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251.
SUSAN D. PHILLIPS MYRNA L. FRIEDLANDER PETER P. KOST RANDY V. SPECTERMAN ERICA S. ROBBINS 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1988,67(3):169-173
In this archival study the authors sought to determine the relationship, if any, between counseling outcomes and the topical focus in career counseling. Twenty-two counselors saw 46 adult clients at a community-based clinic for an average of eight sessions. Counseling outcome and topical focus (the extent to which the actual content of counseling sessions reflected relatively more vocationally or personally focused topics) were assessed from follow-up questionnaires to former career clients and from trained raters' evaluations of the counselors' written progress notes. Results showed that, from the counselors' perspective, outcomes were better when the focus of the sessions was relatively more vocational than personal and when relatively more interviews were held. Client satisfaction, on the other hand, was predictable only from the counselor's level of experience. Satisfaction with occupational status was not associated with any of the client, counselor, or treatment factors. Discussion focuses on the contribution of the results to career counseling practice and on the feasibility and validity of retrospective, archival research. 相似文献
252.
253.
The goal of the authors is to (a) create an awareness among counselors about the nature and prevalence of child sexual abuse, (b) examine myths and realities about the topic, and (c) present recommendations for interviewing suspected victims of child sexual abuse. 相似文献
254.
Legal and nonlegal factors influencing the civil commitment recommendations of psychologists and psychiatrists separately and as a whole were investigated using an experimental design. One hundred and seventy-six psychologists and psychiatrists made recommendations for or against commitment for a series of clinical vignettes wherein the five facets of commitment criterion, legal committability, clinical treatability, alternative resources and presence of psychosis were systematically varied. Results revealed that all facets contributed independently and in combination to the commitment decisions of participants as a whole. It was concluded that mental health professionals may utilize a variety of types of information, beyond the relevant legal criteria, in making actual decisions to initiate civil commitments. 相似文献
255.
Celeste P. M. Wilderom 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1988,1(3):57-68
In our rapidly changing environment, both profit and non-profit organizations confront an increasing demand for technological,
economic, and social innovation. In response to this demand, organizations are taking on the role of “change agents” by transforming
existing practices into innovative action. Libraries, as centers that accumulate and disperse knowledge, can support these
organizations in their “change agent” roles. This paper delineates the way public libraries can help organizations meet the
increasing need for external information associated with innovation. Policy issues concerned with efficient information transfer
to user organizationss are specified, and two concrete examples of information transfer systems are described. In order to
best utilize existing knowledge,personal-professional assistance in selecting potentially innovative,impersonal written materials is recommended.
Dr. Celeste P. M. Wilderom is an assistant professor at the School of Economics of the Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
and a research associate in organization behavior at the School of Management, S.U.N.Y., Buffalo. NY 14260. Her Ph.D. is in
organizational psychology from S.U.N.Y., Buffalo, Where she taught in the Schools of Management and Social Work. Dr. Wilderom's
research interests are behaviors in service and nonprofit organizations, problems of cross-cultural managemet and educational
issues in the social sciences. 相似文献
256.
P. Paul Heppner Ann H. Baumgardner Lisa M. Larson Richard E. Petty 《Counselling psychology quarterly》1988,1(2-3):129-143
This study examined the usefulness of an 8-week applied problem-solving training program. Specifically, the study examined (a) whether problem-solving training that emphasised self-management principles would be useful, (b) if the effects of training would persist over time, (c) whether an individual difference variable (problem-solving appraisal) would affect training outcomes, and (d) whether the cognitive responses of the subjects during the course of training were related to their problem-solving appraisal or the change process. Results indicated that problem solving training was effective at enhancing students’ problem-solving appraisal, and that the self-report changes were maintained at a 1 year follow-up. In particular, training seemed most useful for students who initially appraised their problem solving very negatively. Finally, the results suggested that the process-oriented cognitive responses were related to students' initial problem-solving self-appraisal as well as the impact of training. Implications of the results are discussed in terms of counselling interventions, problem solving training, the interpersonal influence process, and future research. 相似文献
257.
A computer-controlled system that detects spontaneous activity (locomotion and rearing) and diurnal activity rhythms in small animals is described. Automatic recording of subtotals during test periods provides data about habituation (nonassociative learning). The system is relatively inexpensive to construct. Fabricated from highly reliable circuit components, it provides replicable measures that enable comparisons between different experimental treatments to be made using parametric statistics. 相似文献
258.
Gordon W. Russell Sherry L. Di Lullo Dany Di Lullo 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1988,7(4):312-321
Males were randomly assigned to view either (1) a film clip featuring hockey fights or (2) a film of nonaggressive hockey
action or (3) a no-film control condition after having first been angered or treated politely by an experimental confederate.
The dependent variable was represented by a measure of aggressive mood and a behavioral measure of retaliatory aggression.
Analyses revealed that both angered and nonangered subjects exhibited an increase in aggressive mood following exposure to
the fight film. However, the analysis involving retaliatory aggression against the confederate yielded an anger x film interaction.
While angered subjects were more aggressive than nonangered, only angered subjects retaliated against the confederate after
viewing the fight film. The results were discussed in terms of Berkowitz’s (1974) aggressive cue theory.
A version of this paper was presented at the meeting of the North American Society for the Sociology of Sport, Edmonton, Canada,
November 1987. 相似文献
259.
W. J. Jacobs M. Buttrick D. Kennedy 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1988,23(1):29-34
The present study outlines a rapid and sensitive on-the-baseline conditional emotional response (CER) procedure. Using rats as the experimental subject, the method detects delay conditioning, incubation, extinction and spontaneous recovery. In addition, the method detects conditional responding using electric shock ranging from 0.23 to 0.50 mA as the unconditional stimulus. Because of its speed and sensitivity, the method shelters the subject from unnecessary long-term deprivation and pain. 相似文献
260.
This study investigated social sensitivity and self-concept in students with learning disabilities (LD) and their non-learning-disabled (non-LD) peers. Thirty students each from public junior and senior high schools and a community college participated in the study; at each grade level, half were identified as learning disabled and half experienced no learning problem. Students were individually assessed in 30-minute interviews for their accuracy in interpreting the thoughts and feelings of actors in tape-recorded stories depicting two adults in happy angry, anxious, and sad interactions. A questionnaire assessing four dimensions of self-concept in learning situations (motivation, task orientation, problem-solving ability, and class membership) was also administered. LD students at all grade levels were significantly less accurate at interpreting social situations than were their non-LD peers, and had significantly lower self-concepts. These results support the need for remediation efforts specifically aimed at social skills for overcoming social deficits in adulthood. 相似文献