张三丰与崂山道教

古老的中国道教,自其创始以来便不断追求着超越世俗的神仙理想。而遍布于华夏大地的名山大川,多有为道教“洞天福地”者,从而承载了一代又一代道士们在实践长生成仙道路上坚实而又凝重的足迹,并以大量的古迹遗存成为道教文化的天然博物馆。在山东半岛西南部的大海之滨,有一座被人们称为“神仙窟     

Flexible target templates improve visual search accuracy for faces depicting emotion

Theories of visual attention hypothesize that target selection depends upon matching visual inputs to a memory representation of the target – i.e., the target or attentional template. Most theories assume that the template contains a veridical copy of target features, but recent studies suggest that target representations may shift "off veridical" from actual target features to increase target-to-distractor distinctiveness. However, these studies have been limited to simple visual features (e.g., orientation, color), which leaves open the question of whether similar principles apply to complex stimuli, such as a face depicting an emotion, the perception of which is known to be shaped by conceptual knowledge. In three studies, we find confirmatory evidence for the hypothesis that attention modulates the representation of an emotional face to increase target-to-distractor distinctiveness. This occurs over-and-above strong pre-existing conceptual and perceptual biases in the representation of individual faces. The results are consistent with the view that visual search accuracy is determined by the representational distance between the target template in memory and distractor information in the environment, not the veridical target and distractor features.