Jeong Lim Kim PhD  Ji Man Kim PhD  Young Choi BSPH  Tae‐Hoon Lee BSPH  Eun‐Cheol Park MD  PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(5):588-597

Previous suicide attempts are a leading risk factor for completed suicide. To identify specific characteristics of those at high risk for attempts, we investigated associations with socioeconomic status (SES). Data from the 2013 Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) included adults who reported suicidal ideation (N = 220,245). Attempts in the past 12 months were assessed. Associations of demographic, socioeconomic, and suicide‐related behavioral factors were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Among those with suicidal ideation, 862 (3.9%) had attempted suicide. After stratification by age and gender, results showed that low education and unemployed young adult men and women had significantly higher rates of attempts. The lowest income level was associated with significantly higher rates of attempts in only young adult women. Among those with the lowest and highest income, the association between ideation and attempts was attenuated, whereas it was enhanced among other income groups.  相似文献   

    

Juan B. Peña PhD  LCSW  Katherine E. Masyn PhD  Lorna E. Thorpe PhD  Stephanie M. Peña MSW  Eric D. Caine MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(3):301-312

We compared suicide attempts, depressed mood, and drug use of 1,710 Dominican public high school students in New York City (NYC) and 9,573 in the Dominican Republic (DR) in 2009. Compared to DR Dominicans, NYC Dominicans were more likely to have reported lifetime marijuana use (27.6% vs. 1.5%), lifetime inhalant use (11.0% vs. 7.6%), lifetime other drug use (9.9% vs. 3.0%), depressed mood (31.3% vs. 27.2%), and suicide attempt (13.8% vs. 8.8%). The results of this study supported the hypothesis that substantial increases in illicit drug use, especially cocaine, heroin, ecstasy, and methamphetamines, among NYC Dominican youth account for their increased risk for suicide attempts compared to their DR Dominican counterparts. It also identified suicide attempts as a public health problem among NYC Dominicans, the largest NYC Latino immigrant population.  相似文献   

    

Liat Itzhaky PhD  Golan Shahar PhD  Daniel Stein MD  Silvana Fennig MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(4):385-397

We examined the role of depressive traits—self‐criticism and dependency—in nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation among inpatient adolescents with eating disorders. In two studies (N = 103 and 55), inpatients were assessed for depressive traits, suicidal ideations, and NSSI. In Study 2, motivation for carrying out NSSI was also assessed. In both studies, depression predicted suicidal ideation and self‐criticism predicted NSSI. In Study 2, depression and suicidal ideation also predicted NSSI. The automatic positive motivation for NSSI was predicted by dependency and depressive symptoms, and by a two‐way interaction between self‐criticism and dependency. Consistent with the “self‐punishment model,” self‐criticism appears to constitute a dimension of vulnerability for NSSI.  相似文献   

    

Ying‐Chuan Wang MS  Ling‐Yu Hsieh MS  Ming‐Yu Wang MD  Cheng‐Hsiang Chou PhD  Min‐Wei Huang PhD  Huei‐Chen Ko PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2016,46(1):106-120

This randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of using crisis coping cards (n = 32) in the case management of suicide prevention compared with case management without the use of coping cards (n = 32) over a 3‐month intervention period. The generalized estimating equation was used to examine the interaction effect between treatments and time on suicide risk, depression, anxiety, and hopelessness. Results indicated that subsequent suicidal behaviors, severity of suicide risk, depression, anxiety, and hopelessness were reduced more in the coping card intervention group compared to the case management only group. Moreover, for the survival curves of time to suicide reattempt, the coping card group showed a significantly longer time to reattempt than the case management only group at 2‐month and 3‐month intervention periods.  相似文献   

Staying in the ‘sweet spot’: A resilience-based analysis of the lived experience of low-risk drinking and abstention among British youth     

Rebecca Graber  Richard de Visser  Charles Abraham  Anjum Memon  Angie Hart  Kate Hunt 《Psychology & health》2016,31(1):79-99

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Joseph Schachter MD  PhD 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2014,95(2):365-366

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Christopher John Hunt  Karen Gonsalkorale  Lisa Zadro 《European journal of social psychology》2014,44(7):723-729

The current study examined the impact of observing successful women being attacked on gender lines through reactions to gender‐based criticism directed towards Australia's first female Prime Minister, Julia Gillard. Australian undergraduate students completed a measure of conformity to gender norms and then read statements about either: (a) generic difficulties for leaders; or (b) statements about gender‐based difficulties experienced by Gillard. Results showed that, relative to those who read the generic article, female participants high on conformity to feminine norms displayed lower desire to be involved in politics after reading about Gillard's gender‐based difficulties, while low conformers showed greater desire to be involved in politics. For male participants, those high on conformity to masculine norms showed greater belief in their own leadership capabilities after reading about Gillard's gender‐based difficulties than when reading about generic difficulties, while low conforming men showed the opposite pattern. Implications for achieving gender equality are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Nigel E. Bush PhD  Steven K. Dobscha MD  Rosa Crumpton RN  Lauren M. Denneson PhD  Julia E. Hoffman PhD  Aysha Crain MSW CSWA  Risa Cromer MPhil  Julie T. Kinn PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(1):1-9

A “Hope Box” is a therapeutic tool employed by clinicians with patients who are having difficulty coping with negative thoughts and stress, including patients who may be at risk of suicide or nonsuicidal self‐harm. We conducted a proof‐of‐concept test of a “Virtual” Hope Box (VHB)—a smartphone app that delivers patient‐tailored coping tools. Compared with a conventional hope box integrated into VA behavioral health treatment, high‐risk patients and their clinicians used the VHB more regularly and found the VHB beneficial, useful, easy to set up, and said they were likely to use the VHB in the future and recommend the VHB to peers.  相似文献   

    

Sarah L. Fraser PhD  Dominique Geoffroy MA  Eduardo Chachamovich MD  PhD  Laurence J. Kirmayer MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(2):141-156

Inuit in Canada currently suffer from one of the highest rates of suicide in the world. The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence of suicide ideations and attempts among 15–24 year olds living in Nunavik, Québec, and to explore risk and protective factors of suicide attempts as a function of gender. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in 2004 across Nunavik. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted. A total of 22% of young males and 39% of females adults reported past suicidal attempts. Gender differences were observed in relation to associated risk and protective factors as well as degree of exposure to risk factors. Suicide prevention must include alcohol and drug prevention programs and rehabilitation services, interventions to reduce physical and sexual violence and their long‐term impacts on Inuit youth, as well as exposure to culturally meaningful activities.  相似文献   

    

Kerri L. Kim PhD  Thania Galvan BA  Megan E. Puzia BA  Grace K. Cushman BS  Karen E. Seymour PhD  Roshani Vanmali BS  Richard N. Jones ScD  Anthony Spirito PhD  Daniel P. Dickstein MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(1):37-50

To better delineate the unique correlates of self‐injurious behaviors (SIB), psychiatric profiles of mutually exclusive groups of adolescents who made a suicide attempt (SA) versus those engaged in nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) were examined. Contrary to hypotheses, the NSSI group endorsed earlier onsets of SIB and suicidal ideation (SI), as well as higher rates of depression and anxiety compared with their SA counterparts. Future work is warranted to understand the role of SI, including duration of SI and anxiety in the development of NSSI, and to identify risk and resiliency factors useful in predicting an adolescent's SIB status.  相似文献