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291.
本研究从分配接受者的角度考察当面对不公平分配时,关系对象的性质是否及怎样影响与公平相关的认知、情绪、行为倾向与行为。结果表明:(1)关系性质影响了公平感受和情绪。(2)关系通过公平认知影响不公平拒绝的行为倾向和拒绝行为,通过情绪影响拒绝行为而不影响拒绝倾向。(3)在引发了高不公平感和高消极情绪的情况下,对高等级关系对象的拒绝倾向和行为都远低于其他两种关系对象。 相似文献
292.
Although attentional biases toward body-related information contribute to the etiology and maintenance of body dissatisfaction (BD) and eating disorders (EDs), attentional disengagement in women with BD and EDs is not clear. The present study investigated the association between weight dissatisfaction and attentional disengagement from body-related pictures and the possible moderating effect of body mass index (BMI) on this relation. Two hundred and four undergraduate women engaged in an experiment using a pictorial spatial cueing paradigm including fat/thin bodies and neutral household photos. Partial correlations and simple slopes regression analyses were conducted with attentional disengagement index scores of each category of cues. Findings suggested that independent of BMI, weight dissatisfaction was directly associated with attentional disengagement from both fat and thin pictures. In addition, among women with low and medium BMIs, the more they were dissatisfied with their bodyweight, the more difficulty they had disengaging their attention from fat body pictures. 相似文献
293.
The estimation of model parameters in structural equation models with polytomous variables can be handled by several computationally efficient procedures. However, sensitivity or influence analysis of the model is not well studied. We demonstrate that the existing influence analysis methods for contingency tables or for normal theory structural equation models cannot be applied directly to structural equation models with polytomous variables; and we develop appropriate procedures based on the local influence approach of Cook (1986). The proposed procedures are computationally efficient, the necessary bits of the proposed diagnostic measures are readily available following an usual fit of the model. We consider the influence of an individual cell frequency with respect to three cases: when all parameters in an unstructured model are of interest, when the unstructured polychoric correlations are of interest, and when the structural parameters are of interest. We also consider the sensitivity of the parameters estimates. Two examples based on real data are presented for illustration.The work described in this paper was partially supported by a Chinese University of Hong Kong Postdoctoral Fellows Scheme and a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (RGC Ref. No. CUHK4186/98P). We are indebted to P.M. Bentler and M.D. Newcomb for providing the data set, Michael Leung for his assistance, and the Editor and the referees for some very valuable comments. 相似文献
294.
瑞文标准推理测验在我国的修订 总被引:36,自引:3,他引:36
为了满足科研与实际工作对团体智力测验的迫切需要,由17个单位组成的全国协作组对瑞文标准推理测验进行了修订。常模团体的建立以1982年全国人口普查资料为依据,按各地区人口分布,各类人员比例取样,共包括年龄跨度从5岁半至70岁以上的5108人。经过标准化的施测手续,测定了1986年中国城市常模。 测验结果的项目分析、信度和效度等技术指标达到或超过了国外同类研究。 研究发现除40岁组外,其他各年龄组均无显著男女差异。本研究还对中国大陆城市青少年的成绩与香港、英国和新西兰相应年龄组的成绩做了比较。 相似文献
295.
以40个中文词和20个非词以及相应的英文译词为材料,以词汇判断中的重复效应为研究途径,对32名外语系本科生进行了中—英双语读者词汇表征的研究。结果发现,当单词以相同的语言重复呈现时(在语言内重复条件下),被试对重复词的判断时间显著缩短,判断准确性显著提高。而当单词以不同的语言重复呈现时(在语言间重复条件下),对重复词的反应时间与错误率与对新词的反应相比无显著差异。我们得到的语言内的重复效应与独立存储的假设相一致。我们认为,中—英双语读者对来自两种语言的词汇信息是分别存储在两个独立的言语存储系统中的。 相似文献
296.
297.
实验设计通常被当作一种种设计模式.这种方法可称之为实验设计的模式方法。但本文认为,这种常用的方法事实上存在着不少缺点。于此.本文尝试提出了一种新的实验设计方法——实验设计的变量方法。实验设计的变量方法的基本思想是.从实验研究的问题出发,根据实验中变量的性质或特点确定实验设计的具体内容。本文最后讨论了实验设计变量方法的优越性。 相似文献
298.
Risk perception and risky choice: Situational, informational and dispositional effects 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We investigated how situational (gain–loss), informational (opportunity–threat framing) and dispositional (achievement motive and avoidance motive) variables affected opportunity–threat perception and risky choice in managerial decision-making contexts. In Study 1, the risk preference of the participants showed a reflection effect due to situational differences (gain or loss) and a partial framing effect caused by presenting the same choice information in terms of either opportunities or threats. However, both effects were in the opposite direction of predictions from prospect theory. Gains and positive framing enhanced risk-seeking preference whereas losses and negative framing augmented risk-averse preference. Risk-seeking choices were mediated by opportunity perception whereas risk-averse choices were mediated by threat perception. In Study 2, the participants high in achievement motive perceived greater opportunities in a negative situation, and the participants high in avoidance motive perceived greater threats in a positive situation, suggesting that ambition (achievement motive) operates more significantly in the face of adversities whereas cautiousness (avoidance motive) functions more significantly in prosperity. 相似文献
299.
A test of 300 young students on individual modernity in China was carried out. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in individual modernity between the students from town and those from the countryside, as well as between males and females. There were also differences in individual modernity between each two of the levels of education. The students from town were more modern than those from the countryside. The males were more traditional than the females. With the rising educational level, the students' traditionality will decrease and modernity will increase. 相似文献
300.
This article presents an evaluation of the two largest settlement programs—LINC and ISAP—in the province of Ontario in terms of their geographical distribution and funding allocation and in relation to the settlement patterns of new immigrants. This study found that the current locations of both programs largely match the settlement patterns of newcomers in Ontario. However, in the Toronto CMA, where over 75% of Ontario's newcomers live, settlement services remain concentrated in the historical immigrant reception area of the City of Toronto, although many new immigrant groups settle directly in suburbia. Adoption of the proposed National Allocation Formula for Ontario would reduce the disparities, but a modified model is needed for more equitable allocation of services and resources. This study should have useful policy implications. Because the Canadian government is contemplating new policies that would require future newcomers to move to smaller urban centres or rural towns to reduce overconcentration in large metropolitan areas, equitable provision of settlement services in these centres and towns will become more important. 相似文献