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101.
Ramstead Maxwell J. D. Kirchhoff Michael D. Constant Axel Friston Karl J. 《Synthese》2019,198(1):41-70
Synthese - We present a multiscale integrationist interpretation of the boundaries of cognitive systems, using the Markov blanket formalism of the variational free energy principle. This... 相似文献
102.
Karl Christoph Klauer Thorsten Meiser Birgit Naumer 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》2000,53(3):868-895
Two experiments compared the effects of four training conditions on propositional reasoning. A syntactic training demonstrated formal derivations, in an abstract semantic training the standard truth-table definitions of logical connectives were explained, and a domain-specific semantic training provided thematic contexts for the premises of the reasoning task. In a control training, an inductive reasoning task was practised. In line with the account by mental models, both kinds of semantic training were significantly more effective than the control and the syntactic training, whereas there were no significant differences between the control and the syntactic training, nor between the two kinds of semantic training. Experiment 2 replicated this pattern of effects using a different set of syntactic and domain-specific training conditions. 相似文献
103.
104.
David Menendez Karl S. Rosengren Martha W. Alibali 《Applied cognitive psychology》2020,34(5):1101-1117
People often have difficulty in understanding processes of biological change, and they typically reject drastic life cycle changes such as metamorphosis, except for animals with which they are familiar. Even after a lesson about metamorphosis, people often do not generalize to animals not seen during the lesson. This might be partially due to the perceptual richness of the diagrams typically used during lessons on metamorphosis, which serves to emphasize the individual animal rather than a class of animals. In two studies, we examined whether the perceptual richness of a diagram influences adults' learning and transfer of knowledge about metamorphosis. One study was conducted in a laboratory setting, and the other was online. In both studies, adults who saw the bland diagram during the lesson accurately transferred more than adults who saw the rich diagram during the lesson. 相似文献
105.
106.
Karl H. Pribram 《International journal of psychology》1998,33(3):213-225
Recordings of electrical brain activity have provided a rich field of data. These data are harvested at at least two scales of inquiry: scalp recordings from humans have accessed cognitive aspects of the mind/brain relationship, and microelectrode recordings in animals have delineated circuits involved in sensory and motor processes. As yet, there are few studies that have attempted to reconcile the findings obtained at these different scales. It is such reconciliation that we are attempting in experiments performed in our Center for Brain Research and Informational Sciences. A progress report follows. 相似文献
107.
108.
This paper argues for a pluralist perfectionist response to ethical conflict. This sets for states and their public schools the task of helping people adjudicate conflicts between ethical orientations and of promoting or discouraging particular conceptions of a good life. The aim of deliberation is mutual ethical recognition and growth, judged against a thick yet universally shared conception of human flourishing. The political justification of perfectionism is that it provides a better defense against repression and discrimination than state neutrality on issues of the good life. The paper addresses liberal concerns and counters claims that adjudication threatens human relationships. 相似文献
109.
This study, based on aptitude testing of 408 deaf high school students, provides evidence that a modified version of the GATB is a useful instrument for measuring the occupational aptitudes of deaf individuals. 相似文献
110.
Karl E. Henion 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1971,10(3):158-160
A category and two magnitude scales were constructed from observations of 12 Os who judged the pleasantness of a geometric dilution series of n-amyl acetate. Pleasantness varied inversely with concentration and had a short subjective range for a fairly typical range of stimulus concentrations. Scales resembled power functions with negative exponents of .110 to .126. A concave upward relationship between the two types of scales, which was also found in previous experiments involving hedonic and oiliness attributes, suggests a nonprothetic continuum, although evidence was mixed. 相似文献