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1.
Stefan R. Schweinberger Anja Herholz Volker Stief 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1997,50(3):498-517
Two experiments examined repetition priming in the recognition of famous voices. In Experiment 1, reaction times for fame decisions to famous voice samples were shorter than in an unprimed condition, when voices were primed by a different voice sample of the same person having been presented in an earlier phase of the experiment. No effect of voice repetition was observed for non-famous voices. In Experiment 2, it was investigated whether this priming effect is voice-specific or whether it is related to post-perceptual processes in person recognition. Recognizing a famous voice was again primed by having earlier heard a different voice sample of that person. Although an earlier exposure to that person's name did not cause any priming, there was some indication of priming following an earlier exposure to that person's face. Finally, earlier exposure to the identical voice sample (as compared to a different voice sample from the same person) caused a considerable bias towards responding 'famous'-i.e. performance benefits for famous but costs for nonfamous voices. The findings suggestthat (1) repetition priming invoice recognition primarily involves the activation of perceptual representations of voices, and (2) it is important to determine the conditions in which priming causes bias effects that need to be disentangled from performance benefits. 相似文献
2.
Volker Gadenne 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》1989,20(1):146-147
Struve has tried to refute my critic of the structuralist thesis that testing theories leads in an epistemological circle. But he misunderstands the thesis he wants to defend. 相似文献
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4.
Amlie Mummendey Volker Linneweber Gabi Lschper 《European journal of social psychology》1984,14(3):297-311
The present study investigated the general assumption of perspective-specific dissent between actor and victim in evaluating aggressive interactions. Four experimental designs were established to test the relation of evaluations between (a) actor versus victim when judging a single act, (b) initiator versus reactor when judging action and reaction, and (c) actor as well as recipient when judging own versus other's behaviour. Results of 2 × 2 ANOVAs supported the hypotheses showing a consistently more favourable evaluation of identical actions by actors versus recipients with respect to the dependent variable ‘appropriateness’. For the second dependent variable ‘aggressiveness’ differences were not significant. 相似文献
5.
Volker Halbach 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》1997,26(1):69-80
A theory of the transfinite Tarskian hierarchy of languages is outlined and compared to a notion of partial truth by Kripke. It is shown that the hierarchy can be embedded into Kripkes minimal fixed point model. From this results on the expressive power of both approaches are obtained. 相似文献
6.
Michael J. Tarr Hemnch H. Bulthoff Manon Zabinski Volker Blanz 《Psychological science》1997,8(4):282-289
Abstract— We investigated how varying the number of unique pans within an object influences recognition across changes in viewpoint The stimuli were shaded objects composed of five three-dimensional volumes tinted end to end with varying connection angles Of the five volumes, zero, one, three, or jive were qualitatively distinct (e g, brick vs cone), the rest being tubes Sequential-matching and naming tasks depth Three major results stand out First, regardless of the number of distinct parts, there was increasingly poorer recognition performance viewpoint change for objects with one unique part was less than that for the other objects Third, additional pans beyond a single unique part produced strong viewpoint dependency comparable to that ob representations encode both quantitative and qualitative features 相似文献
7.
Volker Halbach 《Erkenntnis》1995,43(3):339-367
The general notions of object- and metalanguage are discussed and as a special case of this relation an arbitrary first order language
with an infinite model is expanded by a predicate symbol T0 which is interpreted as truth predicate for
. Then the expanded language is again augmented by a new truth predicate T1 for the whole language
plus T0. This process is iterated into the transfinite to obtain the Tarskian hierarchy of languages. It is shown that there are natural points for stopping this process. The sets which become definable in suitable hierarchies are investigated, so that the relevance of the Tarskian hierarchy to some subjects of philosophy of mathematics are clarified.It should be noticed that these terms object language and meta language have only a relative sense. If, for instance, we become interested in the notion of truth applying to sentences, not of our original object-language, but of our meta-language, the latter becomes automatically the object-language of our discussion; and in order to define truth for this language, we have to go to a new meta-language — so to speak, to a meta-language of a higher level. In this way we arrive at a whole hierarchy of languages.(Tarski, 1986, p. 674f) 相似文献
8.
This field study represents the continuing effort to identify the determinants of learning within experiential small study groups. Thirty-seven training groups from the 1996 Institute of the American Group Psychotherapy Association were studied. Three process measures (Group Relationship Questionnaire [GRQ], Leader Adjective Measure [LAM], and Group Climate Questionnaire [GCQ]) were administered to 434 group members after the first two of four group sessions. Process variables were used to predict learning (measured by the Learning Evaluation Form [LEF]) at the end of the training groups. The factors derived from each of the measures showed good to excellent correspondence with previous studies employing the same instruments. Results suggest that perceptions of the leader and the group, rather than perceptions of one's own relationship to other group members, are more robust predictors of learning in these short-term training groups. Specifically, perceptions of an emotionally engaged group willing to confront conflict, and perceptions of a skillful leader, proved to be significant predictors of learning. Implications for the training of group therapists and group therapy research are discussed. 相似文献
9.
The nature and treatment of stuttering as revealed by fMRI A within- and between-group comparison 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Neumann K Euler HA von Gudenberg AW Giraud AL Lanfermann H Gall V Preibisch C 《Journal of Fluency Disorders》2003,28(4):381-410
This article reviews some of our recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of stuttering. Using event-related fMRI experiments, we investigated brain activation during speech production. Results of three studies comparing persons who stutter (PWS) and persons who do not stutter (PWNS) are outlined. Their findings point to a region in the right frontal operculum (RFO) that was consistently implicated in stuttering. During overt reading and before fluency shaping therapy, PWS showed higher and more distributed neuronal activation than PWNS. Immediately after therapy differential activations were even more distributed and left sided. They extended to frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, anterior cingulate, insula, and putamen. These over-activations were slightly reduced and again more right sided two years after therapy. Left frontal deactivations remained stable over two years of observation, and therefore possibly indicate a dysfunction. After therapy, we noted higher activations in persons who stutter moderately than in those who stutter severely. These activations might reflect patterns of compensation. We discuss why these findings suggest that fluency-inducing techniques might synchronize a disturbed signal transmission between auditory, speech motor planning, and motor areas.
Educational objectives: The reader will learn about and be able to: (1) identify regions of brain activations and deactivations specific for PWS; (2) describe brain activation changes induced by fluency shaping therapy; and (3) discuss the correlation between stuttering severity and brain activation. 相似文献
10.