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Attila Szabo Mark D. Griffiths Zsolt Demetrovics Ricardo de la Vega Roberto Ruíz‐Barquín Istvn Sos Rita Kovacsik 《International journal of psychology》2019,54(5):598-603
Increased research on passion in exercise calls for direct examination of possible moderating variables, such as culture and gender, that could influence the interpretation of the research results. This study using a nation by gender between‐participants design, examined differences in obsessive‐ and harmonious passion in Spanish and Hungarian physically active individuals. Participants (n = 1002) completed the Passion Scale, reported their gender, age and weekly hours of physical activity. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that the experiencing of physical activity‐related obsessive‐ and harmonious passion differed between the 2 countries and Hungarian women scored significantly higher on harmonious and obsessive passion than Spanish women. However, Hungarian men only scored significantly higher on obsessive passion, but not harmonious passion compared to Spanish men. These results suggest that gender and cultural differences are likely to affect the interpretation and generalisation of research on passion and exercise. 相似文献
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Blankenship V Vega CM Ramos E Romero K Warren K Keenan K Rosenow V Vasquez J Sullivan A 《Journal of personality assessment》2006,86(1):100-114
We used the Rasch (1980) model to develop new pictures for the Thematic Apperception Test (C. D. Morgan & Murray, 1938; McClelland, Atkinson, Clark, & Lowell, 1953) or picture story exercise to measure need for achievement (nAch). In Experiments 1 and 2, we analyzed stories to assess the difficulty level of a total of 8 pictures using the multifaceted Rasch model with picture difficulty, story probe difficulty, and participant ability as facets with a partial credit model (FACETS; Linacre, 2005). A total of 6 pictures were retained and 4 new ones added for Experiment 3 in which 201 participants wrote 6 stories to a random set of the 10 pictures. FACETS analysis revealed improved person separation reliability. In Experiment 4, 206 participants wrote 1 story to the Studying picture either before or after filling out a battery of achievement-related questionnaires. The 2 experimental groups did not differ in the amount of nAch in their stories. The coder facet was demonstrated with 2 independent coders using the revised coding system for nAch. 相似文献
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Luis Vega Renon 《Argumentation》1998,12(1):95-113
Aristotle's conception and use of ta endoxa are key points to our understanding of Aristotelian dialectic. But, nowadays, they are not of historical or hermeneutic importance alone, as, in Aristotle's treatment of endoxa, we still see a relevant contribution to the modern study of argumentation. I propose here an interpretation of endoxa to that effect: namely, as plausible propositions. This version is not only defensible in the Aristotelian context, it may also shed new light on some of his assumptions and methodological shortcomings – e.g. concerning the 'plausible/implausible' pair –; finally, it will even enable us to show certain basic hints and guidelines, advanced by Aristotle's study of endoxa, which still serve nowadays to orientate our studies of argumentation from the angle of a theory of plausible argument currently under construction. These hints and guidelines suggest a pragmatic, gradual and comparative discursive concept of plausibility, and point, in particular, towards the reasonable dealing with, and weighing up of, differences of opinion within this frame of reference. 相似文献
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Iván Padrón María Jose Rodrigo Manuel de Vega 《Advances in cognitive psychology / University of Finance and Management in Warsaw》2016,12(1):10-19
We report a study that examined the existence of a cognitive developmental
paradox in the counterfactual evaluation of decision-making outcomes. According
to this paradox adolescents and young adults could be able to apply
counterfactual reasoning and, yet, their counterfactual evaluation of outcomes
could be biased in a salient socio-emotional context. To this aim, we analyzed
the impact of health and social feedback on the counterfactual evaluation of
outcomes in a laboratory decision-making task involving short narratives with
the presence of peers. Forty risky (e.g., taking or refusing a drug), forty
neutral decisions (e.g., eating a hamburger or a hotdog), and emotions felt
following positive or negative outcomes were examined in 256 early, mid- and
late adolescents, and young adults, evenly distributed. Results showed that
emotional ratings to negative outcomes (regret and disappointment) but not to
positive outcomes (relief and elation) were attenuated when feedback was
provided. Evidence of development of cognitive decision-making capacities did
also exist, as the capacity to perform faster emotional ratings and to
differentially allocate more resources to the elaboration of emotional ratings
when no feedback information was available increased with age. Overall, we
interpret these findings as challenging the traditional cognitive developmental
assumption that development necessarily proceeds from lesser to greater
capacities, reflecting the impact of socio-emotional processes that could bias
the counterfactual evaluation of social decision-making outcomes. 相似文献
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Teleworkers are an increasingly large proportion of the workforce. Despite the popularity of telework, organizations are concerned that telework offers employees more opportunity to engage in counterproductive work behavior (CWB). We argue that current CWB scales are inappropriate for the telework setting because this context affects the types of employee behavior that can (a) feasibly be enacted and (b) conceptually be considered as CWB. In this article, we develop a CWB scale suitable for the telework setting (i.e., the T-CWB scale) by addressing the errors of contamination (commission) and omission present in existing CWB scales vis-à-vis the telework setting. We end by outlining an agenda for future research on CWB in the telework setting. 相似文献
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One of the most common types of errors produced by aphasic patients during oral word production is semantic errors. However, although aphasia semantic errors are often treated as a single homogenous group, there are, in fact, several subtypes defined by the nature of the error-target relationship: paradigmatic, if the two words are category coordinates; syntagmatic, if they are associatively related but from different semantic categories; and superordinate, if the meaning of the error is broader than the meaning of the target. The goal of this study was to investigate whether or not these various subtypes of semantic errors have a similar processing origin. With this objective, we compared the patterns of semantic errors made by a group of Alzheimer patients in a picture-naming task with those made by a group of aphasic patients. We examined the percentages of the different error types, the degree of association between target and error, and the frequency values both of errors and targets. The results suggest that the three subtypes of semantic errors have different origins: the superordinate appear to arise at the semantic level, the syntagmatic at the lexical level, and the paradigmatic at both levels of processing. 相似文献
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People with Williams syndrome are characterized by linguistic abilities that are higher than their level of intelligence. There is controversy concerning their reading level because there are few studies. The aim of this work was to test reading abilities in a group of school-age children with Williams syndrome. Their performance was contrasted with a control group of the same mental age. Three kinds of tasks were used: word and pseudoword reading, phonological awareness, and naming speed. Results show that the Williams syndrome children performed similarly to control children in reading accuracy but were slower in reading words and pseudowords. They were also slower in the naming speed tasks. These results suggest that Williams syndrome children do not have difficulties in developing grapheme-phoneme decoding but do present some difficulties in developing lexical reading. 相似文献