不规则几何图形识别中的信息取样优先序

研究了不规则几何图形识别中的信息取样优先序。被试为浙江大学本科生80 名,男女各半,年龄18－22 岁,色觉正常,视力或矫正视力正常。刺激材料为20个不规则几何图形。实验的自变量有3个：①作业任务,认同与匹配2种;②显示条件,良好与不良2种;③显示方式,旋转与不旋转2种。因变量用了反应时与错误指数二项。实验的作业有二项,一项是对呈现在CRT上图形做判别作业;一项是有关信息取样优先序的问卷作业。Friedman 双向方差分析和Kendall一致性系数检验的结果表明：不规则几何图形的信息取样优先序有按取样特征信息差异度序进行编排的趋势。较稳定的取样序,特别是将整体信息置于较优先地位的取样序有助于提高图形识别的作业绩效     

网络旗帜广告的记忆效果

由于人们对网络旗帜广告效果的质疑,在网络广告的计费方式上也出现了两种计价模式,分别为按照浏览率和点击率来计量广告效果。其本质问题在于单纯浏览是否能够产生广告效果,以及浏览和点击各自所能带来的广告效果差异有多大。本研究利用模糊测量及相应统计方法,就上网者对网络旗帜广告的记忆效果进行测量。结果显示,在单纯浏览的情况下,上网者对网络旗帜广告已经留有印象,但这种记忆效果并不随着浏览次数的增加而显著改善;点击所能带来的广告记忆效果约为单纯浏览对应效果的1.4~1.5倍     

Ⅱ型糖尿病人认知功能特点

综述了近10国内外关于Ⅱ型糖尿病人认知功能特点的研究。结果表明：（1）流行病学筛查因天花板效应难以发现认知损伤。（2）采用对年老化较敏感的行为学指标证实,60~70岁的糖尿病人认知能力显著低于对照组;但60岁以下或70以上病人则少有类似表现。认知阈限理论可解释这一年龄相关现象。（3）Ⅱ型糖尿病人认知功能损伤主要表现为语词记忆损伤、学习能力下降、脑电（P300）潜伏期延长等。（4）认知损伤程度与血糖和胰岛素水平相关,也受高血压等共病因素的影响。控制糖代谢可改善认知功能。糖尿病人的认知损伤与年龄相关,但其机制不同于正常年老化过程中的认知衰退     

食管癌研究的历史回顾和哲学思考

食管癌研究可分为病因学、发病机制和防治三个部分,涵盖了流行病学、生物化学、病理学、肿瘤学、分子生物学等多个学科。尽管两千多年前,我国学者以开始记载和描述食管癌,但直到近代特别是现代科学技术的进步才对食管癌有了系统的认识。回顾食管癌的研究史,不难看出,正确的研究方法和科学思路在揭示食管癌发病机制和控制食管癌发病率和死亡率中起关键的作用。辨证地剖析机体内部和外界环境之间的关系,人群研究和实验室研究,个体化局部治疗和全身综合治疗,基础和临床研究,传统方法和现代高科技的有机结合,国内外合作研究与小范围研究,研究者与食管癌患者之间的关系等方面的关系,是指导食管癌 研究的重要环节。     

速度、步幅与窗口对引导式中文文本阅读工效的影响

引导式显示是在视觉显示终端(VDT)上呈现动态文本的主要方式之一.本研究考察了显示窗口大小、跳动步幅、显示速度等因素对引导式中文文本的阅读工效的影响.实验中采用了3(跳动步幅,被试内变量)×3(显示速度,被试内变量)×2(显示窗口大小,被试间变量)的混合设计,共有18个被试参加了实验.结果发现(1)跳动步幅、显示速度和窗口大小均影响中文文本的阅读工效;(2)达到最佳阅读工效的实验条件在速度和步幅上分别集中于200～400字/分和1～3字/步.最后本文结合中文阅读的相关眼动研究,对这些结果的成因进行了简要的探讨.     

不同适应水平小学生有意义事件报告比较——小学生自我调节机制的一项研究

本研究选取发展良好与适应不良的三——五年级小学生为被试,以问卷访谈形式调查他们心目中的正性和负性意义事件。结果表明,两组被试在事件意义体验的人际亲和性、内在一外在性和丰富性方面有明显不同的反映。感受的丰富性表现在正负性意义事件两方面,某种事件负性意义感受的出现是良好适应的表现。     

计算机有内隐记忆吗？——人与计算机的初步比较研究

本实验参照国内内隐记忆研究方面的一个经典实验(杨治良,1991),以无意义音节为材料,运用信号检测论的方法,对计算机是否存在内隐记忆的问题进行了初步的探讨。结果表明,在本实验条件下计算机只有单纯的100％正确的回忆效应,不具备内隐记忆。本研究为探明计算机的记忆特点作了初步尝试,同时也从一个新角度再次证明了内隐记忆是独立于外显记忆的客观存在。     

Coming out discourses of Asian American lesbians

The authors examined the accounts of a small group of Asian American lesbians regarding their experiences forming their sexual identities. Discourse analysis and the social constructionist approach were applied to the subjects’ accounts of their coming out. Focus group subjects’ discussions were transcribed in order to depict the practices they employed to render their experiences meaningful to themselves and others. There was an internal dialectical process between the subjects’ subjective and objective reality, during which they came to terms with their subjective identity, or came out to themselves. There was also an external dialectical process between the subjects and society, during which they negotiated with their objective world for their subjective identity, or came out to the public in general and to their families in particular. The research suggests that in these dialectical processes, Asian cultural values and beliefs served as the means through which the conflict between the subjects’ interiority and their social networks was reconciled. The desire to reabsorb the subjects served to motivate the family members to work collaboratively to overcome cultural barriers to acceptance. The authors are grateful for the help of Robert Dominguez and all the participants who made the study possible.     

The racial subtext in Canada’s immigration discourse

The articulation of race has become subtle and elusive in democratic societies because racism conflicts with principles of equality and non-discrimination. This article examines Canada’s immigration discourse and argues that a racial subtext can be discerned from the discourse by examining its vocabulary, syntax, structure, and implied rationale. The study shows that codified concepts and an implied logic are used to convey racial massages that appear not to be “race”-based. The discourse is further facilitated by opinion polls and academic studies that reify the notion of “race” and legitimize its everyday use as a harmless concept. It is the discourse itself, and not implied differences of “race”, that fragments Canada. The study recommends abandoning the use of racial subtext in academic research and immigration policy development.