Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment and Severe Intrafamilial Male‐Perpetrated Physical Violence in Chinese Community: The Mediating Role of Borderline and Antisocial Personality Disorder Features

This study investigates the role of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) features as mediators of the effects of childhood maltreatment on severe intrafamilial physical violence amongst Chinese male perpetrators. A cross‐sectional survey and face‐to‐face interview were conducted to examine childhood maltreatment, personality disorder features, impulsivity, aggression, and severe intrafamilial physical violence in a community sample of 206 abusive men in China. The results suggest that ASPD or BPD features mediate between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence perpetration in Chinese abusive men. These findings may yield clinical and forensic implications for assessing the psychopathology of abusive men, and may steer the intervention of intimate partner violence. Aggr. Behav. 38:64‐76, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Measuring the interrelations among multiple paradigms of visual attention: an individual differences approach

A large part of the empirical research in the field of visual attention has focused on various concrete paradigms. However, as yet, there has been no clear demonstration of whether or not these paradigms are indeed measuring the same underlying construct. We collected a very large data set (nearly 1.3 million trials) to address this question. We tested 257 participants on nine paradigms: conjunction search, configuration search, counting, tracking, feature access, spatial pattern, response selection, visual short-term memory, and change blindness. A fairly general attention factor was identified. Some of the participants were also tested on eight other paradigms. This general attention factor was found to be correlated with intelligence, visual marking, task switching, mental rotation, and Stroop task. On the other hand, a few paradigms that are very important in the attention literature (attentional capture, consonance-driven orienting, and inhibition of return) were found to be dissociated from this general attention factor.     

心身疾病新的评估策略:心身医学研究诊断标准

心身研究的诊断标准(DCPR)是由国际调研组提出的心身医学研究临床诊断概念和结构框架.人们对影响躯体疾病的易损性,病程,预后,康复的心理因素的评估受到日益关注.DCPR的研发理论基础是将来源于心身研究的心理变量转变成用以鉴别诊断的可操作性诊断标准.ICPR是一个简单、有效和可靠的定式访谈工具,可用于筛查、诊断心身疾病和心理生理障碍.补充ICD- 10、DSM、CCMD的临床诊断应用的不足.包含了十二组心身综合征,其目的是将影响躯体状况预后和治疗价值中的心理变量转化为客观的心身医学研究用诊断标准用工具.这十二组症状包括健康焦虑,死亡恐惧症,疾病恐惧症,疾病否认,持续的躯体化症状,转换性障碍,继发于精神障碍的功能性躯体症状,周年反应,精神消沉,易激惹心境,A型行为和述情障碍.提出心身疾病临床多轴诊断系统.     

助听器的发展与听障患者听觉言语康复

随着近现代科技的进步,助听器产生并快速地发展起来.这体现在它的功用上,也表现在它的个性化及智能化.助听器的应用,使相当部分中度或重度聋的听障患者恢复听觉并得以进行言语康复训练回归主流社会,这大大提高了听障患者的生活质量,也带来了巨大的社会效益.助听器和助听技术正处在飞速发展之中,其前景是光明的.     

基于信任修复归因模型的医患信任修复研究

医患信任是建立良好医患关系的基础,对维护医师的执业环境、构建和谐医患关系具有重要意义.基于信任修复归因模型,从能力、善心、正直三个方面对医患信任缺失的原因进行分析,并对每个层面的原因源、稳定性和可控性进行深层次的研究.在此基础上,系统地提出修复医患信任的对策措施.     

基于内科查房会话语料的医生礼貌策略分析

采用录音方式收集50例内科查房语料,用Brown和Levinson的面子理论分析了医患会话中医生的礼貌策略,发现医生使用的积极礼貌策略类型有反馈、称谓、关照和赞誉等,消极礼貌策略主要有弱化、主动两类,且消极礼貌策略使用频率高于积极礼貌策略.分析显示现阶段平等的医患关系尚未完全建立.     

HPV疫苗预防子宫颈癌的临床应用进展及思考

子宫颈癌是引起女性死亡的第二大癌症.研究证实人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染与子宫颈癌有着十分密切的关系.近年来,HPV疫苗在预防和治疗子宫颈癌方面备受关注,多种新型预防性HPV疫苗已在部分国家上市.但是HPV疫苗的研制、使用、推广仍面临许多难题,有待广大医疗工作者共同思考和解决.     

易、庄哲学中“通”的观念及其当代启示

"通"是中国传统哲学与文化中的重要语词之一,也是重要的思想与哲学的概念和观念之一。《周易》哲学中的"穷变通久"观念,庄子哲学中的"道通为一"的观念,都是中国古代哲学的对"通"所作出的智慧性的哲学思考。就学术史而言,章学诚《释通》一文则比较全面地阐释了中国传统文化中"通"的观念,以及"通"与"专"的辩证关系。本文则在传统哲学思想的基础之上,提出了"通性"的哲学思考,希望能以"通"为核心观念建立当代中国哲学的"通"论。     

潜在锚定效应的加工机制初探

潜在锚定效应指的是阈限下的启动锚定数字导致的锚定效应现象.本研究探讨了潜在锚定效应的产生机制.采用2(潜在锚类型:高锚vs低锚)×2(词汇类型:夏天vs冬天)混合设计.结果发现,在潜在高锚情况下,夏天词汇的反应时(M=745.50)显著快于冬天词汇的反应时;在潜在低锚情况下,冬天词汇的反应时(M=697.47)显著快于夏天词汇的反应时.即被试对与启动锚定数字信息一致的词汇判断的反应时比不一致的更快.研究结果表明,潜在锚定效应的产生是由于锚定数字内部命题属性被激活导致的.