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101.
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Olivia G. M. Washington David P. Moxley Lois Garriott Jennifer P. Weinberger 《Journal of religion and health》2009,48(4):431-444
Background Homelessness among older African American women is emerging as a serious social problem. The increasing cost of living, diminishing
community resources, and shrinking retirement benefits, as well as reduced social services are resulting in greater numbers
of older minority women becoming homeless. Aims This investigation explores the relevance of faith and spirituality to an advocacy assessment designed to help participants
resolve issues that operate as barriers to their leaving and staying out of homelessness. Methods A substudy of a larger research and development project was undertaken, in which qualitative interview methods were used
to illuminate the role of faith and spirituality resources in the lives of 84 older homeless African American women. Comparative
thematic analysis of illustrative cases was undertaken to better understand the role of faith and spirituality in the women’s
lives and in how they used faith and spirituality in coping with homelessness. Findings Five dimensions of faith and spirituality, (a) identity and beliefs; (b) affiliation and membership; (c) involvement; (d)
practices; and (e) benefits, served as promising resources in understanding life spaces of homeless minority women and identified
promising advocacy strategies. Two cases describe the realities of homelessness for older minority women endeavoring to transition
out of homelessness and illustrate how faith and spirituality can buffer stress, facilitate coping, and sustain motivation.
Conclusions How older homeless African American women use their faith and spiritual resources to cope with demands of homelessness, challenges
of transition, and recovery from the multiple traumas resulting from being homeless makes the assessment of faith and spirituality
an important part of the advocacy process. 相似文献
103.
This study examined overall hopelessness, explored differences in various variables (e.g. burnout) between men reporting no/mild hopelessness and moderate/severe hopelessness, and scrutinized factors associated with hopelessness. The study design was cross-sectional, and the participants were 517 men randomly selected from the general population. About 12% of men reported moderate/severe hopelessness, and men with moderate/severe hopelessness were more often older, divorced/widowed, low educated, employed in blue-collar positions, on sick leave/other/unemployment/retirement, and financially strained. They also reported more depression, posttraumatic symptoms, and burnout. Only unemployment/retirement, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms were independently associated with an increased risk for moderate/severe hopelessness in the regression analysis, with unemployment and retirement as the most important factors. In conclusion, this study seems to corroborate previous findings and may provide new insights into men's experiences and predictors of hopelessness. More research into the predictors of hopelessness in men is warranted. 相似文献
104.
Saute JA da Silveira LE Soares FA Martini LH Souza DO Ganzella M 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2006,85(3):206-212
Extracellular guanine-based purines, namely the nucleotides GTP, GDP, GMP and the nucleoside guanosine, exert important neuroprotective and neuromodulator roles in the central nervous system, which may be related to inhibition of the glutamatergic neurotransmission activity. In this study, we investigated GMP effects on mice inhibitory avoidance performance and the dependence on its conversion to guanosine for such effect, by using the ecto-5'-nucleotidase specific inhibitor AOPCP. We also investigated if this conversion occurs in the central nervous system or peripherally, and if guanosine and GMP affect nociception by the tail-flick test. I.p. GMP or guanosine (7.5 mg/kg) or i.c.v. GMP (480 nmol) pretraining administration was amnesic for the inhibitory avoidance task. I.c.v. AOPCP (1 nmol) administration completely reversed the amnesic effect of i.c.v. GMP, but not of i.p. GMP, indicating that peripheral conversion of GMP to guanosine is probably relevant to this effect. AOPCP alone did not interfere with the performance. Furthermore, tail-flick measurement was unaffected by i.p. GMP and guanosine, suggesting that the amnesic effect of both purines was not due to some antinociceptive effect against the footshock used in the task. All these data together, in accordance to those previously observed in studies involving glutamate uptake and seizures reinforce the idea that guanosine is the specific extracellular guanine-based purines effector and indicate that its conversion occurs not only in the central nervous system but also peripherally. 相似文献
105.
Results from a number of paradigms (including change blindness, inattentional blindness, integration over saccades, and backward masking) suggest that most of the visual information we take in is not retained, even for very short periods of time. This has led some to question whether such information is ever really perceived. We examine this issue using a variant of the classic metacontrast stimulus. When a briefly presented disk is followed by a briefly presented ring, observers may report not seeing the disk. Rather they report seeing the ring flicker as if the change in form from disk to ring is not recorded. This effect is highly dependent on the interval between the onset of the disk and the onset of the ring (the “stimulus onset asynchrony” or SOA). The maximum effect is usually found at a critical SOA of about 50 msec. Here we show that the ability of observers to distinguish such a disk/ring pair from a flickering ring is dependent also on how soon after the stimulus they respond. Early responses show a much smaller masking effect than late responses: Near the critical SOA accuracy improves when the observer responds more quickly (the opposite of the standard speed-accuracy trade-off), although at longer and shorter SOAs observers are less accurate on these early responses (a typical speed-accuracy trade-off). We interpret this finding as demonstrating that, at least in the case of metacontrast, retention of form information is disrupted, rather than initial access. 相似文献
106.
Families with a child diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder completed an 8-session parenting program, the Group Triple P Positive Parenting Program, provided by videoconferencing technology. Families reported improved child behavior (effect size of d = -1.23) and decreased parent distress (d = -0.34). Parent training implemented with videoconferencing technology can be an effective way of delivering evidence-based services to families with specialized needs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
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Michelle Washington Nurse Practitioner 《Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy》2013,27(4):418-431
This paper considers the pervasive resistance to ‘take in’ both physical and emotional or psychic sustenance that is demonstrated by the anorexic patient. It goes on to explore the relationship between these resistances and impeded psychological growth and development. It is suggested that such resistances to ‘taking in’ serve a defensive function, in that the patient manages to maintain psychic equilibrium by limiting, modifying or even avoiding any stimuli that is perceived to be threatening. This notion is considered further in specific relation to the depressive anxieties and conflicts associated with Oedipal issues and clinical material is used to illustrate this. 相似文献