自我对话与情绪智力的关系:自我意识的中介作用

以389名大学生为被试,采用自我对话量表、自我意识量表和情绪智力量表,考察了三者之间的关系,以说明自我意识在自我对话与情绪智力的关系中所起的中介效应。结果表明,在中国大学生群体中,自我对话的自我激励维度得分最低,其次是社会评价维度,自我批判和自我管理维度得分最高;自我意识在自我对话和情绪智力的关系中起着完全中介作用;自我意识包含两个维度即私我意识与公我意识,私我意识在自我对话与情绪智力的关系中起着部分中介作用,公我意识在自我对话与情绪智力的关系中起着部分中介作用,并且私我意识的中介效应大于公我意识的中介效应。     

Data-driven Q-matrix validation using a residual-based statistic in cognitive diagnostic assessment

In a cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA), attributes refer to fine-grained knowledge points or skills. The Q -matrix is a central component of CDA, which specifies the relationship between items and attributes. Oftentimes, attributes and Q -matrix are defined by subject-matter experts, and assumed to be appropriate without any misspecifications. However, this assumption does not always hold in real applications. To address this concern, this paper proposes a residual-based statistic for validating the Q -matrix. Its performance is evaluated in a simulation study and compared against that of an existing method proposed in Liu, Xu and Ying (2012, Applied Psychological Measurement, 36, 548). Simulation results indicate that the proposed method leads to a higher recovery rate of the Q -matrix and is computationally more efficient. The advantage in computational efficiency is particularly pronounced when the number of attributes measured by the test reaches five or more. Results also suggest that the two methods have different tendencies in estimating the attribute vector for each item. In cases where the methods fail to recover the correct Q -matrix, the method in Liu et al. (2012, Applied Psychological Measurement, 36, 548) tends to overestimate the number of attributes measured by the items, whereas our method does not show that bias.     

Applying self-determination theory to understand the motivational impact of cash rewards: New evidence from lab experiments

We investigated, based on self-determination theory (SDT), the impact of the functional meaning of monetary rewards on individuals' motivation and performance and further tested the role of the psychological needs as the underlying mechanism. In two experimental studies, we show that when presented in an autonomy-supportive way, rewards lead participants to experience greater intrinsic motivation, which leads them to perform better, than when monetary rewards are presented in a controlling way. This is mediated by greater psychological need satisfaction, indicating that through greater feelings of competence, autonomy, and relatedness, individuals experience greater intrinsic motivation for the task at hand. Our findings suggest that rewards can have a distinct effect on individuals' motivation and performance depending on whether they take on an autonomy-supportive or controlling meaning, thus providing empirical evidence for the theoretical and practical implications of SDT's concept of functional meaning of rewards. By highlighting the importance of this concept, this research contributes to our understanding of the effectiveness of such rewards in the workplace, suggesting that they can foster employee motivation and performance if organisations present them to employees in an autonomy-supportive way to convey an informational meaning and positively contribute to their psychological need stisfaction.     

Your love makes me feel more secure: Boosting attachment security decreases materialistic values

Enhanced interpersonal security has been shown to diminish the desire for money and possessions. In the present study, we focus on attachment security to examine the relationship between attachment security and materialism. By employing the experience in close relationships – short scale and material values scale, we observed a positive relationship between attachment insecurity and materialism in Study 1. In Study 2, we primed participants' feeling of attachment security to further explore the impact of attachment security on materialistic values. The results showed that participants in the security-priming group exhibited lower levels of state materialism (Study 2a) and a longer time to respond to materialism-related words (Studies 2b and 2c) than participants in the neutral condition. However, attachment styles did not moderate the attachment security-materialism relationship. Our findings reveal that regardless of attachment style, boosting attachment security can effectively decrease materialism.     

整合性学习观的动物行为模型探索

我国当下的学习观以渐进性学习为主。研究尝试提出“整合性学习”的学习观, 以40只SD大鼠为被试,采用2(学习方式：整合/渐进)×2(性别：雄/雌)组间设计,运用14单元组合T迷宫进行五阶段的动物行为建模。结果显示,1)学习错误次数上,整合少于渐进、雄性少于雌性;2)整合较渐进学习效果的迁移性更好;3)各组皆出现对第一段原正确路径的固着。由此得出：整合性学习更长效,习得的知识具有整体性、组块化、范畴化的可迁移的特征。     

内源性空间线索有效性对视听觉整合的影响

采用内源性线索-靶子范式, 操纵线索类型(有效线索、无效线索)和靶刺激通道类型(视觉刺激、听觉刺激、视听觉刺激)两个自变量, 通过两个实验, 分别设置50%和80%两种内源性空间线索有效性来考察不同空间线索有效性条件下内源性空间注意对视听觉整合的影响。结果发现, 当线索有效性为50%时(实验1), 有效线索位置和无效线索位置的视听觉整合效应没有显著差异; 当线索有效性为80%时(实验2), 有效线索位置的视听觉整合效应显著大于无效线索位置的视听觉整合效应。结果表明, 线索有效性不同时, 内源性空间注意对视听觉整合产生了不同的影响, 高线索有效性条件下内源性空间注意能够促进视听觉整合效应。     

外倾性对成人生活满意度的影响：敬畏与自我控制的链式中介效应

为考察外倾性、敬畏、自我控制与生活满意度间的关系,采用问卷法对858名成人进行调查。研究采用偏差校对非参数百分位Bootstrap置信区间法,采用AMOS22.0进行中介效应分析。结果发现：（1）外倾性、敬畏、自我控制与生活满意度之间两两显著正相关;（2）外倾性直接影响生活满意度;（3）外倾性可以分别通过敬畏、敬畏→自我控制两条间接路径对生活满意度产生中介效应。结果表明,成人的敬畏、自我控制在外倾性与生活满意度间具有链式中介效应。     

求同方能存异：上下级学习目标导向契合对创造力的影响

为探讨领导-员工学习目标导向与领导反馈环境对员工创造力的交互作用机制,对305名领导-员工配对样本进行问卷调查。结果表明：（1）领导学习目标导向显著正向预测员工创造力;（2）领导反馈环境在领导学习目标导向和员工创造力之间起中介作用;（3）员工学习目标导向对领导学习目标导向和领导反馈环境之间的关系起调节作用,相对于学习目标导向低的员工,当员工学习目标导向高时,领导学习目标导向对反馈环境的积极影响大。     

依恋回避对愤怒抑制的影响:亲密关系权力感的中介作用

依恋回避是指一个人不信任伴侣的好意,防御性地保持行为和情感的独立.愤怒抑制表示抑制愤怒情绪的外在表现.为了探讨依恋回避对愤怒抑制的影响及其内在机制,以具有恋爱经历的成年个体为被试,采用实验法和问卷法,先后对267人、101人、429人进行依恋回避、亲密关系权力感和愤怒抑制的测量,并检验中介作用.结果显示,在亲密关系中:...     

具身认知视角下语义理解中的身体角色:以研究方法为线索

具身认知认为,概念形成和语言理解等高级心理过程本质上是以感知觉和运动经验为基础的。神经影像学研究发现,理解身体动作词激活了支配该部分肢体的感觉运动脑区。理解手部、脚部和面部动作词能够相应激活支配手部、脚部和面部的感觉运动脑区,体现出一种身体动作词语义理解激活的脑区与真实身体动作激活脑区的耦合效应。临床和经颅磁刺激研究结果表明,感觉运动皮层的激活与身体动作词语义处理具有因果性作用。未来研究应关注身体动作词语义理解的具身程度以及相关语言疗法在临床患者机能恢复中所起的作用。