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211.
Ferreira Vitor Hugo Bessa Barbarat Maxence Lormant Flore Germain Karine Brachet Mathilde Løvlie Hanne Calandreau Ludovic Guesdon Vanessa 《Animal cognition》2020,23(4):769-780
Animal Cognition - Animals can navigate an environment relying on different sources of information, such as geometrical or featural cues. The favoring of one type of information over another... 相似文献
212.
What reaction stops revenge taking? Four experiments (total N = 191) examined this question where the victim of an interpersonal transgression could observe the offender's reaction (anger, sadness, pain, or calm) to a retributive noise punishment. We compared the punishment intensity selected by the participant before and after seeing the offender's reaction. Seeing the opponent in pain reduced subsequent punishment most strongly, while displays of sadness and verbal indications of suffering had no appeasing effect. Expression of anger about a retributive punishment did not increase revenge seeking relative to a calm reaction, even when the anger response was disambiguated as being angry with the punisher. It is concluded that the expression of pain is the most effective emotional display for the reduction of retaliatory aggression. The findings are discussed in light of recent research on reactive aggression and retributive justice. 相似文献
213.
Vanessa M. Patrick Matthew P. Lancellotti Gustavo Demello 《Journal of Consumer Psychology》2009,19(3):463-472
This research presents a framework based on coping theory to explain the different ways of managing the stress of regret for inaction. We theorize that primary appraisals of goal-relevance and secondary appraisals of reversibility affect how consumers cope with the stress of inaction regret resulting in different behavioral outcomes. Prior research has focused on two outcomes of regret for inaction—inaction inertia and dissonance reduction—that result in the decreased intent to avail of a similar future opportunity. This research proposes that these are not inevitable outcomes, but rather coping responses. Further, if the forgone opportunity is appraised to be goal-relevant and reversible, consumers engage in active coping that results in increased behavioral intent. 相似文献
214.
Joseph L. Flanders Vanessa Leo Daniel Paquette Robert O. Pihl Jean R. Séguin 《Aggressive behavior》2009,35(4):285-295
Rough‐and‐tumble play (RTP) is a common form of play between fathers and children. It has been suggested that RTP can contribute to the development of selfregulation. This study addressed the hypothesis that the frequency of father–child RTP is related to the frequency of physically aggressive behavior in early childhood. This relationship was expected to be moderated by the dominance relationship between father and son during play. Eighty‐five children between the ages of 2 and 6 years were videotaped during a free‐play session with their fathers in their homes and questionnaire data was collected about father–child RTP frequency during the past year. The play dyads were rated for the degree to which the father dominated play interactions. A significant statistical interaction revealed that RTP frequency was associated with higher levels of physical aggression in children whose fathers were less dominant. These results indicate that RTP is indeed related to physical aggression, though this relationship is moderated by the degree to which the father is a dominant playmate. Aggr. Behav. 35:285–295, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
215.
Sexual compliance involves willing acquiescence to unwanted sex for the good of the relationship. Northeastern U.S. undergraduate women in exclusive relationships (N?=?193) anonymously reported on their sexual behaviors and motives, investment in ideal womanhood, and romantic well-being. About 37% (n?=?72) reported sexual compliance. As expected, sexually compliant women reported greater investment in ideal womanhood than non-compliant women, although unexpectedly, they reported less overall satisfaction and similar commitment. Women’s compliance was motivated more by pursuing relationship enhancement than by avoiding conflict. Regardless, only avoidance motives were associated (negatively) with relationship satisfaction. Compliant women who reported more frequent compliance motivated by conflict avoidance reported particularly low satisfaction. These findings challenge conceptualizations of women’s sexual compliance as beneficial. 相似文献
216.
Vanessa K. Lim Anna J. Wilson Jeff P. Hamm Nicola Phillips Sarina J. Iwabuchi Michael C. Corballis Ferdinando Arzarello Michael O.J. Thomas 《Brain and cognition》2009
Objective
To examine whether or not university mathematics students semantically process gestures depicting mathematical functions (mathematical gestures) similarly to the way they process action gestures and sentences. Semantic processing was indexed by the N400 effect.Results
The N400 effect elicited by words primed with mathematical gestures (e.g. “converging” and “decreasing”) was the same in amplitude, latency and topography as that elicited by words primed with action gestures (e.g. drive and lift), and that for terminal words of sentences.Significance and conclusion
Findings provide a within-subject demonstration that the topographies of the gesture N400 effect for both action and mathematical words are indistinguishable from that of the standard language N400 effect. This suggests that mathematical function words are processed by the general language semantic system and do not appear to involve areas involved in other mathematical concepts (e.g. numerosity). 相似文献217.
Elementary-school children (81 boys, 72 girls, aged 5–10 years) in the Southwest United States were taught to challenge peers’ sexist remarks to (a) improve school climate for gender nontraditional children, (b) decrease children’s gender-typed attitudes, and (c) test hypotheses linking gender identity and peer-directed gender role behaviors. Children either practiced using retorts to peers’ sexist remarks (practice condition) or heard stories about others’ retorts (narrative condition). At pretest, children rarely challenged peers’ sexist remarks. At posttest, children’s challenges were significantly more common in the practice than narrative condition. At the 6-month posttest, data showed intervention effects had become more widespread. Behavioral changes led to decreases in gender-typing of others among girls but not boys. 相似文献
218.
Patrick C. L. Heaven Kathryn Newbury Vanessa Wilson 《Personality and individual differences》2004,36(8):1817-1825
This study assessed relationships between scores on Eysenck's psychoticism (P) scale and delinquent behaviours among high school and university students. Respondents were 347 high school students (M AGE=15.34 years) and 220 first-year university students (M AGE=19.11 years). There were notable differences across the two groups. Whereas most delinquency items correlated significantly with P among the school students, this was not the case among the university students. It is concluded that, while the P scale predicts most delinquent behaviours among younger respondents, it best predicts more serious delinquent behaviours among non-criminal adults. The results are discussed in the context of previous research using the P scale. 相似文献
219.
Travis H. Turner Jenna B. Renfroe Amy Duppstadt-Delambo Vanessa K. Hinson 《Journal of motor behavior》2017,49(6):657-667
Speed and control of saccades are related to disease progression and cognitive functioning in Parkinson's disease (PD). Traditional eye-tracking complexities encumber application for individual evaluations and clinical trials. The authors examined psychometric properties of standalone tasks for reflexive prosaccade latency, volitional saccade initiation, and saccade inhibition (antisaccade) in a heterogeneous sample of 65 PD patients. Demographics had minimal impact on task performance. Thirty-day test–retest reliability estimates for behavioral tasks were acceptable and similar to traditional eye tracking. Behavioral tasks demonstrated concurrent validity with traditional eye-tracking measures; discriminant validity was less clear. Saccade initiation and inhibition discriminated PD patients with cognitive impairment. The present findings support further development and use of the behavioral tasks for assessing latency and control of saccades in PD. 相似文献
220.
To date, few studies have examined the social and psychological effects of sexting behaviors. The current study examined how delinquency, social, and psychological factors were associated with sexting behavior in a sample of rural, high school students (n = 548). The results demonstrated that property delinquency, bully-victimization, alcohol, marijuana use, and bullying increased odds of sending and receiving nude photos. Gender specific models indicated that females who had participated in sexting behavior were more likely to report using alcohol and being a victim of bullying, while males were more likely to report using marijuana and being a perpetrator of bullying. Implications are discussed. 相似文献