, and supplementary clinical techniques. 相似文献
986.
Kenneth O. St. Louis 《Journal of Fluency Disorders》1996,21(3-4):337-343
Tables summarizing results of questionnaires, completed by authors, for each cluttering subject are presented. The first table summarizes symptoms and abnomalities manifested by the 29 clutterers. The second table summarizes the targets, procedures, and results of therapy for 15 of the clutterers for whom knowledge of therapy was available. 相似文献
987.
Edmund Fantino James Kulik Stephanie Stolarz-fantino William Wright 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》1997,4(1):96-101
The conjunction fallacy, in which individuals report that the conjunction of two events is more rather than less likely to occur than one of the events alone, is a robust phenomenon. We assessed the possibility that an analysis in terms of functional measurement methodology might be consistent with occurrence of the fallacy. A 3 × 3 design in which we varied the judged likelihood of the two components constituting the conjunction permitted us to assess the possibility that subjects judge the likelihood of conjunctions by averaging the likelihood of their component parts. The results were consistent with this possibility, and this interpretation was supported by analysis of the results in terms of functional measurement methodology. 相似文献
988.
989.
990.
Serena O’Meley 《Sophia》1995,34(1):241-258
Conclusion Rudolf Otto’s concept of the ‘numinous’ was developed through study, observation, personal experience and religious and philosophical influences. The main philosophical
influences for Otto's thought came from Fries, Schleiermacher, and Kant—from whom Otto derived the concept of thea priori nature of the numinous. However, the numinous does not appear to be a universally applicable category of experience, much
lessa priori, and in some cases may distort religious experience. The example of Hinduism demonstrated how easily the concept of the numinous
may be applied to one 相似文献