The Experience of Underemployment

The authors conducted an exploratory study of male college graduates who experienced underemployment to discover significant events occurring during this experience and the feelings attached to those events.     

Contributing Factors to Early Premature Termination at a College Counseling Center

The authors investigated the relationships between clients' early premature termination of counseling and ratings of their counselors' expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness and the extent to which clients believed that they were understood by their counselors. A follow-up survey was conducted to assess the clients' reasons for terminating prematurely. Participants were 148 students who sought individual counseling at a university counseling center. The two groups did not differ on the variables investigated. Most of the participants who terminated prematurely reported that they did so because they did not have time for further sessions, did not need further sessions, or forgot their appointments.     

Effects of Assertiveness Training on the Self-Esteem of Black High School Students

Effects of assertiveness training on assertive behaviors and self-esteem were investigated among Black high school students. Results showed a significant difference between scores of males and females on the written assertiveness measure. Scores of the 9 females in the experimental group accounted for all of the change, whereas scores of the 18 males actually dropped somewhat. No significant differences appeared on assertiveness or self-esteem across conditions, however. Possible reasons for lack of effects of the training are discussed. Continued study is necessary to identify ways for Blacks to meet their needs by moving from passive or aggressive approaches to assertive ones.     

Self-Actualization Need Strength: Moderator of Relationships Between Job Characteristics and Job Outcomes

The moderating effect of self-actualization need strength on the relationships between job characteristics and job outcomes was investigated. Results provide strong support for its effect on the relationships between job complexity and four of five outcome measures and suggest that responses of workers in the public and private sectors are similar.     

Trends in Advertised SCANS Competencies: Technology,Interpersonal, and Basic Communication Job Skills, 1992–1996

This longitudinal study was conducted to Identify trends In entry-level technology, interpersonal, and basic skills related to communication using classified advertisements from 10 standard metropolitan statistical areas in the United States. Two competencies and one foundation skill were selected from the Workplace Know-How's identified in the 1991 U.S. Department of Labor's Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS). Results indicate a decline in the number of classified advertisements specifically including technology and basic skills related to communication. Ads including interpersonal skills increased for a 2nd consecutive year, although overall percentages remained low.     

Firm Affinities

Jung apparently had learned Enghsh by the time he went to the Burgholzli Clinic, in 1900. There he worked with American and British psychiatrists, wrote papers in Enghsh, and treated his first American analysands. Through one of these, Medill McCormick, Jung came to know influential Americans and his curiosity about the United States grew. In 1909, he first visited the States, along with Freud, and by the time of their break Jung had established 'firm atfinities' with America. His relations with Great Britain took root about then. The first Jungian group was formed under the leadership of Constance Long, who was effective also in organizing American Jungians. After the Great War, Jung fiequently visited England to lecture and lead seminars arranged by H. G. Baynes and M. Esther Harding. He travelled to the American Southwest, East Afiica, and India in the company of American and Enghsh fiiends. After World War 11, Jung's association with Mary and Paul Mellon's Bollingen Foundation and the publishers Routledge and Kegan Paul led to the joint project of the Collected Works . In 1976, fifieen years after Jung's death, the twentieth and final volume appeared, and work on editions of Jung's letters, interviews, and seminars, also under American and British auspices, was well advanced.     

ON THE INTERCHANGEABILITY OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE MEASURES OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A META-ANALYSIS

A meta-analysis of studies containing both objective and subjective ratings of employee performance resulted in a corrected mean correlation of .389. This value, although significantly greater than zero, indicates that objective and subjective performance measures should not be used interchangeably. Moreover, in no moderator subgroup examined did the correlation suggest convergent validity. After discussing issues related to resolving the previous anomalies of primary and meta-analytic results, a secondary analysis suggested that objective and subjective measures of the same construct at the same level may be used inter-changeably. The secondary analysis, however, was based on a very limited sample. Future research should address the appropriate dimensionality of employee performance.