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221.
Sexual compliance involves willing acquiescence to unwanted sex for the good of the relationship. Northeastern U.S. undergraduate women in exclusive relationships (N?=?193) anonymously reported on their sexual behaviors and motives, investment in ideal womanhood, and romantic well-being. About 37% (n?=?72) reported sexual compliance. As expected, sexually compliant women reported greater investment in ideal womanhood than non-compliant women, although unexpectedly, they reported less overall satisfaction and similar commitment. Women’s compliance was motivated more by pursuing relationship enhancement than by avoiding conflict. Regardless, only avoidance motives were associated (negatively) with relationship satisfaction. Compliant women who reported more frequent compliance motivated by conflict avoidance reported particularly low satisfaction. These findings challenge conceptualizations of women’s sexual compliance as beneficial. 相似文献
222.
Vanessa K. Lim Anna J. Wilson Jeff P. Hamm Nicola Phillips Sarina J. Iwabuchi Michael C. Corballis Ferdinando Arzarello Michael O.J. Thomas 《Brain and cognition》2009
Objective
To examine whether or not university mathematics students semantically process gestures depicting mathematical functions (mathematical gestures) similarly to the way they process action gestures and sentences. Semantic processing was indexed by the N400 effect.Results
The N400 effect elicited by words primed with mathematical gestures (e.g. “converging” and “decreasing”) was the same in amplitude, latency and topography as that elicited by words primed with action gestures (e.g. drive and lift), and that for terminal words of sentences.Significance and conclusion
Findings provide a within-subject demonstration that the topographies of the gesture N400 effect for both action and mathematical words are indistinguishable from that of the standard language N400 effect. This suggests that mathematical function words are processed by the general language semantic system and do not appear to involve areas involved in other mathematical concepts (e.g. numerosity). 相似文献223.
Elementary-school children (81 boys, 72 girls, aged 5–10 years) in the Southwest United States were taught to challenge peers’ sexist remarks to (a) improve school climate for gender nontraditional children, (b) decrease children’s gender-typed attitudes, and (c) test hypotheses linking gender identity and peer-directed gender role behaviors. Children either practiced using retorts to peers’ sexist remarks (practice condition) or heard stories about others’ retorts (narrative condition). At pretest, children rarely challenged peers’ sexist remarks. At posttest, children’s challenges were significantly more common in the practice than narrative condition. At the 6-month posttest, data showed intervention effects had become more widespread. Behavioral changes led to decreases in gender-typing of others among girls but not boys. 相似文献
224.
Griffith DM Mason M Yonas M Eng E Jeffries V Plihcik S Parks B 《American journal of community psychology》2007,39(3-4):381-392
Despite a strong commitment to promoting social change and liberation, there are few community psychology models for creating systems change to address oppression. Given how embedded racism is in institutions such as healthcare, a significant shift in the system's policies, practices, and procedures is required to address institutional racism and create organizational and institutional change. This paper describes a systemic intervention to address racial inequities in healthcare quality called dismantling racism. The dismantling racism approach assumes healthcare disparities are the result of the intersection of a complex system (healthcare) and a complex problem (racism). Thus, dismantling racism is a systemic and systematic intervention designed to illuminate where and how to intervene in a given healthcare system to address proximal and distal factors associated with healthcare disparities. This paper describes the theory behind dismantling racism, the elements of the intervention strategy, and the strengths and limitations of this systems change approach. 相似文献
225.
226.
Ferreira Vitor Hugo Bessa Barbarat Maxence Lormant Flore Germain Karine Brachet Mathilde Løvlie Hanne Calandreau Ludovic Guesdon Vanessa 《Animal cognition》2020,23(4):769-780
Animal Cognition - Animals can navigate an environment relying on different sources of information, such as geometrical or featural cues. The favoring of one type of information over another... 相似文献
227.
What reaction stops revenge taking? Four experiments (total N = 191) examined this question where the victim of an interpersonal transgression could observe the offender's reaction (anger, sadness, pain, or calm) to a retributive noise punishment. We compared the punishment intensity selected by the participant before and after seeing the offender's reaction. Seeing the opponent in pain reduced subsequent punishment most strongly, while displays of sadness and verbal indications of suffering had no appeasing effect. Expression of anger about a retributive punishment did not increase revenge seeking relative to a calm reaction, even when the anger response was disambiguated as being angry with the punisher. It is concluded that the expression of pain is the most effective emotional display for the reduction of retaliatory aggression. The findings are discussed in light of recent research on reactive aggression and retributive justice. 相似文献
228.
229.
Sarah A. Wylie Heather L. Corliss Vanessa Boulanger Lisa A. Prokop S. Bryn Austin 《Sex roles》2010,63(3-4):264-276
Discrimination and violence targeting people perceived as gender nonconforming have been linked to a range of negative health outcomes, and large-scale representative data are needed to begin population surveillance of associated health disparities. A brief self-report measure of gender expression as perceived by others was tested using cognitive interviewing methods in a diverse sample of 82 young adults aged 18–30 years, recruited from the New England region in the U.S. Results identified themes related to item clarity, gender expression variation, undesirability of highest or lowest ends of item range, and tension between self and others’ perceptions. The item performed as expected and is recommended for use on studies of health disparities, including statewide and national public health surveillance tools. 相似文献
230.
In two experiments, bilingual (Urdu and English) 5- and 6-year-old children outperformed their monolingual (English) peers when asked to detect grammatically incorrect sentences on a syntactic awareness test. This result occurred when children were tested in English (Experiment 1) and when they were tested in English or in Urdu (Experiment 2). Bilingual children aged 3 and 4 were better at detecting grammatically incorrect sentences than their monolingual peers, but only when tested in Urdu. However, no significant differences appeared in monolingual and bilingual children's ability to detect grammatically correct sentences, suggesting that both grammatically correct and incorrect sentences should be used to obtain an accurate measure of syntactic awareness. The issue of whether it is bilingualism or the properties of a language that affect syntactic awareness is considered. 相似文献