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Linda J. Levine Vincent Prohaska Stewart L. Burgess John A. Rice Tracy M. Laulhere 《Cognition & emotion》2013,27(4):393-417
This research assessed the stability of memory for emotions over time, and the relationship between current appraisals and memory for emotions. A week after the televised announcement of the verdict in the criminal trial of Mr Orenthal James (O.J.) Simpson, participants were asked to describe their emotional reactions and their appraisals when they first learned of the verdict. After a delay of two months, and again after more than a year, participants recalled their initial emotional reactions and described their current appraisals of the verdict. After two months, the more participants' appraisals of Mr Simpson's innocence or guilt had changed, the less stable were their memories for the intensities of happiness and anger. After two months, and after more than a year, systematic changes in memory for happiness, anger, and surprise were found in directions consistent with current appraisals. These findings replicate and extend the findings of Levine (1997), and suggest that memories for emotional responses are partially reconstructed based on current appraisals of events. 相似文献
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Miguel M. Terradas Vincent Domon-Archambault Didier Drieu 《Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy》2020,19(1):25-41
ABSTRACTAs psychoanalytic psychotherapy for children depends on their capacity to mentalize, it is essential to integrate this dimension in their psychological assessment. Mentalization refers to the capacity to identify and comprehend the mental states (feelings, thoughts and intentions) underlying and explaining one’s own behaviors and those of others. This vital ability, which develops during the first five or six years of life in the context of a secure parent-child attachment, is often impaired in children subjected to neglect and maltreatment. Based on rigorous and systematic clinical observations made in youth protection and child psychiatry services, the authors suggest that the children in these settings, along with their parents, frequently present a prementalizing mode of psychic functioning. Further, the authors propose operationalizing the teleological, psychic equivalence, and pretend modes as they might be observed in older children and their parents. To this end, they begin by identifying behaviors, attitudes, and relational patterns potentially linked to each of these modes within a theoretical framework. Next, they describe the characteristics of these children’s narratives, play, and artistic productions. Lastly, three clinical vignettes are used to illustrate how the prementalizing modes are manifested. The results of this clinical assessment can guide the choice of techniques to be used in child psychotherapy. 相似文献
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Vincent Domon-Archambault Psy.D. Miguel M. Terradas Natalie Mikic 《Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy》2020,19(3):321-334
ABSTRACT The systematic and rigorous observations of children in child psychiatry and Youth Protection Services in Quebec revealed that most of these children presented multiple, complex and often severe problems, and did not seem to benefit much from classic psychodynamic psychotherapy. Owing to a poorly developed mentalizing capacity, many of these children did not use symbolic play as a means of expressing their intrapsychic conflicts and relational difficulties and did not communicate much verbally with clinicians. It was noted also that these children’s inner world was dominated by prementalizing modes of thinking, namely, the teleological mode, the psychic equivalence mode, and the pretend mode. This article is the last in a series of three. The first concerns the clinical assessment of prementalizing modes of psychic functioning in children and their parents. The second lays out the general objectives, principles and interventions of a mentalization-based treatment for children. This third article presents specific intervention strategies adapted to children’s predominant mode of thinking. The objectives and techniques regarding each mode are discussed. Three clinical examples serve to illustrate the interventions. The authors suggest that these children must develop a certain degree of mentalizing capacity before they can benefit from classic psychodynamic psychotherapy. 相似文献
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Catherine A. Forestell Vincent M. LoLordo 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》2003,56(1):140-160
Changes in palatability of tastes and flavours as a result of flavour preference conditioning were examined. In Experiment 1, when tastes were paired with glucose in a reverse-order differential conditioning paradigm, rats acquired conditioned preferences for CS + and displayed more hedonic responses to CS + than to CS - in a postconditioning taste reactivity test. In Experiment 2, rats that received oral infusions of flavours as CSs during a reverse-order conditioning procedure expressed both palatability shifts and conditioned preferences for CS + . Rats that received a forward conditioning procedure acquired a preference for CS + , but the palatability of CS + was unchanged. In Experiment 3, hungry rats drank mixtures of a flavour CS and a calorific or sweet tasting reinforcer in a long-exposure conditioning paradigm. When tested hungry, rats preferred CS + whether they had acquired flavour-calorie or flavour-taste associations. However, CS + became more palatable only for rats that acquired flavour-calorie associations. These results suggest that acquisition of flavour preferences, as measured by 2-bottle tests, may not always be accompanied by enhanced palatability. 相似文献
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Vincent J. Cassandro 《Journal of personality》1998,66(5):805-833
It has been established that eminent creative writers tend to die younger than their counterparts in other creative-achievement domains. The present study replicates these findings using a data set of 2102 eminent historical subjects from seven different disciplines, and reviews three extant explanations for this phenomena. Each explanation was tested using an indicator of versatility. None of the life-span hypotheses extended from each explanation to the interaction of achievement domain × versatility was supported. In particular, no models were able to account for the precipitous decrease (2.7 to 8.6 years) in the life spans of versatile scientists when compared to nonversatile scientists. Consequently, a new explanatory model was proposed that draws on psychopathology, vocation choice, and personality characteristics as factors underlying the apparent differences in life span across achievement domains and versatility. 相似文献
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