全文获取类型
收费全文 | 188篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 12篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 6篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 8篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 9篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有209条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
FA Soto EA Wasserman 《Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes》2012,38(3):322-328
A model proposing error-driven learning of associations between representations of stimulus properties and responses can account for many findings in the literature on object categorization by nonhuman animals. Furthermore, the model generates predictions that have been confirmed in both pigeons and people, suggesting that these learning processes are widespread across distantly related species. The present work reports evidence of a category-overshadowing effect in pigeons' categorization of natural objects, a novel behavioral phenomenon predicted by the model. Object categorization learning was impaired when a second category of objects provided redundant information about correct responses. The same impairment was not observed when single objects provided redundant information, but the category to which they belonged was uninformative, suggesting that this effect is different from simple overshadowing, arising from competition among stimulus categories rather than individual stimuli during learning. 相似文献
122.
123.
124.
125.
Visual short-term memory plays a key role in guiding behavior, and individual differences in visual short-term memory capacity
are strongly predictive of higher cognitive abilities. To provide a broader evolutionary context for understanding this memory
system, we directly compared the behavior of pigeons and humans on a change detection task. Although pigeons had a lower storage
capacity and a higher lapse rate than humans, both species stored multiple items in short-term memory and conformed to the
same basic performance model. Thus, despite their very different evolutionary histories and neural architectures, pigeons
and humans have functionally similar visual short-term memory systems, suggesting that the functional properties of visual
short-term memory are subject to similar selective pressures across these distant species. 相似文献
126.
In Experiment 1, we trained four pigeons to concurrently discriminate displays of 16 same icons (16S) from displays of 16 different icons (16D) as well as between displays of same icons (16S) from displays that contained 15 same icons and one different icon (15S:1D). The birds rapidly learned to discriminate 16S vs. 16D displays, but they failed to learn to discriminate 16S vs. 15S:1D displays. In Experiment 2, the same pigeons acquired the 16S vs. 15S:1D task after being required to locate and peck at the odd-item in the 15S:1D displays. Acquisition of the 16S vs. 15S:1D task had little effect on discriminative performance in the concurrent 16S:16D task, suggesting that a unidimensional entropy explanation for mastery of these two same-different tasks is not viable. During testing, the birds transferred discriminative performance in both tasks to displays composed of different visual stimuli. Such concurrent discrimination learning, performance, and transfer suggest that pigeons are flexible in the way they process the displays seen in these two same-different tasks. 相似文献
127.
Gibson BM Wasserman EA Gosselin F Schyns PG 《Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes》2005,31(3):376-382
The authors trained pigeons to discriminate images of human faces that displayed: (a) a happy or a neutral expression or (b) a man or a woman. After training the pigeons, the authors used a new procedure called Bubbles to pinpoint the features of the faces that were used to make these discriminations. Bubbles revealed that the features used to discriminate happy from neutral faces were different from those used to discriminate male from female faces. Furthermore, the features that pigeons used to make each of these discriminations overlapped those used by human observers in a companion study (F. Gosselin & P.G. Schyns, 2001). These results show that the Bubbles technique can be effectively applied to nonhuman animals to isolate the functional features of complex visual stimuli. 相似文献
128.
Young ME Beckmann JS Wasserman EA 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2006,86(2):223-237
We trained four pigeons to discriminate a Michotte launching animation from three other animations using a go/no-go task. The pigeons received food for pecking at one of the animations, but not for pecking at the others. The four animations featured two types of interactions among objects: causal (direct launching) and noncausal (delayed, distal, and distal & delayed). Two pigeons were reinforced for pecking at the causal interaction, but not at the noncausal interactions; two other pigeons were reinforced for pecking at the distal & delayed interaction, but not at the other interactions. Both discriminations proved difficult for the pigeons to master; later tests suggested that the pigeons often learned the discriminations by attending to subtle stimulus properties other than the intended ones. 相似文献
129.
Wasserman D Hellman DS Wachbroit R 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2006,6(4):57-9; discussion W42-5
130.
Young ME Wasserman EA 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2001,27(1):278-293
Two experiments examined college students' discrimination of complex visual displays that involved different degrees of variability or "entropy." Displays depicted 16 black and white line drawings of various types (e.g., a brain, a clock, a hand); the participants were required to classify a display in terms of its variability (e.g., a low-variability display contains many identical items, whereas a high-variability display contains few identical items). The participants' accuracy and reaction time scores on a 2-alternative forced-choice discrimination disclosed that people can and do use entropy to classify different levels of visual display variability. Individuals differed in their use of absolute rather than relative entropy. 相似文献