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71.
In an alloy that is strengthened by long-range-ordered particles, a matrix dislocation generates an antiphase boundary (APB) when it cuts through such a particle. The specific energy n APB of this APB has been measured for two fcc alloys with spherical coherent L12 ordered particles: an Al-7.5at.%Li-alloy and the commercial Ni-base superalloy Nimonic PE16. Peak-aged specimens have been deformed and Orowan loops searched for using transmission electron microscopy. n APB has been derived from the radii of the smallest dislocation loops which have been left behind around particles. Such an approach had been used previously, for example, by Raynor and Silcock and by Nembach et al . Here an improved evaluation method has been applied; it is based on the results of computer simulations of the equilibrium configurations of dislocation loops. 相似文献
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73.
Volker Peckhaus 《逻辑史和逻辑哲学》2013,34(1):3-14
In a series of publications beginning in the 1980s, John Etchemendy has argued that the standard semantical account of logical consequence, due in its essentials to Alfred Tarski, is fundamentally mistaken. He argues that, while Tarski's definition requires us to classify the terms of a language as logical or non-logical, no such division is guaranteed to deliver the correct extension of our pre-theoretical or intuitive consequence relation. In addition, and perhaps more importantly, Tarski's account is claimed to be incapable of explaining an essential modal/epistemological feature of consequence, namely, its necessity and apriority. Bernard Bolzano (1781–1848) is widely recognized as having anticipated Tarski's definition in his Wissenschaftslehre (or Theory of Science) of 1837. Because of the similarities between his account and Tarski's, Etchemendy's arguments have also been extended to cover Bolzano. The purpose of this article is to consider Bolzano's theory in the light of these criticisms. We argue that, due to important differences between Bolzano's and Tarski's theories, Etchemendy's objections do not apply immediately to Bolzano's account of consequence. Moreover, Bolzano's writings contain the elements of a detailed philosophical response to Etchemendy. 相似文献
74.
Thomas Suslow Udo Dannlowski Volker Arolt Patricia Ohrmann 《Australian journal of psychology》2010,62(4):181-187
The present work represents the first study to investigate the relationship between adult attachment avoidance and anxiety and automatic affective responses to basic facial emotions. Subliminal affective priming methods allowed for the assessment of unconscious affective reactions. An affective priming task using masked sad and happy faces, both of which are approach‐related facial expressions, was administered to 30 healthy volunteers. Participants also completed the Relationship Scales Questionnaire and measures of anxiety and depression. Attachment avoidance was negatively associated with affective priming due to sad (but not happy) facial expressions. This association occurred independently of attachment anxiety, depressivity, and trait anxiety. Attachment anxiety was not correlated with priming due to sad or happy facial expressions. The present results are consistent with the assumption that attachment avoidance moderates automatic affective reaction to sad faces. Our data indicate that avoidant attachment is related to a low automatic affective responsivity to sad facial expressions. 相似文献
75.
Christopher Lopata Jennifer A. Toomey Jeffery D. Fox Martin A. Volker Sabrina Y. Chow Marcus L. Thomeer Gloria K. Lee Jonathan D. Rodgers Christin A. McDonald Audrey M. Smerbeck 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(6):765-776
The purpose of this study was to: (1) examine symptom levels of anxiety and depression in children with high-functioning autism
spectrum disorders (HFASDs) compared with matched control children using child self-reports and parent ratings; and (2) examine
source differences within the two condition groups. An overall multivariate effect indicated significantly elevated depression
and anxiety symptoms for children with HFASDs based on parent reports; however no significant between-group differences based
on child self-reports. Within-condition source comparisons (parent vs. child) revealed a significant multivariate effect indicating
a significant difference in symptoms of depression and anxiety for the HFASD group but none for the control. Correlations
between parent and child reports for the HFASD group suggested some positive association between child-reports and parent-reports
for depressive symptoms only; however, the difference in average scores reflected a substantial discrepancy in the magnitude
of symptoms by rater. Implications for clinical assessment and future research are provided. 相似文献
76.
Prof. Dr. Dr. Wolfgang Schneider Daniela Becker Ralf Dohrenbusch Harald J. Freyberger Harald Gündel Peter Henningsen Sonja Kowalewsky Volker Köllner 《Psychotherapeut》2010,55(5):380-388
The article presents an operationalized and manualized approach for the assessment of the capability of performance. This manual has been conceptualized and tested empirically by a multicentric and interdisciplinary workgroup. It is basically oriented to the “International Classification of Functioning” (ICF; WHO), which is well accepted for assessing the course of chronic diseases and the consequences for the individual. It is especially widely applied in the context of rehabilitation. The different diagnostic levels of the manual and their operationalization are outlined. Furthermore, the first results concerning reliability, content validity, applicability and practicability are described and questions on the areas of application of the instrument are discussed. 相似文献
77.
Sonja Rohrmann Petra Netter Jürgen Hennig Volker Hodapp 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(3):321-329
Psychobiological responses to examination stress in repressors and sensitizers have rarely been investigated with respect to intraindividual response discrepancies. Furthermore, possible sex differences have rarely been taken into consideration. Therefore the present study investigated if repressors and sensitizers differ in their psychobiological responses to stress and if gender plays a modulating role. 30 and 29 students of both sexes selected from a total group of 96 students were classified as repressors or sensitizers each according to the repression-sensitization-coping-inventory (RSCI, Huwe et al.). State anxiety, heart rate, and cortisol in saliva served as indicators of stress. Sensitizers reported higher state anxiety and showed higher physiological stress responses than repressors. On the intraindividual level sensitizers reported high anxiety as compared to their low cortisol responses whereas repressors reported low anxiety as compared to their high cortisol increases. Gender had no modulating influence on stress responses in repressors and sensitizers. 相似文献
78.
Henrik Hopp Sonja Rohrmann Dieter Zapf Volker Hodapp 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(4):399-414
Abstract Current research demonstrates that requirements to express emotions which are not genuinely felt in the particular situation (emotional dissonance) are associated with negative long and short-term effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate: (a) the psychophysiological short-term effects of emotional dissonance in a face-to-face service interaction and (b) the moderating role of gender and neuroticism. In total, 32 women and 27 men were instructed to play the role of a service employee, who had to interact with an angry and rude customer. Half of the sample was given information that the organization expected them to be friendly (emotional dissonance), the other half was told they were expected to act naturally and show their genuine feelings (no emotional dissonance). Subjective and behavioral responses revealed that participants in the “friendly” condition modulated their emotional expressions to a greater extent than those in the “naturally” condition. Participants in the “friendly” condition showed stronger systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses. Furthermore, hierarchical regression analyses yielded that gender and neuroticism partly moderated the association between emotional dissonance and participants' psychophysiological response. 相似文献
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80.