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611.
Tracy L. Tylka 《Body image》2013,10(3):415-418
Considered a measure of positive body image, the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS; Avalos et al., 2005) assesses acceptance of, favorable opinions toward, and respect for the body. Although the BAS was originally developed for and psychometrically examined with women, researchers are administering it to men and making gender comparisons. However, tests of measurement equivalence/invariance are needed to determine whether the BAS operates similarly for women and men. Therefore, in the present study, the BAS's cross-gender configural, factor loading, and intercept invariance was examined among 930 college women and men. The BAS demonstrated measurement equivalence/invariance between women and men, suggesting that gender comparisons can be made with confidence. Additional evidence was accrued for the convergent validity of the male version of the BAS, as it was related to men's dissatisfaction with muscularity, body fat, and height. These findings reinforce the structural and construct integrity of the BAS. 相似文献
612.
Ateka A. Contractor Anne N. Banducci Megan Dolan Fallon Keegan Nicole H. Weiss 《Memory (Hove, England)》2013,21(8):1130-1143
ABSTRACTPositive memory encoding and retrieval deficits have an empirical relation with several post-trauma outcomes. Drawing from the Contractor et al. model, we examined relations between positive memory characteristics and post-trauma mental health indicators. A trauma-exposed community sample of 203 participants (Mage?=?35.40 years; 61.10% female) was recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants completed measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; PTSD Checklist for DSM-5), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), posttraumatic cognitions (Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory), affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), count/number of recalled specific positive memories (Autobiographical Memory Test) and accessibility of a specific positive memory (i.e., subjective ease of recalling details of a memory; Memory Experiences Questionnaire-Short Form). Linear regression results indicated that PTSD intrusion severity, PTSD negative alterations in cognitions and mood (NACM) severity, PTSD alterations in arousal and reactivity (AAR) severity, self-blame, and positive affect significantly and negatively predicted the count of specific positive memories. Further, PTSD NACM severity, PTSD AAR severity, negative cognitions about the self, and negative affect significantly and negatively predicted accessibility of a specific positive memory. Thus, count/accessibility of specific positive memories was associated with several post-trauma mental health indicators; this highlights the relevance and potential impact of integrating positive memories into trauma treatment. 相似文献
613.
People tend to hold an optimistic view of their futures. Using a novel paradigm to examine the anticipated change from the personal past to the personal future, we found that the future was not always perceived as brighter than the past. College students (N = 156) recalled positive and negative personal events of various situations. Following each recall, they imagined a future personal event involving the same situation. Participants expected over half of the events to change in either upward or downward directions, depending on the valence of the past events. In addition, participants anticipated greater changes in domains of less stability, and Asians anticipated greater changes than European Americans. Anticipated future changes were further associated with psychological well-being. The findings shed new light on future event simulation. 相似文献
614.
Previous research has shown the importance of quality of life (QOL) for critical organizational outcomes such as the retention of U.S. Navy personnel (Wilcove, Schwerin, &; Wolosin, 2003) and Marines (Hindelang, Schwerin, &; Farmer, 2004). These studies employed a life domains approach addressing a full range of work and non-work life needs as well as specific aspects of each life domain. In contrast, most other research exploring outcomes critical to military organizations focused only on work life needs of personnel (e.g., job satisfaction, organizational commitment, command climate). This study extends previous research by (a) including both performance and career-continuance plans of personnel as outcomes of interest, (b) exploring the contribution of an additional life need—spiritual well-being—to the measurement of QOL, and (c) examining changes in perceptions of QOL over time between 1999 and 2002 among U.S. Navy personnel. Implications of findings to military personnel, families, and manpower and personnel policy as well as future directions for research are discussed. 相似文献
615.
The authors investigated the effects of locus of control expectancies and task difficulty on procrastination. Forty-two college students were administered an academic locus of control scale and a task that was similar to a typical college homework assignment. The students were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 task difficulty levels. Although none of the results involving task difficulty was significant, several results involving locus of control were significant. Specifically, analyses revealed that students with internal locus of control expectancies tended to begin working on the assignment sooner than students with external locus of control expectancies. In addition, students with internal locus of control completed and returned the assignment sooner than students with external locus of control. The results are discussed within the context of J. B. Rotter's (1966, 1975, 1982) social learning theory. 相似文献
616.
Amber M. Henslee Scott F. Coffey Julie A. Schumacher Melissa Tracy Fran H. Norris Sandro Galea 《The Journal of psychology》2015,149(6):630-642
Positive and negative religious coping are related to positive and negative psychological adjustment, respectively. The current study examined the relation between religious coping and PTSD, major depression, quality of life, and substance use among residents residing in Mississippi at the time of Hurricane Katrina. Results indicated that negative religious coping was positively associated with major depression and poorer quality of life and positive religious coping was negatively associated with PTSD, depression, poorer quality of life, and increased alcohol use. These results suggest that mental health providers should be mindful of the role of religious coping after traumatic events such as natural disasters. 相似文献
617.
618.
The objective of this study is to investigate the role of self-perception of reading skill as a critical cue for metacomprehension assessment. To achieve our objective, we inspected how self-perception of reading skill explains judgements of reading comprehension and their absolute accuracy. The study results supported our hypotheses: (1) self-perception of reading skill was predictive of metacomprehension predictions even when actual reading skill was controlled for; (2) the extent to which self-perception of reading skill deviated from actual reading skill accounted for the degree to which absolute accuracy of predictions was limited; and (3) more-skilled readers were less likely to overestimate their general reading skill and their reading performance in specific texts than less-skilled readers. However, (4) self-perception of reading skill was more highly related to postdictions than predictions of test performance, which was counter to expectations. We conclude that self-perception of reading skill influences metacomprehension assessments and their absolute accuracy. 相似文献
619.
620.
Tara Flanagan Tracy 《Dialog》2014,53(3):259-267
In Richard Kearney's text Anatheism, he claims that one can respond to the call of the stranger in two ways, with hospitality or with hostility. However, because the stranger possibly bears the presence of the divine, he urges one to risk responding to the stranger's call with hospitality rather than hostility, opening oneself up to encountering the sacred in the form of the stranger. In the present analysis, I claim that hospitality toward the stranger is modeled in the hospice philosophy of care for dying patients. I note the distinctions between the biomedical model of health care and the biopsychosoical model of care, and draw on Kearney's framework and Dorothee Soelle's text Suffering to suggest that, with regard to how to interpret pain, the act of hosting can be an option more viable than that of demonstrating hospitality. 相似文献