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401.
Because transgender individuals experience widespread employment discrimination, counselors need to understand and be able to work with members of the gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender communities. The aim of this article is to help counselors become more transgender literate by (a) defining gender dysphoric disorder and related terms; (b) discussing the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of gender dysphoria; (c) highlighting career realities faced by transgender employees; (d) touching upon legal issues pertaining to transgender workers; and (e) offering a few suggestions to counselors working with transgender clients. 相似文献
402.
Personal life investment (PLI) measures motivational energy invested in central life domains. We distinguished between obligatory
PLIs, that is, required investments, and optional PLIs, that is, investments that are possible but not necessary. Data from
the Berlin Aging Study (N = 516; 70–103 years) were employed to investigate the validity of this distinction. We further explored how both PLI types
relate to aging satisfaction and whether associations with validation variables and satisfaction differed depending on resource
limitations (poor health). As expected based on conceptual affinities between the distinctions of obligatory-optional PLI
and approach-avoidance tendencies, both PLI types showed positive relations with extraversion (a correlate of approach), but
only obligatory PLI was positively related to neuroticism (a correlate of avoidance). Optional PLI (not obligatory PLI) was
related to higher aging satisfaction, but only in fairly healthy people. This underscores differential functional relations
of optional PLI depending on resource availability.
相似文献
Ursula M. StaudingerEmail: |
403.
Rohmann A Piontkowski U van Randenborgh A 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2008,34(3):337-352
Recent research has shown that the perspectives of both minorities and majorities should be taken into account to reach a deeper understanding of the acculturation process and its consequences for intergroup relations. The authors report two experiments that investigated the impact of discordant acculturation attitudes on perceived threat. In Study 1 (N=183), Germans were asked for their attitudes toward Turks and Italians. Different levels of concordance of acculturation attitudes were induced by presenting participants with newspaper articles describing the acculturation attitude of the respective out-group and perceived threat was measured. In Study 2 (N=100), two fictitious immigrant groups were used as target groups. Results in both studies showed that discordance of acculturation attitudes leads to higher perceptions of intergroup threat than concordance of acculturation attitudes. Furthermore, both studies supported the assumption that a similar out-group is perceived as less threatening than a dissimilar out-group. 相似文献
404.
405.
The effect of visual search efficiency on response preparation: neurophysiological evidence for discrete flow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Most models assume that response time (RT) comprises the time required for successive processing stages, but they disagree about whether information is transmitted continuously or discretely between stages. We tested these alternative hypotheses by measuring when movement-related activity began in the frontal eye field (FEF) of macaque monkeys performing visual search. Previous work showed that RT was longer when visual neurons in FEF took longer to select the target, a finding consistent with prolonged perceptual processing during less efficient search. We now report that the buildup of saccadic movement-related activity in FEF is delayed in inefficient visual search. Variability in the delay of movement-related activity accounted for the difference in RT between search conditions and for the variability of RT within conditions. These findings provide neurophysiological support for the hypothesis that information is transmitted discretely between perceptual and response stages of processing during visual search. 相似文献
406.
The present research provides evidence that attribution theory can serve as an explanatory framework not only to explain achievers’
reactions to their achievement based on their self generated understandings of what brought these achievements about but also
when such information is provided by others. Thus, when we succeed at school, others may comment on the likely reasons for
this success. The present research addressed the question what it is that makes certain types of feedback on the reasons for
success at school hurtful. The results of two studies conducted in the context of a school setting demonstrated that the causal
structure implied by an explanation for success explains why some explanations are perceived as hurtful and elicit anger,
shame, and guilt rather than pleasure or pride. Interestingly, the perceived validity of the explanation is of relatively
less importance for the elicitation of hurt feelings and anger than the content of the explanation. Overall, these results
provide further evidence for the importance of attributional information for social emotions in educational settings.
相似文献
Shlomo HareliEmail: |
407.
Kirk R. Blankstein David M. Dunkley January Wilson 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2008,27(1):29-61
We examined the mediational role of self-esteem in the relation between evaluative concerns (EC) and personal standards (PS)
perfectionism, and measures of personal concerns, academic concerns, and estimated grade point average (EGPA) in 386 university
students. Self-esteem partially mediated the relation between EC perfectionism and students’ personal and academic concerns.
EC perfectionism was a weak predictor of EGPA. PS perfectionism was not related to academic concerns. Although PS was associated
with personal concerns both directly and indirectly through low levels of self-esteem in women only, these findings did not
hold when controlling for EC perfectionism. PS perfectionism had a direct positive relation with EGPA. Neither PS nor EC perfectionism
interacted with self-esteem to predict unique variance in personal or academic concerns or EGPA. The results are consistent
with our view that a perfectionism dimension that is primarily maladaptive can be distinguished from a dimension that can
be adaptive. The implications for research and treatment are considered.
相似文献
Kirk R. BlanksteinEmail: |
408.
The UK government announced the establishment of an NHS National Genetics Education and Development Centre in its Genetics
White Paper. The Centre aims to lead and coordinate developments to enhance genetics literacy of health professionals. The
nursing program takes a strategic approach based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior, using the UK nursing genetics competences
as the platform for development. The program team uses innovative approaches to raise awareness of the relevance of genetics,
working collaboratively with policy stakeholders, as key agents of change in promoting competence. Providing practical help
in preparing learning and teaching resources lends further encouragement. Evaluation of the program is dependent on gathering
baseline data, and the program has been informed by an education needs analysis. The challenges faced are substantial and
necessitate international collaboration where expertise and resources can be shared to produce a global system of influence
to facilitate the engagement of non-genetic nurses. 相似文献
409.
410.