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151.
Although the pigeon is a popular model for studying visual perception, relatively little is known about its perception of motion. Three experiments examined the pigeons’ ability to capture a moving stimulus. In Experiment 1, the effect of manipulating stimulus speed and the length of the stimulus was examined using a simple rightward linear motion. This revealed a clear effect of length on capture and speed on errors. Errors were mostly anticipatory and there appeared to be two processes contributing to response locations: anticipatory peck bias and lag time. Using the same birds as Experiment 1, Experiment 2 assessed transfer of tracking and capture to novel linear motions. The birds were able to capture other motion directions, but they displayed a strong rightward peck bias, indicating that they had learned to peck to the right of the stimulus in Experiment 1. Experiment 3 used the same task as Experiment 2 but with naïve birds. These birds did not show the rightward bias in pecking and instead pecked more evenly around the stimulus. The combined results indicate that the pigeon can engage in anticipatory tracking and capture of a moving stimulus, and that motion properties and training experience influence capture. 相似文献
152.
Much research has investigated spatial cognition in mammals and birds. Evidence suggests that the hippocampus plays a critical
role in this; however, reptiles do not possess a hippocampus. It has been proposed that the reptilian medial cortex plays
a similar role, yet little behavioral research has directly investigated this. Consequently, this study examined the role
of extramaze cues in spatial navigation by the red-footed tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria) using an eight-arm radial maze. In Experiment 1 the maze was surrounded by a black curtain on which geometrical shapes were
attached. After the tortoise reached above-chance performance we introduced test sessions in which the cues were removed.
Performance was unaffected by cue removal. The tortoise appeared to have developed a “turn-by-one-arm” strategy. In a second
experiment the curtain was removed and the tortoise was allowed access to a rich-cue environment. The use of the turn-by-one-arm
strategy was significantly reduced and the tortoise appeared to be using the extramaze cues to navigate around the apparatus.
This type of response-based strategy, and the specific contexts in which it was used, has not been observed in mammals and
birds, suggesting that the mechanisms served by the reptilian medial cortex do not parallel exactly those of the hippocampus. 相似文献
153.
Eleanor Wilkinson 《Emotion, Space and Society》2009,2(1):36-43
Studies of emotion and activism have often attempted to uncover ‘the emotions most relevant to politics’ (Goodwin et al., 2001). This suggests that only certain feelings are productive for activism, while other emotions have less relevance for activist theory and practice. In this paper I ask if the notion of politically ‘relevant’ emotions helps perpetuate a distinction between what is considered political and what is not. This paper builds upon a case study in which I interviewed self-identified queer-activists about their experiences of autonomous activism. These interviews reveal how the everyday emotions surrounding the ‘personal’ politics of sexuality/intimacy are often seen as either less important, a distraction from, or entirely irrelevant to ‘real’ political issues. Ultimately, I want to challenge attempts to neatly separate our intimate lives from the public sphere of activism. I argue that it can never just be a matter of politics and emotion, but also the politics of emotion (Ahmed, 2004). Therefore we should not just assume that emotions matter for resistance - without first realizing the importance of resisting these hierarchies of emotion. 相似文献
154.
155.
Harvey Krahn Tracey Derwing Marlene Mulder Lori Wilkinson 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2000,1(1):59-84
This study explores issues of access to high-status occupations in the Canadian labour market, with particular emphasis on
refugees who were in professional or managerial positions prior to their arrival in Canada. The study is based on interviews
with a sample of 525 adult refugees who were initially resettled in the province of Alberta between 1992 and 1997. About two
thirds of the respondents came from former Yugoslavia, the remainder from countries in the Middle East, Central America, Africa,
and Southeast Asia. Despite the generally high educational attainment of these refugees, the results show that they experience,
much higher rates of unemployment, part-time employment, and temporary employment than do Canadian-born individuals. A variety
of structural factors operating in a segmented Canadian labour market help to explain the downward mobility of these highly
qualified refugees. The policy implications of these results are examined in detail. 相似文献
156.
Sam Wilkinson 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2020,19(4):801-801
The original version of this article unfortunately has missing statement in the Acknowledgments section. 相似文献
157.
Wilkinson Krista M. Rosenquist Celia McIlvane William J. 《The Psychological record》2009,59(2):187-205
The Psychological Record - We evaluated formation of simple symbolic categories from initial learning of specific dictated word-picture relations through emergence of untaught or derived relations.... 相似文献
158.
159.
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences - I argue for an overlooked distinction between perceptual presence and volumetric content, and flesh it out in terms of predictive processing. Within the... 相似文献
160.