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991.
我国古代预测文化观念大多属于假言推理的预 卜学,谈不上真正意义上的预测科学。但是其预测 的文化观念深刻地影响着一部分人的社会实践活 动,使一些人当作认知事物的演算工具,试图从中 寻找自然现象和社会现象的未知迹象。由于其预测 观念不是建立在科学的知识体系基础上,不能经过 实践反复检验,只是用偶然性判断社会现象的必然 性,用单一模式去解释错综复杂的社会现象,难免 相似文献
992.
This study examined the relative importance of school, family, personal/psychological, race, and sex variables in predicting educational and vocational aspirations. A nationally representative sample of 10th‐grade students was followed through 2 years beyond their high school. Results suggested that sex and race significantly predicted educational and vocational aspirations of students. The educational aspiration model was shown to be more robust than the occupational aspiration model. Overall, students showed increases in educational and occupational aspirations, regardless of sex and race. Compared with other groups, Asian Americans had the greatest increase in educational aspirations. Female students, on the average, had higher educational and vocational aspirations. 相似文献
993.
994.
国外亲子关系和同伴关系对行为倾向影响的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
详细介绍了国外亲子关系和同伴关系对儿童和青少年三种主要行为倾向影响研究的主要进展,并对此进行简要的评述 相似文献
995.
A nationally representative sample of college graduates (N =11,152) were surveyed regarding their job‐seeking behaviors and outcomes. Race and sex differences among the job search strategies used, number of job interviews, number of job offers, annual salary, and job satisfaction were examined. Results indicated significant race and sex differences in job search methods used. There were significant differences in underemployment and job satisfaction as a function of race, and in underemployment and annual salary as a function of sex. There were no significant differences in number of job interviews or job offers regardless of race or sex. 相似文献
996.
Honey bees are ideal organisms for studying associative learning, because they can rapidly learn different sensory cues,
even under laboratory conditions. Classical olfactory learning experiments have shown that the mushroom bodies (MBs), a prominent
neuropil of the central nervous system of the bee, are involved in olfactory learning and memory formation. We tested whether
the MBs are also involved in tactile antennal learning. As in olfactory learning, bees use the antennae during tactile learning
to sense tactile cues. We produced specific MB ablations by applying the mitotic blocker hydroxyurea (HU). In Drosophila, HU-induced brain lesions of the MBs strongly impaired olfactory memory formation. As treatment with HU might also interfere
with the processing of the reward stimulus, sucrose, we measured the responsiveness to sucrose stimuli in these bees. Treatment
with HU led to partial ablations of the median MB sub-units on one or both sides of the brain. We analysed side-specific effects
in double-blind tests, testing sucrose responsiveness separately for each antenna, and conditioning first one antenna and
then the other in a reversal learning assay. HU-treated bees without detectable ablations were less responsive to sucrose
and had a poorer learning performance than untreated controls. Partial MB ablation did not additionally affect responsiveness
to sucrose or tactile antennal learning. Interestingly, bees with bilateral MB ablations did not differ from untreated controls
in their learning performance during the first learning phase. During reversal learning, acquisition in these bees was significantly
lower than that in untreated controls. It is concluded that HU treatment affects sucrose responsiveness and tactile learning
even without detectable ablation of neuropils. The effects of MB ablations on tactile learning are not side-specific and not
correlated with the volume of the ablated neuropil.
Accepted after revision: 15 January 2001
❚
Electronic Publication 相似文献
997.
自我设限及其研究范型和影响因素 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
自我设限是指个体针对可能来到的失败威胁而事先设计障碍以自我保护或自我提升。自我设限可细分为行为的自我设限、声称的自我设限以及抬举他人,但缺乏对这三种策略的机制、前置因素和后续结果的比较研究。影响自我设限的因素主要有任务性质、评价情境以及性别、自尊、归因倾向等,但对自我设限动机的探讨应更多考察评价情境与其他中介变量的交互作用,以及内隐自尊对自我设限的影响。 相似文献
998.
999.
语法语境下汉语名动分离的ERP研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
运用ERP技术,从语法角度,通过词语搭配判断任务,考察汉语名词和动词加工的脑神经机制。实验结果显示,在适合的语法语境中,名词、动词和动名兼类词所诱发出ERP差异主要反应在P200、N400和P600三个ERP成分上。在正确的语境中,名词诱发出更大的P200,而动词则诱发出比名词更大的N400和减小的P600;当动名兼类词分别用作名词和动词时,虽然二者的N400没有显著差异,但前者诱发出一个增大的P600。根据实验结果认为:汉语名词和动词具有不同的神经表征和加工机制,名词和动词的语法功能在汉语名动分离中起了重要的作用 相似文献
1000.