A Glimpse Into the Lives of Nine Youths in a Correctional Facility: Insight Into Theories of Delinquency

Theories explaining delinquency have been examined primarily using quantitative methods. The current study used interviews to gain insight into the lives of delinquent male adolescents. Results indicate that no single theory best explains delinquency, but a combination of theories provides comprehensive representation.     

WHAT IS PURE,WHAT IS GOOD? DISINTERESTEDNESS IN FÉNELON AND KANT

Two philosophers, Robert Spaemann and Henri Gouhier, have identified a similarity between Fénelon and Kant in the prominence of motive in their thought: disinterestedness in Fénelon's pure love and in Kant's good will . Spaemann emphasizes their common detaching of the ethical in terms of motivation from the context of happiness. In this article I explore further similarities and differences under the topics of perfectionism, pure love, good will, happiness, and disinterestedness, as these are pertinent to their thought. On perfectionism there appears a stark contrast; on pure love over against good will, on happiness, and on disinterestedness, however, there seems a balance between likenesses and differences. Finally I point out a qualification set on pure love by Fénelon and on the good will by Kant.     

Research Competencies in Counseling: A Delphi Study

Research quality has become the focus of a nationwide discussion, one from which the counseling field is not exempt. One hindrance to improving counseling research is the lack of guidelines for research competence. The purpose of this study was to develop an initial list of research competencies for the counseling field using the Delphi method. An expert panel of counseling researchers reached consensus on 159 research competencies. Suggestions for implementation and future research are discussed.     

Differentiation of Self Mediates College Stress and Adjustment

Differentiation of self involves the capacity to modulate affect, maintain a clear sense of self, and balance intimacy and autonomy in significant relationships. Given the central role of family relationships for individual functioning, the authors tested whether differentiation mediated or moderated relations between college stress and personal adjustment. Differentiation of self partially mediated effects of academic and financial stress and exerted a direct influence on adjustment. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for counseling are discussed.     

Using Gender Role Conflict Theory in Counseling Male‐to‐Female Transgender Individuals

Ignoring gender socialization while counseling transgender clients neglects a significant aspect of the transgender experience. To address this, the authors review the literature on gender role conflict (GRC) theory as it pertains to the transgender experience of biological males whose authentic self is female. They explore the main types of distress experienced by transgender individuals, detail the therapeutic process using a GRC theory perspective, specify how GRC applies to transgender individuals, and suggest ways to work with this population.     

THE INFLUENCE OF SEXUALLY VIOLENT RAP MUSIC ON ATTITUDES OF MEN WITH LITTLE PRIOR EXPOSURE

This article is among the first to focus on commercially available, sexually violent rap music, so-called "gangsta" rap (GR) and its influence on attitudes toward women. Collegiate males with little experience with GR were exposed to GR music, lyrics, both, or neither. Thus the effect of GR music and lyrics were isolated from each other and from acculturation to GR. Collapsing across all attitude measures, neither lyrics alone nor lyrics with music resulted in significantly more negative attitudes toward women than music-only or no-treatment control conditions. Participants in the lyrics conditions had significantly greater adversarial sexual beliefs than no-lyrics participants, however.