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231.
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Eighty-four male and 84 female subjects, divided into high, moderate, and low groups on the basis of sex-role stereotyping, watched videotapes of two-person interactions where positive and negative assertive messages were sent by male and female actors to male and female receivers. Subjects rated the level of assertion and the social acceptability of each message. Results indicated that while all messages were rated as relatively assertive, negative messages were perceived as more assertive and less socially acceptable than positive ones. Subjects also rated male senders as more assertive than female senders when the message type was role inappropriate for the subjects but rated female senders as relatively more assertive when the message type was role appropriate for them. Messages from female senders were rated as more socially acceptable than messages from male senders. Finally, messages to male receivers were rated as more acceptable than messages to females, especially by male subjects when the sender was male. Thus, both sex-role stereotypes and situational expectations appear to influence perceptions of level of assertion, and more assertive messages are perceived as less socially appropriate. 相似文献
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Current parent–adolescent behavioral interaction research highlights the importance of three elements of behavior in defining
adaptive interactions: autonomy, control, and warmth vs. hostility. However, this research has largely addressed the developmental
needs and psychosocial outcomes of adolescents, as opposed to parents, with a focus on how parent and adolescent behaviors
influence adolescent adaptation. This paper utilizes both adolescent and mid-life developmental research, as well as parent–adolescent
interaction research, to introduce a model for conceptualizing parent–adolescent interactions as a transactional process in
which both parental and adolescent development are considered. Further, ideas are presented describing how adaptive parent–adolescent
interactions may change across adolescence. The concept of collaboration is proposed as a conceptual tool for assessing one
form of adaptive parent–adolescent interactions. The structural analysis of social behavior (SASB) is presented as a model
for studying the complex reciprocal processes that occur in parent–adolescent interpersonal processes. 相似文献
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Ashley N. Junghans-Rutelonis Julia R. Craner Chelsea M. Ale Cynthia Harbeck-Weber Philip R. Fischer Karen E. Weiss 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2018,25(4):471-484
Intensive pain rehabilitation programs are effective in increasing functioning for youth with chronic pain (CP). However, the utility of such programs for youth with CP and co-morbid postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is rarely examined. In addition, studies examining mediators of treatment for CP are sparse. This paper compares treatment outcomes for youth with CP (n?=?117) and youth with CP?+?POTS (n?=?118). Additionally, depression and pain catastrophizing were tested as potential mediators of treatment effects. Significant treatment improvements were found for functional disability, depression, pain catastrophizing, and perceived pain intensity but with no differences between groups. Improvements in depressed mood, pain catastrophizing (helplessness subscale), and pain severity partially mediated functioning improvement. Pain severity was not a significant mediator in the CP?+?POTS group. We concluded that depression and pain catastrophizing, especially the helplessness domain, can impact functioning improvement in adolescents with CP and POTS and are particularly important to target in treatment. 相似文献
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Selin C 《Science and engineering ethics》2011,17(4):723-737
The national-level scenarios project NanoFutures focuses on the social, political, economic, and ethical implications of nanotechnology,
and is initiated by the Center for Nanotechnology in Society at Arizona State University (CNS-ASU). The project involves novel
methods for the development of plausible visions of nanotechnology-enabled futures, elucidates public preferences for various
alternatives, and, using such preferences, helps refine future visions for research and outreach. In doing so, the NanoFutures
project aims to address a central question: how to deliberate the social implications of an emergent technology whose outcomes
are not known. The solution pursued by the NanoFutures project is twofold. First, NanoFutures limits speculation about the
technology to plausible visions. This ambition introduces a host of concerns about the limits of prediction, the nature of plausibility, and how
to establish plausibility. Second, it subjects these visions to democratic assessment by a range of stakeholders, thus raising
methodological questions as to who are relevant stakeholders and how to activate different communities so as to engage the
far future. This article makes the dilemmas posed by decisions about such methodological issues transparent and therefore
articulates the role of plausibility in anticipatory governance. 相似文献
240.
MELANIE M. DOMENECH RODRÍGUEZ PH.D. MELISSA R. DONOVICK M.S. SUSAN L. CROWLEY PH.D. To read this article in Spanish please see this article's Supporting Information on Wiley InterScience . 《Family process》2009,48(2):195-210
Current literature presents four primary parenting styles: authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful. These styles provide an important shortcut for a constellation of parenting behaviors that have been characterized as consisting of warmth, demandingness, and autonomy granting. Empirically, only warmth and demandingness are typically measured. Research reporting on parenting styles in Latino samples has been equivocal leading to questions about conceptualization and measurement of parenting styles in this ethnic/cultural group. This lack of consensus may result from the chasm between concepts (e.g., authoritarian parenting) and observable parenting behaviors (e.g., warmth) in this ethnic group. The present research aimed to examine parenting styles and dimensions in a sample of Latino parents using the two usual dimensions (warmth, demandingness) and adding autonomy granting. Traditional parenting styles categories were examined, as well as additional categorizations that resulted from adding autonomy granting. Fifty first-generation Latino parents and their child (aged 4–9) participated. Parent–child interactions were coded with the Parenting Style Observation Rating Scale (P-SOS). In this sample, the four traditional parenting categories did not capture Latino families well. The combination of characteristics resulted in eight possible parenting styles. Our data showed the majority (61%) of Latino parents as "protective parents." Further, while mothers and fathers were similar in their parenting styles, expectations were different for male and female children. The additional dimensions and implications are discussed. The importance of considering the cultural context in understanding parenting in Latino families is emphasized, along with directions for future research. 相似文献