浅谈肝移植术后患者长期随诊的临床意义

回顾性分析肝移植术后随访中的临床与非临床因素对移植物和受体长期存活的影响。选择术后3年以上病例,在并发症的诊断处理、患者各种非医疗不良因素（依从性）方面调查分析和总结。结果多数术后患者均能有良好的依从性,配合移植医师的术后治疗、随访及心理健康指导,但有些患者因为个人、医院等原因不能很好地得到随访,发生并发症及不能及时处...     

西汉武帝基于国家统一的工商业改革——兼与《管子》工商思想比较

汉武帝统治时期,为了解决财政困难和一系列社会问题,在借鉴《管子》工商思想精华的基础上,汉王朝先后推行了一系列经济改革措施,其中对工商业的改革是汉武帝经济政策的重点,既有为国家财政收入开辟广阔来源的意图,亦有在政治上巩固大一统帝国的目的。     

石河子地区老年人骨质疏松性骨折影响因素调查分析

分析石河子地区骨质疏松性骨折老年人的影响因素。采用现场调查的方法,对2010年10月～2011年7月在石河子大学医学院第一附属医院和石河子市人民医院住院的60岁及以上400名骨质疏松性骨折患者进行一对一问卷调查。单因素分析,性别、年龄、父亲髋部骨折史、母亲髋部骨折史、当前是否吸烟、糖尿病史、高血压病史、类风湿性关节炎病史、既往骨折史、是否每日饮用浓茶、是否进行体育锻炼是影响本地区骨质疏松性骨折的因素。多元线性逐步回归分析,性别、父亲髋部骨折史、母亲髋部骨折史、当前是否吸烟、类风湿性关节炎病史是影响本地区骨质疏松性骨折的主要因素。影响石河子地区骨质疏松性骨折的因素是多方面的,其影响因素可为干预本地区未骨折的社区老年高危人群提供科学参考依据。     

食管癌术后急性肾衰竭的临床分析

为了探讨食管癌术后急性肾衰竭发生的原因及防治经验,回顾性分析13例术后发生急性肾衰竭食管癌患者的临床资料,并总结防治体会.结果显示患者平均年龄67.5岁,体重50.4千克,皆有严重的吞咽梗阻症状,其中8例术前发现低蛋白血症,3例术前有不同程度的肾功能不全;术后3天内出现急性肾衰竭,治疗纠正肾前性病因、利尿和改善肾血流灌注等,其中4例结合血液净化;10例治愈,3例好转自动出院.就此得出结论食管癌患者术前低容量且营养不良状态是术后急性肾衰竭的重要原因;治疗注意纠正肾前性因素和改善肾灌注,必要时结合血液净化治疗,有助于防治食管癌术后急性肾功能衰竭.     

消防武警新兵适应不良影响因素的中介效应模型

采用军人适应不良量表、核心自我评价量表、自我韧性量表、亲子关系问卷和军营联结问卷对435名消防武警新兵进行调查,考察了消防武警新兵适应不良的影响因素及其内在机制。结果发现：1）核心自我评价、韧性、亲子关系和军营联结与适应不良均显著负相关。2）韧性在核心自我评价与适应不良关系间起着部分中介作用,军营联结在核心自我评价、亲子关系与适应不良关系间起着部分中介作用。     

心理契约破坏对组织公民行为的影响：同事支持感的调节作用

采用问卷调查法,研究了同事支持感（perceived coworker support）在心理契约破坏和组织公民关系间的调节作用。研究结果表明：同事支持感会削弱心理契约破坏和组织公民行为的关系的强度,即当个体感知到较高程度的同事支持,虽然个体感受到心理契约被破坏,也会维持较高程度的组织公民行为。     

重释“宗教”:史密斯对于宗教概念的消解

史密斯质疑宗教概念的普遍有效性,从词源学和观念史角度对宗教的含义及其变迁作了历史考察,指出它不过是西方近代文明的一个产物,并不适合解释其他文明的生活传统,主张用信仰和累积的传统两个独立的概念取而代之。依据这一概念框架来解释儒家传统会消除一些困难。     

Development of the Motivators of and Barriers to Health-Smart Behaviors Inventory

The Motivators of and Barriers to Health-Smart Behaviors Inventory (MB-HSBI) was developed for use in identifying self-reported motivators of and barriers to the following health-promoting behaviors (called health-smart behaviors) that should occur daily to help promote health and overcome illnesses/diseases: eating a healthy breakfast, eating healthy foods and snacks, drinking healthy drinks, and engaging in physical activity. The MB-HSBI was developed through several phases as part of a multisite study on modifying and preventing obesity. A central aspect of the larger study was to identify motivators of and barriers to the targeted health-smart behaviors among African American, Asian, Hispanic, and White adults. After establishing content validity and preliminary pilot testing, the MB-HSBI was administered to a national sample of 926 culturally diverse adults. Factor analyses and most of the internal consistency results supported multiple scales and subscales measuring motivators of and barriers to each of the targeted health-smart behavior domains. Scores correlated in expected directions with health self-efficacy and with importance of health-related behavioral goals. Pending further psychometric support of the MB-HSBI, this inventory or selected scales from it may serve as flexible and novel tools for (a) assessing motivators of and barriers to health-smart behaviors in community and clinical health promotion research studies and (b) developing assessment-based, culturally sensitive intervention programs that are customized to address the motivators of and barriers to health-smart behaviors identified in target communities, particularly those communities whose members are mostly racial/ethnic minorities and/or have low family incomes.     

Minority stress and college persistence attitudes among African American, Asian American, and Latino students: perception of university environment as a mediator

We examined whether perception of university environment mediated the association between minority status stress and college persistence attitudes after controlling for perceived general stress. Participants were 160 Asian American, African American, and Latino students who attended a predominantly White university. Results of a path model analysis showed that university environment was a significant mediator for the association between minority status stress and college persistence attitudes. Additionally, minority status stress was distinct from perceived general stress. Finally, the results from a multiple-group comparison indicated that the magnitude of the mediation effect was invariant across Asian American, African American, and Latino college students, thus supporting the generalizability of the mediation model.     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的表征搜索

为探索ADHD儿童在时间维度上的视觉选择性注意的基本机制,揭示其表征搜索能力是否存在缺陷,研究采用RSVP范式,通过实验材料(字母和数字)和呈现方式操作两种搜索方式:序列搜索和平行搜索,比较ADHD儿童(18名)和控制组儿童(17名)的成绩差异。结果发现:①在平行搜索和序列搜索条件下,ADHD儿童的成绩均低于正常控制组;②比较平行搜索和序列搜索条件下的成绩变化,以及由低难度到高难度上成绩的变化,无论是正确率还是反应时均发现ADHD儿童和正常儿童具有相同的成绩变化模式。结论认为ADHD儿童在视觉选择性注意的基本搜索机制上并不存在明显缺陷。