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911.
María Dimitropoulou Jon Andoni Du?abeitia Panagiotis Blitsas Manuel Carreiras 《Behavior research methods》2009,41(2):584-589
The appropriate selection of both pictorial and linguistic experimental stimuli requires a previous languagespecific standardization
process of the materials across different variables. Considering that such normative data have not yet been collected for
Modern Greek, in this study normative data for the color version of the Snodgrass and Vanderwart picture set (Rossion & Pourtois,
2004) were collected from 330 native Greek adults. Participants named the pictures (providing name agreement ratings) and
rated them for visual complexity and age of acquisition. The obtained measures represent a useful tool for further research
on Greek language processing and constitute the first picture normative study for this language. The picture norms from this
study and previous ones may be downloaded from brm.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental. 相似文献
912.
Alberto Maydeu-Olivares Uwe Kramp Carlos García-Forero David Gallardo-Pujol Donna Coffman 《Behavior research methods》2009,41(2):295-308
Despite a hundred years of questionnaire testing, no consensus has been reached on the optimal number of response alternatives
in rating scales. Differences in prior research may have been due to the use of various psychometric models (classical test
theory, item factor analysis, and item response theory) and different performance criteria (reliability, convergent/discriminant
validity, and internal structure of the questionnaire). Furthermore, previous empirical studies on this issue have tackled
the experimental design from a between-subjects perspective, thus ignoring intra-individual effects. In contrast with this
approach, we propose a within-subjects experimental design and a comprehensive statistical methodology using structural equation
models for studying all of these aspects simultaneously, therefore increasing statistical power. To illustrate the method,
two personality questionnaires were examined using a repeated measures design. Results indicated that as the number of response
alternatives increased, (1) internal consistency increased, (2) there was no effect on convergent validity, and (3) goodness
of fit worsened. Finally, the article assesses the practical consequences of this research for the design of future personality
questionnaires. 相似文献
913.
This article presents the Spanish adaptation of the Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW; Bradley & Lang, 1999). The norms are based on 720 participants' assessments of the translation into Spanish of the 1,034 words included in the ANEW. The evaluations were done in the dimensions of valence, arousal and dominance using the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM). Apart from these dimensions, five objective (number of letters, number of syllables, grammatical class, frequency and number of orthographic neighbors) and three subjective (familiarity, concreteness and imageability) psycholinguistic indexes are included. The Spanish adaptation of ANEW can be downloaded at www.psychonomic.org. 相似文献
914.
Margreet Reitsma‐van Rooijen Gün R. Semin Esther van Leeuwen 《European journal of social psychology》2007,37(5):817-823
It is well known that people describe positive behaviors of others close to them (e.g., in‐group member, friend) in abstract terms, but with concrete terms in the case of people who they are not close to (e.g., out‐group member, enemy). In contrast, negative behaviors of people who we are close to are described in concrete terms, but in abstract terms for people who are distant. However, the communicative impact of such subtle differences in language use on a receiver who is also the actor of the behavior being described has never been addressed. We hypothesized and found that a positive abstract message compared to a positive concrete message leads to perceived proximity to the sender, while a negative abstract message compared to a negative concrete message leads to perceived distance. The implications of this study, which is the first to show the communicative impact of biased language use, are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
915.
The present study examined the influence of perspective instructions on online processing of expository text during repeated reading. Sixty-two participants read either a high or a low prior knowledge (HPK vs. LPK) text twice from a given perspective while their eye movements were recorded. They switched perspective before a third reading. Reading perspective affected the first-pass reading and also increased sentence wrap-up processing time in the perspective-relevant sentences. Prior knowledge facilitated the recognition of the (ir)relevance of text information and resulted in relatively earlier perspective effects in the HPK versus LPK text. Repeated reading facilitated processing, as indicated by all eye movement measures. After the perspective switch, a repetition benefit was observed for the previously relevant text information, whereas a repetition cost was found for the previously irrelevant text information. These results indicate that reading perspective and prior knowledge have a significant influence on how readers allocate visual attention during reading. 相似文献
916.
Separate mechanisms recruited by exogenous and endogenous spatial cues: evidence from a spatial Stroop paradigm 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Funes MJ Lupiáñez J Milliken B 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2007,33(2):348-362
The present experiments tested whether endogenous and exogenous cues produce separate effects on target processing. In Experiment 1, participants discriminated whether an arrow presented left or right of fixation pointed to the left or right. For 1 group, the arrow was preceded by a peripheral noninformative cue. For the other group, the arrow was preceded by a central, symbolic, informative cue. The 2 types of cues modulated the spatial Stroop effect in opposite ways, with endogenous cues producing larger spatial Stroop effects for valid trials and exogenous cues producing smaller spatial Stroop effects for valid trials. In Experiments 2A and 2B, the influence of peripheral noninformative and peripheral informative cues on the spatial Stroop effect was directly compared. The spatial Stroop effect was smaller for valid than for invalid trials for both types of cues. These results point to a distinction between the influence of central and peripheral attentional cues on performance and are not consistent with a unitary view of endogenous and exogenous attention. 相似文献
917.
Adela Garzón Pérez 《Political psychology》2001,22(2):347-356
Around the 1960s, political psychology was developed as a field of knowledge that attempted to interrelate scientific psychology and political phenomena. However, social and academic conditions are very different today. More and more, political psychology is becoming a protagonist, as much in the internal context of psychology as in the external context of its relations with the social world. Thus, political psychology can now be seen as a resource relating psychological knowledge to social practice, and relating psychological processes to social action. Political psychology is the interface that puts psychology and society in contact. The development of political psychology in Spain provides an example of this alternative view of the field. 相似文献
918.
Gómez-Tatay Lucía Hernández-Andreu José Miguel Aznar Justo 《Science and engineering ethics》2019,25(1):97-111
Science and Engineering Ethics - Synthetic biology opens up the possibility of producing new entities not found in nature, whose classification as organisms or machines has been debated. In this... 相似文献
919.
920.
Social Psychology of Education - In Chile, as in other countries, there are large gender gaps in reading achievement. One factor that may explain some of these results is male and female... 相似文献