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211.
Pictures of facial expressions of emotion are used in a wide range of experiments. The last decade has seen an increase in the number of studies presenting local sets of emotion stimuli. However, only a few existing sets contain pictures of Latin Americans, despite the growing attention emotion research is receiving in this region. Here we present the development and validation of the Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Expresiones de Emociones Faciales (UNCEEF), a Facial Action Coding System (FACS)-verified set of pictures of Argentineans expressing the six basic emotions, plus neutral expressions. FACS scores, recognition rates, Hu scores, and discrimination indices are reported. Evidence of convergent validity was obtained using the Pictures of Facial Affect in an Argentine sample. However, recognition accuracy was greater for UNCEEF. The importance of local sets of emotion pictures is discussed. 相似文献
212.
Remus Ilies David Wagner Kelly Wilson Lucia Ceja Michael Johnson Scott DeRue Dan Ilgen 《Psychologie appliquee》2017,66(1):3-24
Recent conceptual work draws meaningful distinctions between experiential and declarative well‐being (Shmotkin, 2005 ), but little has been done to apply such distinctions in organisational psychology. We use this framework to integrate self‐determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985 ) and flow theory (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975 ), leading to hypotheses proposing that flow experiences at work (experiential well‐being) lead to declarative well‐being outcomes through their influence on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs for competence and autonomy. Findings from a two‐week experience sampling study of full‐time employees offer support for our hypotheses. This study also shows support for the moderating effect of individual differences in personality on the relationships among flow experiences, need fulfillment, and declarative well‐being. 相似文献
213.
The introduction and elimination rules for material implication in natural deduction are not complete with respect to the
implicational fragment of classical logic. A natural way to complete the system is through the addition of a new natural deduction
rule corresponding to Peirce’s formula (((A → B) → A) → A). E. Zimmermann [6] has shown how to extend Prawitz’ normalization
strategy to Peirce’s rule: applications of Peirce’s rule can be restricted to atomic conclusions. The aim of the present paper
is to extend Seldin’s normalization strategy to Peirce’s rule by showing that every derivation Π in the implicational fragment
can be transformed into a derivation Π′ such that no application of Peirce’s rule in Π′ occurs above applications of →-introduction
and →-elimination. As a corollary of Seldin’s normalization strategy we obtain a form of Glivenko’s theorem for the classical
{→}-fragment. 相似文献
214.
Information that initially is presumed to be correct, but that is later retracted or corrected, often continues to influence
memory and reasoning. This occurs even if the retraction itself is well remembered. The present study investigated whether
the continued influence of misinformation can be reduced by explicitly warning people at the outset that they may be misled.
A specific warning— giving detailed information about the continued influence effect (CIE)—succeeded in reducing the continued
reliance on outdated information but did not eliminate it. A more general warning—reminding people that facts are not always
properly checked before information is disseminated—was even less effective. In an additional experiment, a specific warning
was combined with the provision of a plausible alternative explanation for the retracted information. This combined manipulation
further reduced the CIE but still failed to eliminate it altogether. 相似文献
215.
The present paper reports a case study about public deliberations in three Israeli kibbutzim regarding a disputed school issue: whether to maintain a traditional in-kibbutz high school despite a heavy financial burden or to close it and send kibbutz youths to a public regional school The results served as a demonstration of a 'thinking group' (i.e. of how the collective aims of a group are achieved by the coordinated rhetorical behaviour of individuals according to the formal rules of the collective deliberations). First, video-recordings of six general assembly meetings in which the issue was discussed was analyzed as to their argumentative content. Second, the extracted arguments were presented to a sample of 342 kibbutz members to capture the distribution of opinions in the population. It is proposed that most kibbutz members were willing to preserve their collective living and saw the closure of their in-kibbutz school as a threat to their traditional collective identity. We observed a distinct form of public rhetoric during the deliberations in the general meetings which provides a podium for the disputed opinions, preserves the kibbutz shared identity representation and avoids social friction. 相似文献
216.
217.
Kuhl BA Kahn I Dudukovic NM Wagner AD 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2008,8(2):211-221
The ability to remember is often compromised by competition from irrelevant memories. However, acts of selective remembering
can alter the competitive relationship between memories; memories that are selected against are weakened, whereas those that
are retrieved are strengthened. Whereas the weakening of selectedagainst memories is typically evidenced by subsequently poorer
recall of these memories, the present study tested the hypothesis that when previously selected-against memories can subsequently
be successfully retrieved, such acts of successful retrieval are associated with engagement of neurobiological mechanisms
that serve to detect and overcome competition. Consistent with this hypothesis, fMRI revealed that anterior cingulate cortex
and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex are differentially engaged during successful retrieval of previously selected-against
memories, and that their engagement is directly related to the magnitude of weakening that is induced by prior acts of selecting
against these memories. 相似文献
218.
What Can Neuroimaging Tell Us About the Mind? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
219.
Eva Walther Herbert Bless Fritz Strack Patsy Rackstraw Doris Wagner Lioba Werth 《Applied cognitive psychology》2002,16(7):793-810
In two experimental studies we investigated how false memory reports provided by anonymous group members affect individuals' recognition. Participants were presented with a series of salient and non‐salient objects and recognition memory was subsequently assessed for presented and non‐presented stimuli. In this recognition test, participants were confronted with (in)correct responses from bogus group members. The findings indicate that the bogus answers influenced memory reports only in the absence of a clear recollection and if the stimulus was not judged to be particularly memorable. Moreover, we found no evidence that motivational influences affected participants' judgements. However, the influence of the bogus group decreased with the presence of dissenters who broke the unanimity of the group, and it increased with higher uncertainty. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
220.
Lisa Gilotty Lauren Kenworthy Lisa Sirian David O Black Ann E Wagner 《Child neuropsychology》2002,8(4):241-248
There is active debate regarding the nature of executive dysfunction in autism. Additionally, investigations have yet to show a relationship between deficits in executive function and the everyday behavioral difficulties that may originate from them. The present study examined the relationship between executive abilities and adaptive behavior in 35 children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, using two parent reports of everyday functioning, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). Results found several relationships: The Initiate and Working Memory domains were negatively correlated with most domains of adaptive behavior. Also, the Communication and Socialization domains of the VABS were negatively correlated with several areas of executive functioning, suggesting that impairments in executive abilities are strongly associated with the deficits in communication, play and social relationships found in children with autism. 相似文献