公民道德建设的法治保障

《新时代公民道德建设实施纲要》在第一部分"总体要求"中提出,坚持以社会主义核心价值观为引领,将国家、社会、个人层面的价值要求贯穿到道德建设各方面,以主流价值建构道德规范、强化道德认同、指引道德实践,引导人们明大德、守公德、严私德。在"总体要求"中还指出:坚持发挥社会主义法治的促进和保障作用,以法治承载道德理念、鲜明道德导向、弘扬美德义行,把社会主义道德要求体现到立法、执法、司法、守法之中,以法治的力量引导人们向上向善。     

《巴门尼德》与柏拉图式辩证术

《巴门尼德》的主题是形相论(理念论)与辩证术,柏拉图式辩证术问题与他应对智术师运动及其背后的前苏格拉底“存在之战”直接相关。本文考察柏拉图改造修辞术为辩证术的过程和哲学意义,以此定位形相与辩证术的位置。《巴门尼德》的形相论批判和辩证术展示指向共同的目的,即呈现逻辑推理与范畴描述对于人类认识存在的作用及限度,并由此凸显辩证术对于哲学探究新路彳圣的意义,这篇对话传达了柏拉图对人类认识与存在之问的深刻反思。     

The longitudinal relationship between angry rumination and reactive–proactive aggression and the moderation effect of consideration of future consequences-immediate

The idea that influential factors for two subtypes of aggression (reactive and proactive aggression) should be different is popular, but the common influential factors have not been examined. Such an examination could help understand the influential factors of aggression from the perspective of multiple motivations affecting the development of aggressive motivations over time. The present study argued that angry rumination would be a common influential factor for both reactive and proactive aggression. In addition, consideration of future consequences (CFC) may moderate the longitudinal effect of angry rumination on proactive aggression. Two studies were conducted to test these hypotheses. In Study 1, a cross-lagged analysis with a 6-month interval was employed. A total of 505 undergraduate students (46% males) completed the questionnaires twice. Results indicated that after a 6-month period, angry rumination predicted reactive aggression but not proactive aggression. Furthermore, reactive aggression predicted angry rumination over time. In Study 2, a moderation analysis was performed with another 437 participants (130 males). The results partly supported our hypotheses, indicating that CFC-immediate (CFC-I) moderated the longitudinal effect of angry rumination on proactive aggression. The present results extended prior research regarding the predictors of proactive and reactive aggression and may contribute to a greater understanding of the development of aggressive motivation. In addition, our research suggested that high CFC-I may be an important factor for the motivation change from reactive aggression to proactive aggression.     

学习困难儿童与非学习困难儿童问题行为、社会技能的对比研究

本研究采用早期问题行为发现量表、社会技能测量量表对 12 0名小学四、五年级学生进行测量 ,其中学习困难儿童和非学习困难儿童各 6 0名。结果发现 :1.学习困难儿童与非学习困难儿童相比存在明显的问题行为 ;2 .学习困难儿童相对于其非学习困难同伴社会技能低下 ;3.学习困难儿童问题行为与社会技能存在不同程度的负相关     

科学与历史之间的现代与后现代图景

在当今的现代与后现代之争中 ,焦点已不再如后现代运动于本世纪六、七十年代首先在诸如建筑学、电影、舞蹈和音乐等领域崭露头角时那样 ,仅仅是美学趣味和艺术风格问题。这种争论关涉到道德思考和哲学思辨 ,但又不局限于此。如今 ,战场已转移到现代文化最后的 ,也是最具代表性的堡垒 ,即科学。自从在广岛和长崎投放原子弹起 ,科学的运用就成为一般公众和科学家自身道德审查的对象。而从 5 0年代后期以来 ,对于科学的批评 ,已从对其使用或滥用的批评 ,拓展到对于其基本原则的批评 ,这种批评在美国由Ｔ .库恩、Ｈ .普特南和Ｒ .罗蒂所代表 ,在…     

测验行业的法制化趋势

文章介绍了国外多种测验的重要行为规范和法则,特别是1999年由美国心理学会、美国教育研究协会和全国教育测量理事会联合修订并出版的《教育与心理测验之标准》。另外,文章通过对“律考数额录取”和“学位考试题库”这两个具体事例的分析,说明了中国测验行业不规范的现状及其可能的原因。文章还借鉴了国外测验组织管理机构的相关经验,进一步呼吁了制定行业规范的迫切性和建立测验管理机构的必要性。     

Use of a raster framebuffer in vision research

For the study of human and animal vision, the video framebuffer is the only technology that is capable of displaying two-dimensional images with precise control of contrast, luminance, and display timing. The video framebuffer also allows precise control of color. However, this device is not designed for precise psychophysical displays, and techniques must be developed to use them in this role. In this paper, we describe a number of basic methods used in our lab. In order to be concrete, we use an Adage RDS-3000 raster display system (Adage, 1982) as an example, since that is the device we have actually used. The Adage is hosted by a PDP-11/73 under the Venix operating system. The principles generalize to other machines. Where it clarifies the issues, we have shown the syntax of the software routines involved.     

汉字识别中的笔画数效应新探——兼论字频效应

本研究采用命名作业测查二至十五画常用字和不常用字的反应时(RT),结果发现(1)命名RT是笔画数的函数,但在几个小笔画范围内,RT基本无变化;(2)命名作业中有字频效应。本文使用整字加工与字形结构加工的并行假说,对笔画数效应和字频效应的机制进行了初步探讨。     

规则多边图形的离散度、图基边数及显示条件的交互作用研究

用实验方法研究规则多边图形的离散度、图形基边数、显示条件及三因素的交互作用对图形信号认知绩效的影响。实验的自变量有：（１）图形的离散度参数;（２）图形的基边数;（３）图形的显示条件。因变量是各图形信号的平均反应时。实验的刺激材料是２５个不同离散度、不同基边数的规则多边图形。刺激材料的呈现与被试的反应记录都由计算机控制。结果表明：（１）离散度对图形信号认知绩效的影响十分显著,离散度适中及偏小的图形信号认知绩效较高;（２）图形基边数对认知绩效的影响十分显著,认知绩效反比于图形的基边数;（３）显示条件对认知绩效的影响不显著;（４）离散度与基边数的交互作用影响显著,离散度偏大的０．６,０．７图形与离散度偏小及适中的０．３,０．４,０．５图形的认知绩效在基边数大于８后出现明显的分离趋势。     

类别(Category)判断的模糊集模型和多级估量法

本文提出了类别判断的模糊集模型。它的基本含义是: 1.在心理连续量上,类别的划分是模糊的。 2.在每一个类别上,都有不同的符合程度。它的数学形式是:■ 其次,在该模型的基础上,产生了一种新的类别量表——“多级估量法”。同时,给出了两种变式和一种“多次切割排序法。” 最后,多级估量法测量喜爱度的结果表明,提供的信息要比传统的类别量表提供的更多,对心理状态和心理过程的描述更完整更细致。