The role of structural characteristics in video-game play motivation: a Q-methodology study

Until recently, there has been very little naturalistic study of what gaming experiences are like, and how gaming fits into people's lives. Using a recently developed structural characteristic taxonomy of video games, this study examined the psycho-structural elements of computer games that motivate gamers to play them. Using Q-Sort methodology, 40 gamers participated in an online Q-sort task. Results identified six distinct types of gamers based on the factors generated: (a) story-driven solo gamers; (b) social gamers; (c) solo limited gamers; (d) hardcore online gamers; (e) solo control/identity gamers; and (f?) casual gamers. These gaming types are discussed, and a brief evaluation of similar and unique elements of the different types of gamer is also offered. The current study shows Q-methodology to be a relevant and applicable method in the psychological research of gaming.     

解读曼殊五部曲

苏曼殊是清末民初萃集革命与刨作于一身的“奇人异僧”。从革命的角度说,他意志坚定,积极投身于孙中山领导的资产阶级民主革命,为推翻清朝统治和袁世凯帝制尽心竭力;从创作的角度说,他多才多艺,以风格独特的诗歌、小说、散、翻译、绘画树帜坛,赢得生前和身后无数读的击节和赞赏;从身份的角度说,他是个亦僧亦俗、亦侠亦儒的革命和艺家。他曾获得的桂冠大体停留在不大反映本质的“诗僧”、“情僧”、“风流和尚”、“革命和尚”等一类称号上,然而随着这位传奇的历史人物的“真面目”越来越清晰呈现于世,而不再继续充当人们揣测的对象。     

注重检验专业学生在微生物检验实习中临床沟通能力的培养

临床检验专业已成为独立的学科,微生物检验对临床抗感染合理用药具有指导意义.微生物检验实习生需通过完善知识结构,强化专业技术实践,加强临床合作,积极参与病例讨论,加强师生之间沟通,以及沟通技巧的学习,促进临床沟通能力的培养.     

Perceptions of Organisational Subculture and their Significance for Organisational Commitment

Cet article examine la relation entre les styles de leadership, l’implication et la perception des cultures et subcultures organisationnelles. L’impact de la culture et du style de leadership sur l’implication a déjàété envisagé, mais on manque d’informations sur les relations que les différents types de culture et de styles de leadership entretiennent avec l’implication. L’article est centré sur la notion de subculture organisationnelle et la façon dont la perception de ces cultures rejaillit sur l’implication, la subculture étant une variable négligée dans la littérature sur l’implication. Cette question fut abordée dans une enquête portant sur 258 infirmières relevant de divers secteurs hospitaliers de l’agglomération de Sydney. Les résultats indiquent que la subculture organisationnelle perçue est forcement reliée à l’implication. On précise en outre la force du lien existant entre l’implication et les différents types de leadership et de subculture. Les subcultures innovantes et centrées sur les personnes bénéficient d’une relation nettement positive tandis que les subcultures bureaucratiques souffrent d’une relation négative. Pour ce qui est des styles de leadership, un style centré sur les relations présente un lien plus fort avec l’implication qu’un style centré sur la tâche. Une analyse de régression a permis d’étudier l’éventuel rôle médiateur de la subculture dans l’influence du leadership sur l’implication. Le leadership a des effets à la fois directs et indirects sur l’implication. On traite finalement des retombées sur la pratique et les recherches à venir. This paper investigates the relationship between perceptions of organisational culture, organisational subculture, leadership style, and commitment. The impact of culture and leadership style on commitment has been previously noted, but there is a lack of detail regarding how different types of culture and leadership styles relate to commitment. The paper particularly addresses the notion of organisational subcultures and how the perception of those cultures relates to commitment, subculture being a neglected variable in the commitment literature. These issues were addressed in a survey of 258 nurses drawn from a range of hospital settings and wards within the Sydney metropolitan region. Results indicate that perceived organisational subculture has a strong relationship with commitment. Furthermore, the results identify the relative strength of specific types of leadership style and specific types of subculture with commitment. Both innovative and supportive subcultures have a clear positive relationship, while bureaucratic subcultures have a negative relationship. In terms of leadership style, a consideration style had a stronger relationship with commitment than a structuring style. Regression analysis was used to investigate the possible role of subculture as a mediator for the influence of leadership on commitment. Both direct and indirect effects of leadership on commitment were found. Implications for practice and for further research are discussed.