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261.
This study introduces and reports an initial test of a theoretical model of play in romantic relationships. It was hypothesized that self–esteem and humor orientation would be positively associated with playfulness in romantic relationships. Playfulness in romantic relationships was predicted to be positively associated with the experience of positive emotion. Positive emotion, in turn, was predicted to be associated with relationship satisfaction. A self–report instrument was administered to students and community members via snowball sampling. Path analysis revealed that the data were consistent with the proposed model. 相似文献
262.
Gandour J Wong D Lowe M Dzemidzic M Satthamnuwong N Tong Y long Y Lurito J 《Brain and language》2002,83(2):268-290
Thai, a language which exhibits a phonemic opposition in vowel length, allows us to compare temporal patterns in linguistic and nonlinguistic contexts. Functional MRI data were collected from Thai and English subjects in a speeded-response, selective attention paradigm as they performed same/different judgments of vowel duration and consonants (Thai speech) and hum duration (nonspeech). Activation occurred predominantly in left inferior prefrontal cortex in both speech tasks for the Thai group, but only in the consonant task for the English group. The Thai group exhibited activation in the left mid superior temporal gyrus in both speech tasks; the English group in the posterior superior temporal gyrus bilaterally. In the hum duration task, peak activation was observed bilaterally in prefrontal cortex for both groups. These crosslinguistic data demonstrate that encoding of complex auditory signals is influenced by their functional role in a particular language. 相似文献
263.
Relationship between the movements of the lumbar spine and hip 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Movements of the lumbar spine and hips were measured in 20 healthy subjects using an electromagnetic tracking device. Movement sensors were attached to the L1 spinous process, the sacrum and the thighs. Each subject was requested to perform the following movements of the trunk: forward and backward bending, lateral bending and twisting. The ratio of the maximum magnitude of spine movement to that of the hip was determined. Angle-angle plot and cross-correlation were used to examine the relationship between the movements of the spine and hip. It was shown that during forward and backward bending of the trunk, the overall contributions of the lumbar spine and hip were similar, but the spine had a greater contribution to the early stage of the movement. Lateral bending of the trunk was found to be primarily accomplished by movement of the spine, whereas the hips were the predominate sources of movement for twisting. Moreover, it was shown that in the sagittal and horizontal planes, the movement patterns of the spine and hip were in phase, whereas in the coronal plane, the spine generally moved earlier than the hips. It is concluded that clinical examination of the back should include kinematic measures of both the lumbar spine and hips. 相似文献
264.
Hong YY Coleman J Chan G Wong RY Chiu CY Hansen IG Lee SL Tong YY Fu HY 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2004,30(8):1035-1047
This research sought to integrate the implicit theory approach and the social identity approach to understanding biases in intergroup judgment. The authors hypothesized that a belief in fixed human character would be associated with negative bias and prejudice against a maligned group regardless of the perceiver's social identity. By contrast, a belief in malleable human character would allow the perceiver's social identity to guide intergroup perception, such that a common ingroup identity that includes the maligned group would be associated with less negative bias and prejudice against the maligned group than would an exclusive identity. To test these hypotheses, a correlational study was conducted in the context of the Hong Kong 1997 political transition to examine Hong Kong Chinese's perceptions of Chinese Mainlanders, and an experimental study was conducted in the United States to examine Asian Americans' perception of African Americans. Results from both studies supported the authors' predictions. 相似文献
265.
266.
Wong KF 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2000,26(6):1411-1422
This study examined the dependence of repetition priming (RP) and negative priming (NP) as a function of prime-probe contextual similarity in a paradigm in which participants were required to respond to a letter flanked by incompatible distractor letters (e.g., ABA). Experiment 1 used prime and probe displays containing a pair of "+" symbols that were presented horizontally or vertically. Experiments 2 and 3 manipulated whether the letter triplets contained the "!" symbol. In all experiments, regardless of whether the RP trials were intermixed with the NP trials (Experiment 2) or not (Experiment 3), RP was stronger in the prime-probe similar conditions than in the prime-probe dissimilar conditions, but NP was independent of prime-probe contextual similarity. These findings suggest that NP is not necessarily stronger in conditions in which episodic retrieval of the prime is more likely. 相似文献
267.
Anchoring effect (AE) refers to a phenomenon that an arbitrary number (i.e., the anchor) biases a subsequent numerical judgment. Three experiments were conducted to examine how the anchor is represented in short-term memory. Experiment 1 showed that despite the semantic equivalence of two anchors, the anchor with a larger absolute value (i.e., 7300 m) induced a greater numerical estimate than did the anchor with a smaller absolute value (i.e., 7.3 km). Experiment 2 showed that an anchor 228 could serve as both a high and a low anchor, depending on the absolute value to be judged in the numerical judgment. By including anchors with negative signs, Experiment 3 further demonstrated that it was the absolute value but not the semantics of the anchors that exerted an effect on the subsequent numerical estimate. The three experiments provided converging support for the hypothesis that an anchor is superficially represented as absolute value plus affix in short-term memory. The processes leading to AE and the practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
268.
We investigate Broca's sentence comprehension as an impairment on normal syntactic composition: the slow-syntax hypothesis (SSH). Experiment 1 examines comprehension of object-relative clauses (Wh-movement). Experiment 2 examines comprehension of sentences with unaccusative verbs (NP-movement), which like passives, base-generate their theme-argument in object position. Guided by the SSH, both experiments test the prediction that syntax-dependent effects such as "gap-filling" are observable but in a delayed fashion. Results show that whereas no priming was obtained at the point of the trace, antecedent reactivation emerged 650 and 800 ms after the verb (for Wh- and NP-movement respectively). This shows, contrary to dependency-based generalizations, that Broca's patients are able to successfully implement dependencies, albeit in a protracted manner. Given the localization value provided by Broca's aphasia, this supports the notion that the temporal implementation of syntactic structure formation (i.e., the requirement that it be fast and automatic) depends on the integrity of the anterior left hemisphere. 相似文献
269.
This article reviews measures of child and adolescent psychopathology used in Asian cultures. Sixteen imported measures from the West are identified and their psychometric equivalence across cultures is reviewed; 2 new measures are briefly introduced. Although initial evidence is generally promising, more studies are needed to support their use in Asia. One recently developed Singapore measure cannot be considered genuinely indigenous. Culture-specific items proposed for imported measures could be grouped into existing diagnostic constructs. There is, as yet, no strong theoretical support for culture-bound diagnostic constructs in Asian cultures. 相似文献
270.
Wong EC Kim BS Zane NW Kim IJ Huang JS 《Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology》2003,9(1):88-96
Treatment rationales for 2 widely used and empirically supported interventions, cognitive therapy (CT) and time-limited dynamic psychotherapy (TLDP), were examined for their perceived credibility among 136 Asian American college students. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of culturally based variables (often assumed to underlie ethnicity) and their related effects on credibility perceptions. Variables assessed included cultural identity, self-construals, values, and mental health beliefs. Participants were randomly assigned to read either a CT or TLDP treatment rationale for depression and then rated the credibility of the interventions. Results indicated that cultural identity and self-construals moderated credibility ratings across CT and TLDP rationales. Findings underscore the importance of moving beyond ethnic group analyses to the examination of specific culturally based variables. 相似文献