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151.
Ursula Goodenough 《Zygon》2001,36(1):21-31
Transcendence is explored from two perspectives: the traditional concept wherein the origination of the sacred is "out there," and the alternate concept wherein the sacred originates "here." Each is evaluated from the perspectives of aesthetics and hierarchy. Both forms of transcendence are viewed as essential to the full religious life. 相似文献
152.
van der Schalk J Fischer A Doosje B Wigboldus D Hawk S Rotteveel M Hess U 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2011,11(2):286-298
In the present research, we test the assumption that emotional mimicry and contagion are moderated by group membership. We report two studies using facial electromyography (EMG; Study 1), Facial Action Coding System (FACS; Study 2), and self-reported emotions (Study 2) as dependent measures. As predicted, both studies show that ingroup anger and fear displays were mimicked to a greater extent than outgroup displays of these emotions. The self-report data in Study 2 further showed specific divergent reactions to outgroup anger and fear displays. Outgroup anger evoked fear, and outgroup fear evoked aversion. Interestingly, mimicry increased liking for ingroup models but not for outgroup models. The findings are discussed in terms of the social functions of emotions in group contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved). 相似文献
153.
Debarnot U Valenza G Champely S Scilingo EP De Rossi D Guillot A 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2011,11(1):22-31
Physical practice is known to enhance motor adaptation skills, which refer to the individual ability to compensate for environmental
changes. So far, it is still unknown whether a similar effect can be observed following motor imagery (MI). Thirty-nine participants
were tested during a joystick tracking task under both normal and mirror conditions (i.e., the inductive direction of the
joystick was reversed), before and after a physical practice or MI training phase. Eye movements and electromyographic activity
were recorded during MI. Motor performance was also evaluated after a 6 h interval during daytime. As compared to the control
group, the results revealed that both MI and physical practice improved motor performance in the mirror condition, during
the post-training test. Furthermore, the time to complete the task was further reduced after 6 hours, both in the normal and
mirror conditions. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of MI for learning mirror-reversed movements, and for the consolidation
process that follows motor adaptation. 相似文献
154.
The unique culture of the military family in the early part of the twenty-first century will be examined, including the high
operational tempo, frequent geographic moves, high rates of service among women, and the unique constellation of deployed
troops from Active Duty, National Guard and Reserve components. Challenges faced by these couples are described, followed
by key issues for clinicians to assess. Several developing couple-based interventions will be described, followed by a vignette
which will highlight the issues and opportunities for these couples. In addition to reviewing common difficulties among military
families, the authors will highlight strengths inherent to the military culture that clinicians can utilize in helping families
develop resiliency. 相似文献
155.
Models of dream analysis either assume a continuum of waking and dreaming or the existence of two dissociated realities. Both approaches rely on different methodology. Whereas continuity models are based on content analysis, discontinuity models use a structural approach. In our study, we applied both methods to test specific hypotheses about continuity or discontinuity. We contrasted dream reports of congenitally deaf-mute and congenitally paraplegic individuals with those of non-handicapped controls. Continuity theory would predict that either the deficit itself or compensatory experiences would surface in the dream narrative. We found that dream form and content of sensorially limited persons was indifferent from those of non-handicapped controls. Surprisingly, perceptual representations, even of modalities not experienced during waking, were quite common in the dream reports of our handicapped subjects. Results are discussed with respect to feedforward mechanisms and protoconsciousness theory of dreaming. 相似文献
156.
An adequately developed spatial representation of number magnitude is associated with children's general arithmetic achievement. Therefore, a new spatial-numerical training program for kindergarten children was developed in which presentation and response were associated with a congruent spatial numerical representation. In particular, children responded by a full-body spatial movement on a digital dance mat in a magnitude comparison task. This spatial-numerical training was more effective than a non-spatial control training in enhancing children's performance on a number line estimation task and a subtest of a standardized mathematical achievement battery (TEDI-MATH). A mediation analysis suggested that these improvements were driven by an improvement of children's mental number line representation and not only by unspecific factors such as attention or motivation. These results suggest a benefit of spatial numerical associations. Rather than being a merely associated covariate, they work as an independently manipulated variable which is functional for numerical development. 相似文献
157.
158.
Although some studies of clinical populations suggest an association of adult toy animal ownership with personality disorder, studies of nonclinical populations have been lacking. In a nonclinical young adult sample (N?=?148), we found no association of toy animal ownership with use of immature, mature, or neurotic defense mechanisms; avoidant or anxious attachment style; trait conscientiousness; heart rate variability (an index of self-regulatory strength); or social desirability responding. The results do not provide evidence for an association of adult nonclinical toy animal ownership with psychological or psychophysiological indices of immaturity, conscientiousness, insecure attachment, or lack of self-regulatory strength. 相似文献
159.
Shlomo Hareli Eizis Zohar Shlomo David Marie Lasalle Ursula Hess 《Motivation and emotion》2014,38(4):600-608
To assess the impact of context information on emotion perception, participants saw a picture of a male or female person with either a neutral, happy or sad facial expression and received information about the context in which the picture was taken. Their task was to rate the emotion actually expressed in the photo (i.e., focal emotions) as well as emotions not actually expressed (i.e., non-focal emotions) and inferences extracted from them. We predicted and found that context information affected both the perception of emotions and the inferences that the observers drew from them. Perceivers used context information in order to make sense of what was perceived to the extent that in the case of neutral expressions and for non-focal emotions, they “see” things that do not actually exist. 相似文献
160.