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871.
R. Darin Ellis Thomas B. Jankowski Jarrod E. Jasper Balaji S. Tharuvai 《Behavior research methods》1998,30(4):573-582
Behavioral researchers have employed hypermedia-based software applications in their experiments for some time. More recently, interest in the World-Wide Web has developed among researchers in the social sciences, and popular use of this new medium continues to grow at an incredible rate. This paper describes Listener, a tool developed to log users’ hypermedia and World-Wide Web navigation behavior using Apple Macintosh computers in a laboratory setting. Listener is able to capture navigation actions through cached documents, overcoming some of the problems associated with analyzing standard web server logs. 相似文献
872.
In one computational model of hippocampal function, the entorhinal cortical input to CA1 is hypothesized to play a key role in the ability of CA1 to decode CA3 recodings. Here, we develop a modification of this CA1 decoder hypothesis that is applicable to several computational theories of hippocampal function, and then we electrophysiologically investigate one assumption of this new hypothesis. First, using biologically realistic estimates, we calculate that CA3-induced CA1 excitation is too high and that inhibition plausibly plays a role in this CA1 decoder model. Thus motivated, we turn to a physiological demonstration to substantiate the plausibility of the proposed mechanism. Using the rat hippocampal slice, we examine an interlaminar interaction between the distal perforant path input to hippocampal CA1 stratum moleculare and the more proximal Schaffer collateral input to stratum radiatum. Perforant path activation provides sufficient inhibition to block homosynaptic long-term potentiation elicited by a suitably strong stratum radiatum input. For this interlaminar interaction to be most effective, perforant path activation must both precede and follow Schaffer collateral activation. Perforant path-evoked inhibition in CA1 can thus serve as a viable mechanism in the learned decoder theory of hippocampal CA1. 相似文献
873.
Edward B. Rogers 《Mental health, religion & culture》2015,18(6):470-481
Religion and spirituality (R/S) can be powerful supports and provide important coping resources for individuals in recovery. Faith communities seem to offer many advantages for recovery-oriented support, but have rarely been the setting for empirically examined psychosocial rehabilitation efforts. This study describes the outcomes for individuals in Living Grace Groups (LGGs), a peer-led group intervention for mental illness that is based in churches and integrates R/S. Persons at all active LGGs were surveyed before and after participation using well-validated scales for recovery, psychiatric symptoms, and spirituality. LGGs attracted individuals with a broad range of persistent psychiatric difficulties, who described religion as important to them and rated the groups as very helpful. Participants reported improvements in recovery and spirituality as well as reductions in psychiatric symptoms. R/S-integrated support groups may improve care by increasing cultural match, as well as providing more access to recovery-oriented care by tapping the resources of faith communities. 相似文献
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Clément Planchou Sylvain Clément Renée Béland Nia Cason Jacques Motte Séverine Samson 《Advances in cognitive psychology / University of Finance and Management in Warsaw》2015,11(4):118-135
Background: Previous studies have reported that children score better in language
tasks using sung rather than spoken stimuli. We examined word detection ease in
sung and spoken sentences that were equated for phoneme duration and pitch
variations in children aged 7 to 12 years with typical language development
(TLD) as well as in children with specific language impairment (SLI ), and
hypothesized that the facilitation effect would vary with language abilities.
Method: In Experiment 1, 69 children with TLD (7–10 years old) detected words in
sentences that were spoken, sung on pitches extracted from speech, and sung on
original scores. In Experiment 2, we added a natural speech rate condition and
tested 68 children with TLD (7–12 years old). In Experiment 3, 16 children with
SLI and 16 age-matched children with TLD were tested in all four conditions.
Results: In both TLD groups, older children scored better than the younger ones.
The matched TLD group scored higher than the SLI group who scored at the level
of the younger children with TLD . None of the experiments showed a facilitation
effect of sung over spoken stimuli. Conclusions: Word detection abilities
improved with age in both TLD and SLI groups. Our findings are compatible with
the hypothesis of delayed language abilities in children with SLI , and are
discussed in light of the role of durational prosodic cues in words
detection. 相似文献