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61.
Weizhen Xie 《Cognition & emotion》2018,32(4):674-690
Although memories are more retrievable if observers’ emotional states are consistent between encoding and retrieval, it is unclear whether the consistency of emotional states increases the likelihood of successful memory retrieval, the precision of retrieved memories, or both. The present study tested visual long-term memory for everyday objects while consistent or inconsistent emotional contexts between encoding and retrieval were induced using background grey-scale images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). In the study phase, participants remembered colours of sequentially presented objects in a negative (Experiment 1a) or positive (Experiment 2a) context. In the test phase, participants estimated the colours of previously studied objects in either negative versus neutral (Experiment 1a) or positive versus neutral (Experiment 2a) contexts. Note, IAPS images in the test phase were always visually different from those initially paired with the studied objects. We found that reinstating negative context and positive context at retrieval resulted in better mnemonic precision and a higher probability of successful retrieval, respectively. Critically, these effects could not be attributed to a negative or positive context at retrieval alone (Experiments 1b and 2b). Together, these findings demonstrated dissociable effects of emotion on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of visual long-term memory retrieval. 相似文献
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Falcone DC Wood EM Xie SX Siderowf A Van Deerlin VM 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(4):384-395
The most common genetic contributor to late-onset Parkinson disease (PD) is the LRRK2 gene. In order to effectively integrate LRRK2 genetic testing into clinical practice, a strategy tailored to the PD population must be developed. We assessed 168 individuals
with PD for baseline knowledge of genetics, perceived risk, and interest and opinions regarding genetic counseling and testing.
Most participants felt that they were familiar with general genetics terms but overall knowledge levels were low, with an
average score of 55%. The majority of participants thought it was likely they inherited a PD gene (72%), believed genetic
testing for PD would be useful (86%), and were interested in genetic testing (59%) and genetic counseling (56%). However,
only a few participants had heard of any genetic tests for PD (29%) or LRRK2 (10%). There appears to be a significant level of interest in genetics and genetic testing within the PD population, but
a considerable deficit in genetics knowledge and an over-estimation of risk. Genetic education and counseling tools to address
these needs were developed to provide patients with the ability to make informed and knowledgeable genetic testing decisions. 相似文献
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职业自我效能感是影响个体职业发展的重要心理因素。在开放式问卷调查和文献研究的基础上,初步建构了农民工职业自我效能感的结构。对155人样本数据的探索性因素分析和对146人样本数据的验证性因素分析的结果支持了农民工的职业自我效能感包括职业胜任自我效能感、职业关系自我效能感、职业学习与发展自我效能感、职业问题解决自我效能感四个因素的建构。对农民工职业自我效能感问卷的信度与效度的检验显示,问卷的信度与效度能够达到心理测量的基本要求,可以作为农民工职业自我效能感的测量工具。 相似文献
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检验了情绪的效价和确定性评价对个体的信息加工策略选择的影响及其心理机制。结果表明,情绪效价对个体的信息加工方式的影响会受到情绪确定性评价的调节。高确定评价的情绪中,积极情绪的被试更倾向于采用启发式加工,消极情绪的被试更倾向于采用系统式加工。积极情绪中,高确定评价情绪的被试更倾向于采用启发式加工,低确定评价情绪的被试更倾向于采用系统式加工。当个体对自己产生情绪的原因进行合理归因后,情绪效价和确定性评价对个体信息加工方式的影响效应都消失了,说明情绪的效价和确定性评价均以信息的方式对对个体信息加工策略的选择产生影响。 相似文献
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关于异种器官移植的问题 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
谢蜀生 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》1999,20(2):17-19
随着器官移植的广泛开展,器官短缺的问题日渐突出,80年代末起异种器官移植的应用引起人们的重视,并形成热潮。但研究表明,克服异种移植排斥非易事,异种器官移植可能引起的病毒性疾病的传播,以及异种器官分子不相容性造成的种属屏障,都使异种器官移植的前景难料。 相似文献
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Qiaobing Wu Bin Xie Chih-Ping Chou Paula H. Palmer Peggy E. Gallaher C. Anderson Johnson 《American journal of community psychology》2010,45(1-2):1-16
Using data from an ongoing longitudinal study of 5,164 adolescents and their parents from seven cities in mainland China, this study investigated how social capital embedded in the family and the community, together with family human capital and financial capital, influenced the depressive symptoms of urban Chinese adolescents within an integrative framework. The structural equation modeling results suggested that higher community social capital was associated with lower level of adolescent depressive symptoms and was the strongest predictor among all these contextual factors. Family social capital played a significant role in mediating the effects of all other contextual factors on adolescent depressive symptoms. Unexpectedly, higher family financial capital predicted increased depressive symptoms both directly and indirectly through its negative effect on family social capital. As for gender, female adolescents reported more depressive symptoms as a result of less available family social capital. Implications of these findings for theory, practice, policy, and future research are discussed. 相似文献