排序方式: 共有74条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
公元7世纪,印度佛教传入西藏,印度佛教的僧侣服饰"三衣"[1]也随之进入西藏,受西藏本土宗教与高寒气候环境的影响,三衣在藏地本土化过程中形成了独特的"曲贵"[2]形制,这也应验了佛祖释迦牟尼所言:"传播佛法要适应当时当地的情况。"[3]曲贵在质地与服用要求上保留了印度法衣的特质,但在形制与穿着方式上进行了自身语义的表述。 相似文献
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量化与统计分析,是一项重要的研究方法。这一方法在犯罪心理学研究中得到了广泛运用,同时也存在着使用的局限性。犯罪人有很强的心理掩饰性,对包括犯罪人在内的人的心理的测量实际上是一种间接测量,测得的数据是心理学家标定的数据,兼有客观性与主观性。量化研究如果不与科学思维相结合,有可能得出浅薄平庸甚至错误的结论。心理学研究应当以"人性"为基点,多种方法综合运用,实现量化方法与非量化方法的有机结合。 相似文献
33.
Mou W McNamara TP Rump B Xiao C 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2006,32(6):1274-1290
Four experiments investigated the nature of spatial representations used in locomotion. Participants learned the layout of several objects and then pointed to the objects while blindfolded in 3 conditions: before turning (baseline), after turning to a new heading (updating), and after disorientation (disorientation). The internal consistency of pointing in the disorientation condition was relatively high and equivalent to that in the baseline and updating conditions, when the layout had salient intrinsic axes and the participants learned the locations of the objects on the periphery of the layout. The internal consistency of pointing was disrupted by disorientation when participants learned the locations of objects while standing amid them and the layout did not have salient intrinsic axes. It was also observed that many participants retrieved spatial relations after disorientation from the original learning heading. These results indicate that people form an allocentric representation of object-to-object spatial relations when they learn the layout of a novel environment and use that representation to locate objects around them. Egocentric representations may be used to locate objects when allocentric representations are not of high fidelity. 相似文献
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Intrinsic frames of reference in spatial memory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mou W McNamara TP 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2002,28(1):162-170
Three experiments investigated the frames of reference used in memory to represent the spatial structure of the environment. Participants learned the locations of objects in a room according to an intrinsic axis of the configuration; the axis was different from or the same as their viewing perspective. Judgments of relative direction using memory were most accurate for imagined headings parallel to the intrinsic axis, even when it differed from the viewing perspective, and there was no cost to learning the layout according to a nonegocentric axis. When the shape of the layout was bilaterally symmetric relative to the intrinsic axis of learning, novel headings orthogonal to that axis were retrieved more accurately than were other novel headings. These results indicate that spatial memories are defined with respect to intrinsic frames of reference, which are selected on the basis of egocentric experience and environmental cues. 相似文献
35.
Kristy vanMarle Felicia W. Chu Yi Mou Jin H. Seok Jeffrey Rouder David C. Geary 《Developmental science》2018,21(1)
Children's understanding of the quantities represented by number words (i.e., cardinality) is a surprisingly protracted but foundational step in their learning of formal mathematics. The development of cardinal knowledge is related to one or two core, inherent systems – the approximate number system (ANS) and the object tracking system (OTS) – but whether these systems act alone, in concert, or antagonistically is debated. Longitudinal assessments of 198 preschool children on OTS, ANS, and cardinality tasks enabled testing of two single‐mechanism (ANS‐only and OTS‐only) and two dual‐mechanism models, controlling for intelligence, executive functions, preliteracy skills, and demographic factors. Measures of both OTS and ANS predicted cardinal knowledge in concert early in the school year, inconsistent with single‐mechanism models. The ANS but not the OTS predicted cardinal knowledge later in the school year as well the acquisition of the cardinal principle, a critical shift in cardinal understanding. The results support a Merge model, whereby both systems initially contribute to children's early mapping of number words to cardinal value, but the role of the OTS diminishes over time while that of the ANS continues to support cardinal knowledge as children come to understand the counting principles. 相似文献
36.
Mou W Zhao M McNamara TP 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2007,33(1):145-154
Four experiments investigated the roles of layout geometry in the selection of intrinsic frames of reference in spatial memory. Participants learned the locations of objects in a room from 2 or 3 viewing perspectives. One view corresponded to the axis of bilateral symmetry of the layout, and the other view(s) was (were) nonorthogonal to the axis of bilateral symmetry. Judgments of relative direction using spatial memory were quicker for imagined headings parallel to the symmetric axis than for those parallel to the other viewing perspectives. This advantage disappeared when the symmetric axis was eliminated. Moreover, there was more consistency across participants in the selection of intrinsic axes when the layout contained an axis of bilateral symmetry than when it did not. These results indicate that the layout geometry affects the selection of intrinsic frames of reference supporting the intrinsic model of spatial memory proposed by W. Mou and T. P. McNamara (2002) and by A. L. Shelton and T. P. McNamara (2001). 相似文献
37.
Zhongjian Mou 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2007,2(2):206-218
From the modern point of view, the Daoist regimen culture in China is actually a kind of oriental bionomy. Although it is
less developed than the Western life sciences in terms of details and techniques, it has unique advantages in terms of its
comprehensive grasp and dynamic observation of life, as well as its emphasis on the development of life potentiality and on
the self adjustment and improvement of living bodies. Chen Yingning reestablished a Daoist bionomy through Xianxue 仙学 (Philosophy of Immortals) which involves religious faith, philosophy and sciences, leaving us a valuable legacy. To establish
a new bionomy system required by the modern society through learning from the Daoist bionomy, the academic circle has to seriously
explore the four issues: (1) at the level of faith, to turn the Daoist faith in deities and gods into a pursuit of ideal personality;
(2) with respect to the principles of regimen, to extend the dual cultivation into a kind of universal concept; (3) as with
the way of regimen, to learn from the regimen thought of Daoism and combine the inner cultivation with the outer one, and
static exercise with dynamic exercise; and (4) with regard to the ways of treatment of diseases, to combine the Daoist medicine
with the Western medicine.
Translated by Huang Deyuan from Wenshizhe 文史哲 (Journal of Literature, History and Philosophy), 2005, (2): 40–44 相似文献
38.
Mou W Li X McNamara TP 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2008,34(2):415-421
In 5 experiments, the authors examined the perceptual and cognitive processes used to track the locations of objects during locomotion. Participants learned locations of 9 objects on the outer part of a turntable from a single viewpoint while standing in the middle of the turntable. They subsequently pointed to objects while facing the learning heading and a new heading, using imagined headings that corresponded to their current actual body heading and the other actual heading. Participants in 4 experiments were asked to imagine that the objects moved with them as they turned and were shown or only told that the objects would move with them; in Experiment 5, participants were shown that objects could move with them but were asked to ignore this as they turned. Results showed that participants tracked object locations as though the objects moved with them when shown but not when told about the consequences of their locomotion. Once activated, this processing mode could not be suppressed by instructions. Results indicated that people process object locations in a body- or an environment-stabilized manner during locomotion, depending on the perceptual consequences of locomotion. 相似文献
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Danielle M. Lubyk Marcia L. Spetch Ruojing Zhou Jeffrey Pisklak Weimin Mou 《Animal cognition》2013,16(4):565-581
Although geometric reorientation has been extensively studied in numerous species, most research has been conducted in enclosed environments and has focused on use of the geometric property of relative wall length. The current studies investigated how angular information is used by adult humans and pigeons to orient and find a goal in enclosures or arrays that did not provide relative wall length information. In enclosed conditions, the angles formed a diamond shape connected by walls, whereas in array conditions, free-standing angles defined the diamond shape. Adult humans and pigeons were trained to locate two geometrically equivalent corners, either the 60° or 120° angles. Blue feature panels were located in the goal corners so that participants could use either the features or the local angular information to orient. Subsequent tests in manipulated environments isolated the individual cues from training or placed them in conflict with one another. In both enclosed and array environments, humans and pigeons were able to orient when either the angles or the features from training were removed. On conflict tests, female, but not male, adult humans weighted features more heavily than angular geometry. For pigeons, angles were weighted more heavily than features for birds that were trained to go to acute corners, but no difference in weighting was seen for birds trained to go to obtuse corners. These conflict test results were not affected by environment type. A subsequent test with pigeons ruled out an interpretation based on exclusive use of a principal axis rather than angle. Overall, the results indicate that, for both adult humans and pigeons, angular amplitude is a salient orientation cue in both enclosures and arrays of free-standing angles. 相似文献