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241.
Science and Engineering Ethics - Empirical studies have suggested that language-capable robots have the persuasive power to shape the shared moral norms based on how they respond to human norm... 相似文献
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检验共同方法偏差(CMB)已经成为心理学实证研究中的一个环节。本文从数学模型角度分析方法变异(CMV)的影响,并讨论了CMB常用的检验法——Harman单因子法、控制未测量的潜在方法因子(ULMC)法、验证性因子分析(CFA)标签变量法的检验力。Harman单因子法检验力很低,ULMC法检验力中等,CFA标签变量法检验力虽然较高但问题也不少。提出一个好的检验法应当满足的三个特点:符合CMV的数学模型、评价标准不受非CMV来源的影响、对CMV、CMB的变化敏感。最后给出CMB检验的建议。 相似文献
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元认知是对认知的认知,包含认知的各个方面,近年来元认知与面部认知的结合开始得到关注。两者结合切入点包括元认知错觉(达克效应和自我中心偏见)在面部认知中的适用性,以及面部认知现象(异族效应和熟悉度优势)在元认知中的适用性。研究方法根据测量时间点和评估对象的选取而各有侧重。当前研究尚停留在元认知监测层面,未来可扩展至面部认知的元认知控制、与机器学习结合等方向,为理解面部认知提供新角度,扩展其应用价值。 相似文献
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元刻板印象是指个体关于外群体成员对其所属群体(内群体)所持刻板印象的信念,这一社会认知领域中新的概念属于元知觉的范畴.社会认知心理学家发现元刻板印象是影响群体间关系的重要因素,有关此方面的研究成为国外社会认知领域研究中的新动向,本文介绍了近年来国外有关元刻板印象的最新研究成果. 相似文献
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Some recent evidence has suggested that perspective taking skills in everyday life situations may differ across cultural groups. In the present study, we investigated this effect via culture priming in a group of Chinese-English bilingual adults in the context of a communication game. Results showed that the participants made more perspective taking errors when interpreting the game instruction under the Western than the Chinese primes. The findings suggest that the ability to assume others' mental states not only can be used strategically but is also influenced by the currently active cultural frame in the mind of the bilingual. The present study provides the first evidence for a cultural effect on perspective taking using a within-sample approach via culture priming. 相似文献
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Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have gotten different results as to whether processing speed can explain the aging of cognitive functions. Experimental analyses are needed to develop further evidence. To explore the relationship between speed and working memory in cognitive aging, processing speed intervention is conducted in the present study. Utilizing paper–pencil training, computer training, and a control group, 78 adults aged 58–83?years from Beijing participated in a speed intervention study. After 5?weeks of training, there were substantial training gains on two speed tests in two training groups, but no transfer effect on working memory was found. Discussion: The results fail to support the view that processing speed is a foundation of working memory for aging. The aging of working memory may depend more on an executive attention component. 相似文献
250.
Jia Li Wen Huang Shiyu Luo Yunting Lin Ranhui Duan 《Journal of genetic counseling》2013,22(6):733-740
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability. However, genetic testing protocols and genetic counseling guidelines for FXS are not yet established in mainland China. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using a self-administered questionnaire among students at the Xiangya medical school to investigate their attitude towards genetic testing and counseling issues of FXS. We have gained a general understanding of the attitudes of medical students towards these FXS issues in China. This information is of immense importance to develop appropriate genetic tests and to train counselors for FXS. As the medical school students surveyed are prospective physicians who will be a part of the Chinese health system, our survey was focused on the basic knowledge of FXS, population-based FXS screening, confidentiality and reproductive options for mutation carriers. The study demonstrated that only less than one third of the participants had heard about FXS. 94.6 % of participants were in favor of FXS screening for women in their reproductive age who had a genetic history of FXS. Furthermore, only half of the participants would inform their families about their genetic status in case of positive test results, and more than half of the participants supported natural conception and prenatal diagnosis for FXS mutation carriers. Additional findings and research implications are also discussed. This survey targeting potential doctors provides important information for the development of FXS genetic test and counselor training for the Chinese health system. 相似文献