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281.
Cirecie West‐Olatunji Mi Jin Yang Jeff Wolfgang Rachel Henesy Eunhui Yoon 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2017,95(4):457-464
Insufficient exploration of multicultural social justice competence in research methodology and procedures may contribute to lingering clinical problems for diverse populations. Using transcultural theory to evaluate the effectiveness of cross‐national research, the authors examined the various cross‐national methodological challenges during the research design, analysis, and interpretation stages. Recommendations focus on expanding the Multicultural Social Justice Counseling Competencies (Ratts, Singh, Nassar‐McMillan, Butler, & McCullough, 2015 ) to prepare researchers with enhanced skills to explore issues involving diverse populations. 相似文献
282.
Past work has shown that in‐group role models buffer stereotyped targets from stereotype threat. What is less clear is what makes an effective in‐group role model. Accordingly, we conducted a study to examine whether increasing the similarity of in‐group role models will enhance their effectiveness in stereotype threat situations. Female participants in this study were either exposed to a more or less similar (on the basis of school affiliation, life experiences, and interests) female job candidate who was either high or low in math competence. Afterwards, participants took a math exam under stereotype threat conditions. Results revealed that similarity moderated the effect of job candidate math competence: Female participants' math performance improved more after exposure to a more similar compared with a less similar, high math‐competent candidate. No effects of similarity occurred for the low math‐competent candidates. We further found that feelings of intimidation partially mediated the performance effects. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
283.
Sung Woo Kahng Kyong‐Mee Chung Katharine Gutshall Steven C. Pitts Joyce Kao Kelli Girolami 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2010,43(1):35-45
Visual inspection of single‐case data is the primary method of interpretation of the effects of an independent variable on a dependent variable in applied behavior analysis. The purpose of the current study was to replicate and extend the results of DeProspero and Cohen (1979) by reexamining the consistency of visual analysis across raters. We recruited members of the board of editors and associate editors for the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis to judge graphs on a 100‐point scale of experimental control and by providing a dichotomous response (i.e., “yes” or “no” for experimental control). Results showed high interrater agreement across the three types of graphs, suggesting that visual inspection can lead to consistent interpretation of single‐case data among well‐trained raters. 相似文献
284.
Lynn R. Kahle Raymond R. Liu Gregory M. Rose Woo‐Sung Kim 《Journal of Consumer Psychology》2000,9(1):53-58
In this article, we examine the four processes of dialectical thinking: interconnection, development and change, transformation of quantitative into qualitative, and unity and struggle of opposites. We argue that the decisions of some consumers reflect dialectical thinking, at least some of the time. 相似文献
285.
Jin Woong Kang 《Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism》2008,8(1):101-119
This article explores the historical changes in the national identity of the Korean minority in China from the period of Japanese colonial invasion through to the present. Existing studies have taken an ethno‐cultural approach to the Korean minority's dual identity, but they have ignored the importance of political identity‐formation which creates, re‐creates, and transforms national identity. The Korean minority's national identity has been determined by political and economic factors rather than ethnic and cultural backgrounds. In this regard, the Korean minority's double‐minded self‐understanding of its own nationhood has shifted from an ethnicity‐centred dual identity to a nationality‐centred dual identity. This article notes that the Korean minority's national identity has been created and re‐created by political identity‐formation, and its imagination of ethnicity has been transformed through this political process. 相似文献
286.
287.
O'Reilly MF Sigafoos J Edrisinha C Lancioni G Cannella H Choi HY Barretro A 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2006,39(2):239-242
We attempted to isolate the evocative effects of the establishing operation for positively reinforced problem behavior with 2 participants. The study consisted of three phases. First, a functional analysis identified tangible items (Participant 1) and attention (Participant 2) as maintaining problem behavior. Second, access to tangible items and attention was systematically controlled (continuous access vs. no access) immediately prior to functional analysis sessions in which these consequences were delivered contingent on problem behavior. Results of this phase indicated that problem behavior occurred at higher levels when access to tangible items and attention was restricted. In the third phase, prior access was again controlled, but problem behavior produced no consequences. Results of this final phase indicated that problem behavior occurred at higher levels during extinction sessions when participants did not have prior access to the reinforcers. 相似文献
288.
Previous studies indicated that not only individual self‐esteem (e.g., Diener & Diener, 1995; Neto, 1993) but also collective self‐esteem (e.g., Crocker, Luhtanen, Blaine, & Broadnax, 1994; Zhang & Leung, 1999) contributed to prediction of life satisfaction. When the effects of individual and collective self‐esteems on life satisfaction have been demonstrated, a further question in life satisfaction research is that whether the relationship between self‐esteem and life satisfaction is subject to the influence of boundary conditions. The present investigation focused on moderating effects of gender and age on the relationship between self‐esteem and life satisfaction in Chinese people. Participants were 1347 Mainland Chinese (aged from 14 to 88 years, 52.3% female) from three generations. They finished the General Life Satisfaction Scale (Leung & Leung, 1992), Life Domain Satisfaction Scale (revised from Michalos, 1985), Self‐Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Collective Self‐Esteem Scale (Luhtanen & Crocker, 1992). Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the relationship between collective self‐esteem and general life satisfaction was stronger for the male participants than for the female participants. The effect of individual self‐esteem on life domain satisfaction was stronger in the male group than in the female group. The effect of individual self‐esteem on life domain satisfaction was stronger in the older people than in the younger people. However the effect of collective self‐esteem on life domain satisfaction was stronger in the younger people than in the older people. These results might reflect life task differences and social expectation differences between male and female, younger and older people. Additional research is needed with other types of samples, especially with samples from some individualist cultures to see whether the results could generalize to these cultures. 相似文献
289.
Fossella JA Sommer T Fan J Pfaff D Posner MI 《Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews》2003,9(3):178-183
In humans, changes in brain structure and function can be measured non-invasively during postnatal development. In animals, advanced optical imaging measures can track the formation of synapses during learning and behavior. With the recent progress in these technologies, it is appropriate to begin to assess how the physiological processes of synapse, circuit, and neural network formation relate to the process of cognitive development. Of particular interest is the development of executive function, which develops more gradually in humans. One approach that has shown promise is molecular genetics. The completion of the human genome project and the human genome diversity project make it straightforward to ask whether variation in a particular gene correlates with variation in behavior, brain structure, brain activity, or all of the above. Strategies that unify the wealth of biochemical knowledge pertaining to synapse formation with the functional measures of brain structure and activity may lead to new insights in developmental cognitive psychology. 相似文献
290.
A. E. af Wåhlberg Guy Madison Ulrika Aasa Jeong Jin Yu 《Basic and applied social psychology》2021,43(1):68-80
Abstract Invariance of surveys across different groups means that the respondents interpret the items in the same way, as reflected in similar factor loadings, for example. Invariance can be assessed using various statistical procedures, such as Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis. However, these analyses require access to raw data. Here, we introduce a meta-analytic method that requires only the factor correlation matrices of samples as input. It compares the structures of intercorrelations of factors by correlating these values across two samples, yielding a value of overall similarity for how the factors intercorrelate in different samples. This method was tested in three different ways. We conclude that the method yields useful results and can assess invariance when raw data are not available. 相似文献