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71.
“The Cancer Bond”: Exploring the Formation of Cancer Risk Perception in Families with Lynch Syndrome
Aunchalee E. L. Palmquist Laura M. Koehly Susan K. Peterson Margarette Shegog Sally W. Vernon Ellen R. Gritz 《Journal of genetic counseling》2010,19(5):473-486
This study explores the social context of hereditary cancer risk perception in three families, an African-American family,
a Mexican-American family, and a Caucasian family, each with Lynch Syndrome documented by a mismatch repair gene mutation.
Communication network assessments measured family communication about cancer experiences and genetic testing information among
a total of 26 participants. Participant narratives were evaluated to gain insight into how family cancer experiences and genetic
testing information have shaped perceptions of cancer risk. Analysis of communication networks indicated that some families
discussed cancer experiences to a greater extent than genetic testing information, and vice-versa. Interviews elucidated that
sharing both types of health information led participants to conceptualize linkages among a strong family history of cancer,
genetic testing information, and cancer prevention strategies. Understanding how different types of family communication influence
the formation of perceived hereditary disease risk may enhance efforts to tailor genetic counseling services for families. 相似文献
72.
73.
Although sport access for females has greatly improved, certain behaviors continue to be considered more or less appropriate
for females depending upon how compatible they are with biologically or socially constructed female characteristics. However,
young women who have grown up playing sports and continue participation at the college level have constructed meanings about
being a young woman and an athlete. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed to investigate how seven gymnasts
and seven softball players competing in NCAA Division I athletics view and contend with a “female/athlete paradox.” These
women recognized preferred femininity and at times constructed images based on this notion. However, they also embraced their
athleticism and felt at ease choosing not to perform femininity in some contexts. 相似文献
74.
The purpose of this study was to expand the current literature on word definitions by focusing on definitions of idioms provided
by several age groups. Preadolescents, young adolescents, older adolescents, and adults wrote definitions for 10 frequently
used idioms and also rated their familiarity with the idiomatic expressions. Participants’ definitions were scored based on
the degree to which their definitions reflected use of critical elements (determined by a standard dictionary of idioms),
use of examples or related/associated concepts, and errors. Significant age differences were found in both idiom familiarity
and idiom definition tasks: both idiom familiarity and definitional skill improved with age. In addition, we found a positive
correlation between idiom familiarity and idiom definition. Results are discussed with respect to age-related changes in definitional
response types and understanding of figurative language. 相似文献
75.
The authors evaluated an application of social cognitive theory principles intended to increase adherence to a problem-solving intervention. The study included 132 adult volunteers who wanted to reduce their distress levels. All participants received group training in problem-solving methods. Before attempting to solve at least 1 distressing problem in their lives over the next 3 weeks, participants were randomly assigned to either (a) a modeling with vicarious reinforcement condition in which they received 3 personal anecdotes written by individuals who had successfully applied problem-solving methods to a real problem or (b) a control condition in which they received a fact sheet about problem solving. Word counts of problem-solving writing, self-reports of adherence, and observer ratings of adherence showed that participants in the vicarious reinforcement condition demonstrated significantly higher adherence than did those in the control condition. These results provide support for the effectiveness of symbolic modeling and vicarious reinforcement in increasing adherence to problem-solving methods by individuals who want to decrease their distress. 相似文献
76.
Lamond N Jay SM Dorrian J Ferguson SA Roach GD Dawson D 《Behavior research methods》2008,40(1):347-352
In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of a 5-min personal digital assistant-psychomotor vigilance test (PDA-PVT) to severe sleep loss. Twenty-one participants completed a 10-min PVT-192 and a 5-min PDA-PVT at two hourly intervals during 62 h of sustained wakefulness. For both tasks, response speed and number of lapses (RTs > 500) per minute significantly increased with increasing hours of wakefulness. Overall, standardized response speed scores on the 5-min PDA-PVT closely tracked those of the PVT-192; however, the PDA-PVT was generally associated with more lapses/minute. Closer inspection of the data indicated that when the level of sleep loss and fatigue became more severe (i.e., Day 3), the 5-min PDA-PVT was not quite as sensitive as the 10-min PVT-192 when 2- to 10-sec foreperiods were used for both. It is likely, however, that the observed differences between the two devices was due to differences in task length. Thus, the findings provide further evidence of the validity of the 5-min PDA-PVT as a substitute for the 10-min PVT-192, particularly in circumstances in which a shorter test is required and/or the PVT-192 is not as practical. 相似文献
77.
Thomas S. Skovholt Sally M. Hage Mera M. Kachgal Elizabeth Pinheiro Gama 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2007,85(2):216-226
During her 45‐year career, Sunny Hansen was a pioneer and innovator in counseling and career development. She has lived the holistic life about which she writes and teaches. In this interview, she discussed the major influences on her life, the evolution of her professional career from English and journalism teacher to counselor and counselor educator, and her teaching and scholarship. She also shared her insights on balancing life roles, holistic life planning, and the counselor as a change agent. 相似文献
78.
Sally K. Gallagher 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2007,46(2):169-183
Based on observations and interviews in two churches representing two different strands of American Protestantism, I assess the ways in which children contribute to the social construction of class, culture, and religious identity for adults. Evidence comes from observing how congregations incorporate children into adult worship services and talk about them in texts and programs, and from the ways in which newer and long-term congregation members describe valuing and understanding children's ministries. These styles and their meanings reflect the history, heritage, and theological distinctives of these two strands of American Protestantism. Religion, I suggest, is not just good for children; children themselves are a religious resource whose presence in worship, service, and discourse helps to create and maintain a sense of identity, place, and meaning in the lives of worshipping adults. 相似文献
79.
Sally A. Linkenauger Jessica K. Witt Jonathan Z. Bakdash Jeanine K. Stefanucci Dennis R. Proffitt 《Psychological science》2009,20(11):1373-1380
ABSTRACT— Perception of one's body is related not only to the physical appearance of the body, but also to the neural representation of the body. The brain contains many body maps that systematically differ between right- and left-handed people. In general, the cortical representations of the right arm and right hand tend to be of greater area in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere for right-handed people, whereas these cortical representations tend to be symmetrical across hemispheres for left-handers. We took advantage of these naturally occurring differences and examined perceived arm length in right- and left-handed people. When looking at each arm and hand individually, right-handed participants perceived their right arms and right hands to be longer than their left arms and left hands, whereas left-handed participants perceived both arms accurately. These experiments reveal a possible relationship between implicit body maps in the brain and conscious perception of the body. 相似文献
80.