非球面人工晶状体临床应用的启示

非球面人工晶状体是波前像差技术与现代白内障手术完美结合的产物,也是多学科联合发展的结果.非球面人工晶状体较传统球面人工晶状体可明显改善白内障患者的视功能.倘若能实现个体化设计,非球面人工晶状体有望取代球面人工晶状体成为人工晶状体的主流.     

甲状旁腺功能低下症治疗中几个问题的商榷

甲状旁腺功能低下症越来越常见,对该病的认识和对治疗的思考历经了几个阶段.在治疗方法的选择中,对矛盾的研究和解决反映出相应的哲学思想,体现出创新是继承和发展的辩证统一.在科学研究中,要善于应用哲学思想来指导实际工作,以达到事半功倍的效果.只有重点加强这方面的教育,才能培养出新世纪的合格医学人才.     

联合预防阿尔茨海默病与缺血性脑卒中的构想

阿尔茨海默病（AD）与缺血性脑卒中（IS）是中枢神经系统常见的两种高发病率和高致残率疾病。传统观点认为这两种疾病的病因、发病机制、病理生理以及临床表现均截然不同,长期以来它们的预防工作是分别展开的。随着 AD 研究的不断深化,AD 与 IS 之间的共性也不断增多,AD 可能与 IS 有着共同的血管相关发病机制以及相似的预防措施。为此,结合近年来 AD 血管机制领域的研究进展,提出 AD 与 IS 联合预防的新概念,并探讨了最佳的开始时间和预防策略。     

Magnetic-field dependence of nucleation undercoolings in non-magnetic metallic melts

The nucleation undercoolings of non-magnetic metals like paramagnetic aluminium in high magnetic fields were measured by the differential thermal analysis technique. It was shown that the nucleation undercooling of pure aluminium increased with increasing the magnetic field, while its melting temperature was hardly changed. Based on the model of magnetic dipoles at the interface, it is proposed that the magnetic-field-induced interfacial energy mainly contributes to the increase in undercooling. The change in undercooling in the magnetic field is calculated theoretically, which is in comparison with experimental data. Additionally, the inhibition of atom diffusion in the magnetic field plays a role in the change of undercooling.     

Tuning the structure of MoO3 nanoplates via MoS2 oxidation

Orthorhombic phase MoO₃ (α-MoO₃) nanoplates were synthesized by oxidizing MoS₂ nanoplates in air at 300?°C, while α-MoO₃ microplates were achieved by directly evaporating MoO₃ powders at 800?°C. Much thinner α-MoO₃ nanoplates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and micro Raman spectroscopy. This experiment may provide a pathway to the formation of α-MoO₃ nanoplates.     

南京地区妇产科医务人员职业倦怠的实证研究

妇产科医务人员是职业倦怠的高发人群,具有较多的人际压力源存在,加上长期的精力耗损,导致其工作绩效和医疗服务质量下降.本研究旨在对妇产科医务人员职业倦怠状况进行实证研究,采用比较研究法和问卷调查法进行调研,分析妇产科医务人员职业倦怠的影响因素,采取有效的应对措施,缓解其职业倦怠状况.     

Outcome favorability as a boundary condition to voice effect on people's reactions to public policymaking

Regarding people's reactions to public policymaking, an organizational justice framework has been introduced. Although these studies showed a link between fairness perceptions and attitudes toward public policy and authority, results concerning more behavioral consequences and the moderation of outcome favorability are less clear. The present research explored the voice effect on people's reactions to public policymaking, as well as outcome favorability as a boundary condition to it. Two different settings and use of different designs (a scenario and an experiment) yielded convergent results that people's reactions to public policymaking were more favorable when they had voice than they did not and outcome favorability moderated the voice effect. More precisely, the voice effect was stronger when the outcome was unfavorable than favorable.     

企业幽默能否化解消费者抱怨:幽默类型与关系范式的匹配

幽默可以促进沟通效果,实践中许多企业运用幽默来回应消费者抱怨。然而既有文献对于幽默能否以及如何有效化解抱怨缺乏系统深入的研究。本文则基于良性冲突理论与关系范式理论探究了企业幽默式抱怨回应策略对不同关系范式下消费者的影响。通过二手数据分析和实验法,本文发现:对于唤醒度较低的负面情感导致的消费者抱怨,企业幽默(相较于非幽默)的抱怨回应策略更有助于改善消费者品牌态度;而且,不同类型的幽默化回应作用不同,自强型幽默的抱怨回应对改善共有关系范式下消费者品牌态度更有效,自嘲型幽默的抱怨回应则有助于改善共有和交易关系范式下消费者的品牌态度;幽默回应策略与关系范式通过影响消费者的良性评价而作用于品牌态度。     

工作记忆广度对语篇理解中重读效应的影响

本文探索了工作记忆容量对语篇理解中重读效应的影响。采用阅读广度测验对工作记忆容量进行测量, 筛选出高、低广度两组被试。并采用听觉动窗实验范式, 比较两组被试在语篇理解中即时加工时间的差异。研究结果表明, 重读效应受到工作记忆广度的显著影响。对于低工作记忆广度被试, 一致性重读促进语篇理解, 不一致性重读阻碍语篇理解; 但对于高工作记忆广度被试, 一致性重读的促进效应和不一致性重读的阻碍效应都不显著。另外, 只有在不一致性重读条件下, 低广度者语篇理解的即时加工时间显著多于高广度者, 而在一致性重读和无重读条件下则没有显著差异。最后用工作记忆的控制性注意理论对研究结果进行了讨论。