Repetition benefit in mental rotation is independent of stimulus repetition

In this study, we investigated whether there is a repetition benefit in mental rotation that is independent of stimulus repetition (i.e., due to increased efficiency in postencoding processing). Three experiments were conducted, in which different conditions of stimulus repetition (different letters on consecutive trials in Experiment 1, letters of different orientations on consecutive trials in Experiment 2, and priming of rotation direction in Experiment 3) were used, and the extent of repetition of rotation direction between two consecutive trials was manipulated. The results of all three experiments showed clear evidence of a repetition benefit without repeating the stimulus, suggesting that this effect is independent of stimulus repetition and lending support to the notion of increased efficiency in mental rotation as a result of repeated rotation direction per se.     

Attachment, borderline personality, and romantic relationship dysfunction

Previous studies have implicated attachment and disturbances in romantic relationships as important indicators for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The current research extends our current knowledge by examining the specific associations among attachment, romantic relationship dysfunction, and BPD, above and beyond the contribution of emotional distress and nonromantic interpersonal functioning in two distinct samples. Study 1 comprised a community sample of women (N = 58) aged 25-36. Study 2 consisted of a psychiatric sample (N = 138) aged 21-60. Results from both Study 1 and Study 2 demonstrated that (1) attachment was specifically related to BPD symptoms and romantic dysfunction, (2) BPD symptoms were specifically associated with romantic dysfunction, and (3) the association between attachment and romantic dysfunction was statistically mediated by BPD symptoms. The findings support specific associations among attachment, BPD symptoms, and romantic dysfunction.     

Loneliness and Suicidal Risk in Young Adults: Does Believing in a Changeable Future Help Minimize Suicidal Risk Among the Lonely?

This study examined loneliness and future orientation as predictors of suicidal risk, namely, depressive symptoms and suicide ideation, in a sample of 228 college students (54 males and 174 females). Results of regression analyses indicated that loneliness was a significant predictor of both indices of suicidal risk. The inclusion of future orientation was found to significantly augment the prediction model of both depressive symptoms and suicide ideation, even after accounting for loneliness. Noteworthy, beyond loneliness and future orientation, the Loneliness × Future Orientation interaction term was found to further augment both prediction models of suicidal risk. Consistent with the notion that future orientation is an important buffer of suicidal risk, among lonely students, those with high future orientation, compared to low future orientation, were found to report significantly lower levels of depressive symptoms and suicide ideation. Some implications of the present findings for studying both risk and protective factors associated with suicidal risk in young adults are discussed.     

教师共情对学生学业成绩的促进:基于动画叙述模拟测量的多层线性分析

以往研究认为教师共情能促进学生的社交能力和情绪的发展,但教师共情能否促进学生学业成绩呢?以往研究存在较多的分歧。本研究为进一步考察教师共情对学生学业成绩的作用,开发和运用针对教师职业特殊性的ANVs共情测量工具,采用准实验的方式,运用共情培训对20位实验组教师进行干预(另外20位教师作为控制组),同时收集相应实验组803名学生、控制组852名学生的期中、期末成绩,并采用多层线性的方式控制无关变量,关注学生原有成绩的影响,从而检验教师共情与学生学业成绩的关系。结果表明:(1)教师共情能力的提高能够促进学生学业成绩的提高;(2)在教师共情对学生学业成绩的促进作用中,学生原有成绩起到调节作用。     

当代大学生创业意识问卷的初步编制

该研究目的在于编制能够反映当代大学生创业意识结构特点的大学生创业意识问卷。文章首先分析了国内外对大学生创业意识的相关研究,在文献分析和开放式问卷的基础上形成大学生创业意识问卷,再经过847名大学生被试评定,对数据进行探索性因素分析显示,大学生创业意识问卷由21个项目组成,包括创业情感意识、创业需要和动机意识、创业价值意识、创业风险意识和创业素质意识等5个因素。对构成量表的项目分析的结果显示问卷具有较好的信度和效度。     

“清代道藏”——江南蒋元庭本《道藏辑要》之研究

继明代《正统道藏》之后,《道藏辑要》是最重要的道教丛书。《道藏辑要》一书的形成至今仍是个谜,当代学者普遍认为它有三个主要版本:一为彭定求(1645-1719)编原本,二为蒋元庭(1755-1819)增补本,三为贺龙骧、彭瀚然最终修订本。与学者们普遍认可的观点不同,本文力图证明《道藏辑要》实际上只有两个版本(版本二和版本三),而所谓的彭定求本纯属虚构。在对蒋元庭之同代人闵一得(1748/58-1836)的作品进行研究后,我们证实蒋元庭确是《道藏辑要》的编者。在闵一得的作品中,我们还可以发现《道藏辑要》在江南地区与"吕洞宾崇拜"有关之道教社团中的影响;在巴黎藏本《道藏辑要》(这一版本与藏书家丁福保编制目录之版本十分近似)中,这种影响的痕迹更是十分明显。在此发现的基础上,本文力图开辟新的研究领域,使读者可以更好地了解《道藏辑要》的复杂文本历史,以及它在推动清代道教纯粹远景及扶鸾崇拜中的角色。     

从仁智到仁义:孔孟思想的重要转承

仁智统一是孔子的成人之道,仁且智既蕴含结合二者,又蕴含分离二者且偏重前者的倾向;在孟子前后,存在着对智的广泛批评;仁智分离且偏重前者最终促成由孔子仁智向孟子仁义的转承,这一转承对中国文化产生了深远影响.     

Intersubjective cultural representations predicting behaviour: The case of political culture and voting

Research has shown that cultural identification is influenced by the congruence between people's personal values and intersubjectively represented cultural values. The current research extended this finding to voter choice and behaviour. We hypothesized that people whose values and attitudes are similar to the collective representations of the political party that an election candidate belongs to would be more likely to vote for that candidate. Also, this relationship would be mediated by party identification. We found support for our hypotheses in two studies, one on the Legislative Council election in Hong Kong and the other on the 2004 US presidential election.     

短时间延迟条件下错误记忆的遗忘

两个实验中,使用DRM范式考察了短时间延迟条件下错误记忆的遗忘效应。实验一发现对两种关键项目的错误再认均随着时间延迟（即时、半小时和1个小时）的增加而提高,而在将时间变量由实验一中的被试内设计变为实验二中的被试间设计后,发现对两种关键项目的错误再认随着时间而发生不同的变化,表现为对关键诱饵的错误再认保持稳定而对中关联词的错误再认依然有所提高。说明错误记忆很顽固,一旦产生便很难衰退,当消除了其他干扰因素的潜在影响后,即使是在很短暂的测验时间延迟条件下,它至少是保持稳定的,不会随着时间而发生减弱。此外还发现了关联性和测验情境与测验时间延迟之间的交互影响,表现为对关键诱饵的错误再认受测验时间延迟的影响较小,受测验情境的影响较大;而对中关联词的错误再认则受测验时间延迟的影响较大,受测验情境的影响较小