全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1211篇 |
免费 | 24篇 |
专业分类
1235篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 24篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 191篇 |
2012年 | 38篇 |
2011年 | 35篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 31篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 34篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 33篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
1972年 | 11篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
1969年 | 12篇 |
1966年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有1235条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Seven contingency theories of classical and instrumental conditioning were defined in relation to the contingency matrix and to six separate probabilities which can be derived from this matrix. These theories were compared on the basis of formal similarities and differences, and were judged against three separate empirical variables which have been discussed in the contingency literature: the duration of the intertrial interval, partial reinforcement, and negative contingencies between the two events of conditioning. All previous theories had some difficulty predicting the effects of one or more of these variables upon animal conditioning. Also, some formulas make the unusual prediction that there will be less conditioning when there is more than one conditioning trial. The paper concluded with an extensive discussion of the problems that are created by conditioning events with temporal extension; events which are then categorized by a contingency matrix which has no temporal character. Some possible solutions to the problems were discussed. 相似文献
42.
Previous research has shown substantial improvements in detection performance when subjects consistently detect a subset of stimuli. In contrast, in conditions in which stimuli appear as both targets and distractors, there is little performance improvement with practice. The present experiments examine how varying degrees of consistency determine the improvement of detection accuracy with extended practice. The degree of consistency was varied by manipulating the frequency with which a letter was a distractor while holding the number of occurrences as a target constant. The experiments utilized a multiple-frame target-detection search paradigm in which subjects were to detect single-letter targets in a series of rapidly presented letters on four channels. Experiments showed that detection performance improvement with practice was a monotonic function of the degree of consistency, decreasing to zero as the target-to-distractor ratio increased from 10:0 to 10:20. As consistency decreased, detection performance asymptoted earlier and at a lower level. A dual-task experiment examined subjects’ ability to perform the previously trained search task as a secondary task. Results showed that the previous targetto-distractor consistency had a marked effect on resource sensitivity of the detection task. The general issues of consistency in the development of skilled performance and in the development of automatic processing are discussed. 相似文献
43.
Walter C. Gogel 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1977,21(1):3-11
The sensitivity of an indirect method of measuring perceived distance was compared in two experiments with the direct procedure of eliciting verbal reports of distance. Perceived distance was varied by varying the oculomotor cues to object distance. The indirect method, called the “adjustable pivot method,” uses an apparatus that physically moves the stimulus object laterally concomitantly with the lateral motion of the head. The magnitude and direction of this concomitant motion determines the distance of the point around which the direction of gaze to the object rotates (the pivot distance) as the head is moved. The pivot distance at which the object appears stationary with head movement measures the apparent distance of the object. Both types of measures were found to vary systematically with the oculomotor distance of the object for points of light (Experiment 1) and extended objects (Experiment 2). A previous study has shown that the adjustable pivot method avoids cognitive errors that can distort verbal reports of distance. The present study, by demonstrating the discriminative capability of this method under conditions in which differences in perceived distance were expected to occur, provides clear evidence that the adjustable pivot method is a sensitive and useful procedure for measuring perceived distance. 相似文献
44.
Walter A. Sedelow Sally Yeates Sedelow 《Journal of the history of the behavioral sciences》1978,14(3):247-263
The examination of theorizing and techniques for scientific language analysis applied to ‘history’ clearly generalizes to imply a domain of applicability potentially coextensive for behavioral scientists with the scope of cultural behavior. It is argued that the computer and related science and technology are moving toward a relationship vis-à-vis symbolic acts analogous to microscopy for the ‘sub-visual’ in scale and telescopes for astronomic phenomena. Content analysis is one of the points of departure, as also contemporary syntactic analysis, from which present ideas and algorithms have moved on. How ‘far’ — both at present and in prospect — is the subject of these articles. 相似文献
45.
46.
Philosophia - It is customary to think that Objective List (“OL), Desire-Satisfaction (“D-S”) and Hedonistic (“HED”) theories of prudential value pretty much cover the... 相似文献
47.
48.
49.
The authors examined intermanual interactions of 2 hands that were required to concurrently follow trajectories that differed in eccentricity. Ten healthy participants attempted to learn to trace 2 figures, a circle and an ellipse, with bilaterally isochronous (1:1) timing demands. Initial unimanual trials were followed by bilateral practice comprising 750 movement cycles. Two objectives were addressed: The authors' primary aim was to determine if kinematic interlimb interference is evident independent of spatial and temporal interference and to observe the potential practice-related changes in the nature of that interference. That test was afforded by participants' natural tendency to draw a circle with a relatively constant tangential velocity and an ellipse with a systematically varying velocity. A second aim was to observe the nature of spontaneous changes in the performance of each individual effector, and in the relationship between effectors, across practice. Those objectives were specifically addressed in a context in which augmented feedback was not available to direct the learners' attention to a particular feature of performance. The results suggested that interlimb assimilation of spatial features is the primary source of interference for that task and that apparent effects at the kinematic level are the secondary, indirect product of spatial coupling. Those results were found across blocks of practice. With respect to nondirected performance changes, substantially less improvement was evident in the performance of each individual effector than in the reduction of interlimb interference. Specifically, no practice-related changes in temporal variability or velocity bias, and minimal changes in trajectory smoothness, were evident in individual limbs. Conversely, significant reductions were observed in the variability of relative phase between limbs and in the magnitude of interlimb phase lag. 相似文献
50.
In two experiments, we investigated whether reading background information benefits memory for text content by influencing the amount of content encoded or the organization of the encoded content. In Experiment 1, half of the participants read background information about the issues to be discussed in the text material, whereas half did not. All the participants were then tested for free recall and cued recall of text content. Free recall was greater for individuals who read issue information than for those who did not. The groups did not differ on cued recall, suggesting that background information did not facilitate the encoding of more text content. Measures of representational organization indicated that increased recall in the issue information group resulted from better organization of content in memory. Experiment 2 extended these findings, using background information about text sources, demonstrated that the efficacy of background information depends on the semantic relationship between that information and text content. 相似文献