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501.
Michelle Gallagher Mitchell J. Prinstein Valerie Simon Anthony Spirito 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2014,42(6):871-883
Recent research has shown that social anxiety may be related to increased risk for suicidal ideation in teens, although this research largely has been cross-sectional and has not examined potential mediators of this relationship. A clinical sample of 144 early adolescents (72 % female; 12–15 years old) was assessed during psychiatric inpatient hospitalization and followed up at 9 and 18 months post-baseline. Symptoms of social anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, loneliness, and perceived social support were assessed via structured interviews and self-report instruments. Structural equation modeling revealed a significant direct relationship between social anxiety symptoms at baseline and suicidal ideation at 18 months post-baseline, even after controlling for baseline depressive symptoms and ideation. A second multiple mediation model revealed that baseline social anxiety had a significant indirect effect on suicidal ideation at 18 months post-baseline through loneliness at 9 months post-baseline. Social anxiety did not have a significant indirect effect on suicidal ideation through perceived social support from either parents or close friends. Findings suggest that loneliness may be particularly implicated in the relationship between social anxiety and suicidality in teens. Clinicians should assess and address feelings of loneliness when treating socially anxious adolescents. 相似文献
502.
The American Journal of Psychoanalysis - In May 2020, within the cultural and emotionally regressive chaos of the pandemic, the analyst witnessed a violent Black Lives Matter protest. Myriad... 相似文献
503.
Ellison Paula M. Goodall Stuart Kennedy Niamh Dawes Helen Clark Allan Pomeroy Valerie Duddy Martin Baker Mark R. Saxton John M. 《Neuropsychology review》2022,32(3):506-519
Neuropsychology Review - Fatigue is one of the most debilitating symptoms for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). By consolidating a diverse and conflicting evidence-base, this systematic review... 相似文献
504.
The renewed focus of attention on investigating spontaneous speech samples in speech and language research has increased the
need for recordings of speech in interactive settings. The DiapixUK task is a new and extended set of picture materials based
on the Diapix task by Van Engen et al. (Language and Speech, 53, 510–540, 2010), where two people are recorded while conversing to solve a ‘spot the difference’ task. The new task materials allow for multiple
recordings of the same speaker pairs due to a larger set of picture pairs that have a number of tested features: equal difficulty
across all 12 picture pairs, no learning effect of completing more than one picture task and balanced contributions from both
speakers. The new materials also provide extra flexibility, making them useful in a wide range of research projects; they
are multi-layered electronic images that can be adapted to suit different research needs. This article presents details of
the development of the DiapixUK materials, along with data taken from a large corpus of spontaneous speech that are used to
demonstrate its new features. Current and potential applications of the task are also discussed. 相似文献
505.
Gibb BE Johnson AL Benas JS Uhrlass DJ Knopik VS McGeary JE 《Cognition & emotion》2011,25(6):1104-1120
Theorists have proposed that negative experiences in childhood may contribute to the development of experience-specific information-processing biases, including attentional biases. There are also clear genetic influences on cognitive processes, with evidence that polymorphisms in specific candidate genes may moderate the impact of environmental stress on attentional biases (e.g., a functional polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene; 5-HTTLPR). In the current study, we tested a gene×environment (G×E) model of risk for attentional biases. We hypothesised that children whose mothers exhibit high levels of expressed emotion criticism (EE-Crit) would display attentional biases specifically for angry, but not happy or sad, faces, and that this link would be stronger among children carrying one or two copies of the 5-HTTLPR short allele than among those homozygous for the long allele. Results generally supported these hypotheses, though we found that carriers of the 5-HTTLPR short allele who also had a critical mother exhibited attentional avoidance of angry faces rather than preferential attention. 相似文献
506.
Long-term reliability of the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ) was investigated in two follow-up studies of participants with psychosis using a test-retest method. In the first study (N = 56), the duration of the follow-up ranged from 6 months to 2 years; Spearman rho was .62 for the abridged (18 items) Spanish version of the questionnaire. In Study 2 (N = 21), in participants with stable schizophrenia, the follow-up ranged from 8 to 11 years; test-retest Spearman rho was .83 for the French version of the questionnaire. Subjective experiences could constitute, in psychosis-prone people, traits or markers of psychotic vulnerability. 相似文献
507.
Burkhouse KL Gibb BE Coles ME Knopik VS McGeary JE 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(6):783-790
The goal of the current study was to examine environmental and genetic correlates of children’s levels of behavioral inhibition
(BI). Participants were 100 mother child pairs drawn from the community who were part of a larger study of the intergenerational
transmission of depression. Results indicated that higher levels of maternal overprotection, as reported by the child, were
associated with elevations in BI among children carrying two copies of the lower expressing 5-HTTLPR alleles (S or LG), but not among those carrying only one copy or those homozygous for the LA allele. In addition, this interaction was specific for the social component of BI, not the nonsocial component. This relation
was maintained even after statistically controlling for children’s and mother’s psychopathology. Together, these findings
add to emerging research demonstrating that G × E interactions predict variation in BI during childhood. 相似文献
508.
LaRue RH Stewart V Piazza CC Volkert VM Patel MR Zeleny J 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2011,44(4):719-735
Given the effectiveness of putative escape extinction as treatment for feeding problems, it is surprising that little is known about the effects of escape as reinforcement for appropriate eating during treatment. In the current investigation, we examined the effectiveness of escape as reinforcement for mouth clean (a product measure of swallowing), escape as reinforcement for mouth clean plus escape extinction (EE), and EE alone as treatment for the food refusal of 5 children. Results were similar to those of previous studies, in that reinforcement alone did not result in increases in mouth clean or decreases in inappropriate behavior (e.g., Piazza, Patel, Gulotta, Sevin, & Layer, 2003). Increases in mouth clean and decreases in inappropriate behavior occurred when the therapist implemented EE independent of the presence or absence of reinforcement. Results are discussed in terms of the role of negative reinforcement in the etiology and treatment of feeding problems. 相似文献
509.
Valerie L. Gaus 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2011,41(1):47-56
Asperger syndrome (AS) is a developmental disorder that was first recognized in the United States in 1994 with the publication
of DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 1994). As a relatively new concept to the United States, both within the professional community and public awareness, the diagnosis
has most often applied to children, but there is a large cohort of affected adults who have never been diagnosed or properly
treated. Many of these individuals are now seeking treatment for the symptoms of AS and/or comorbid mental health problems
(e.g., mood and anxiety disorders). Clinicians are in need of practical and evidence-based interventions to address the problems
presented by this growing patient population, but there are few such resources available. This article will present a framework
for conceptualizing the mental health needs of adults with AS, using the evidence-based approaches found in the cognitive-behavior
therapy (CBT) literature to inform treatment. 相似文献
510.