西藏本教是藏传佛教最典型的代表——关于岷江上游本波教与钵第教的讨论

本文在历代藏学家就本波教与钵第教比较研究的基础上,通过对岷江上游本波教与钵第教宗教实体构成要素间的比较,以及对岷江上游本波教与钵第教信众的教派认同程度的分析,认为本波教与钵第教既有区别又有联系,共同构成了略别于汉传佛教的藏传佛教。从本波教的本土文化成分和对古印度佛教的藏族化程度来看,本波教是藏传佛教最典型的代表。     

数量信息不能引发符号的空间表征

该研究为了考察数量信息能否独立引发符号的空间表征,采用若干面积不等的圆和点数不同的点阵作为实验刺激,让被试用左右手按键,判断圆面积的大小,以及点阵点数的多少。结果发现,无论在面积大小判断任务中,还是在点数数量判断任务中,都没有产生SNARC效应。这说明,单纯的数量信息,并不能引发符号进行空间表征。这一结果也在一定程度上支持了Gevers等人的假设:数字的空间表征,是由数字的顺序性信息决定的,而并非是由其数量信息决定的。     

Thick slice and thin slice teaching evaluations

Student-based teaching evaluations are an integral component to institutions of higher education. Previous work on student-based teaching evaluations suggest that evaluations of instructors based upon “thin slice” 30-s video clips of them in the classroom correlate strongly with their end of the term “thick slice” student evaluations. This study’s results support previous findings, but also find that thick slice student evaluations are better than thin slice evaluations. The findings are interpreted to suggest that thick slice evaluations capture course content variables not reflected in thin slice evaluations.     

The attention-getting capacity of whines and child-directed speech

The current study tested the ability of whines and child-directed speech to attract the attention of listeners involved in a story repetition task. Twenty non-parents and 17 parents were presented with two dull stories, each playing to a separate ear, and asked to repeat one of the stories verbatim. The story that participants were instructed to ignore was interrupted occasionally with the reader whining and using child-directed speech. While repeating the passage, participants were monitored for Galvanic skin response, heart rate, and blood pressure. Based on 4 measures, participants tuned in more to whining, and to a lesser extent child-directed speech, than neutral speech segments that served as a control. Participants, regardless of gender or parental status, made more mistakes when presented with the whine or child-directed speech, they recalled hearing those vocalizations, they recognized more words from the whining segment than the neutral control segment, and they exhibited higher Galvanic skin response during the presence of whines and child- directed speech than neutral speech segments. Whines and child-directed speech appear to be integral members of a suite of vocalizations designed to get the attention of attachment partners by playing to an auditory sensitivity among humans. Whines in particular may serve the function of eliciting care at a time when caregivers switch from primarily mothers to greater care from other caregivers.     

青少年反思自我评价的记忆效应

采用R/K判断任务,探讨来自母亲、好朋友、不熟悉同学反思自我评价的记忆效应.结果发现:33名12～14岁青少年在总再认率和"记得"指标上,母亲加工条件和好朋友加工条件差异不显著,两者显著高于不熟悉同学加工条件(实验一);32名15～17岁青少年,在总再认率上,母亲加工条件和好朋友加工条件差异不显著,两者显著高于不熟悉同学加工条件,但在"记得"指标上,好朋友、母亲、不熟悉同学加工条件呈显著递减趋势(实验二).两项实验表明来自亲疏关系不同他人反思自我评价存在记忆优势效应;青少年处于不同发展阶段,不同他人反思自我评价的记忆优势效应也存在差异.     

高校青年教师成就动机研究

本研究采用(Rpbert.Helmreich & Janet Spence,1983)成就动机测验对哈尔滨市的264名高校青年教师进行问卷调查发现:高校青年教师的成就动机受到青年教师的已有成就水平、年龄、性别、职称、学历等因素的影响.     

Women, piety and practice: A study of women and religious practice in Malaysia

While the definition of religion in sociology has been highly contentious, we define religion in this article as simply the acts of piety that are conducted within the religious sphere. The point of this definition is to draw attention to practice and away from belief. This approach to religion appears to be especially useful in the case of contemporary Islam, where female piety has become a significant aspect of religious renewal. The idea of a religious sphere is taken from the work of Luc Boltanski and his colleagues who have coined the expression ‘the inspirational city’. Religion thus consists of acts of piety within the inspirational city, where this space is seen to be in tension with the secular city. The measurement of piety in everyday life sharply differentiates the profane world from religion. These ideas are explored in this article through qualitative data that are drawn from a small sample of pious women in contemporary Malaysia. We explore three aspects of female piety: veiling, polygamy and child-rearing. The article attempts to understand the terms in which piety is measured within the broader context of the Islamization of public life in Malaysia.     

敦睦他者:城市新移民的社会融合之路——对上海市Y社区的个案考察

本文是一项对城市新移民社会融合问题的探索性研究.作者在上海市Y社区的个案调查发现,新移民与城市社区的"二元关系"正在发生变化,即从相互隔离、排斥和对立转向一种理性、兼容、合作的"新二元关系",本文用中国传统文化的概念称之为"敦睦他者".在此基础上,作者提出新移民与城市社会融合经历三个阶段的构想,这三个阶段分别是"二元社区"、"敦睦他者"和"同质认同"."敦睦他者"是新移民与城市社会融合的关键阶段,在此期间需要政府、社区和新移民共同做出努力.     

关于高校的实验与实践教学：基于教育心理学理论的思考

对于高校教育,运算学习方法多指实验、实践和学生科研活动,学生通过从事的实验、实践和科研活动来实现陈述性知识向程序性知识的转化,学习评价应着重考核学生对知识的理解和运用所学知识去解决问题的能力。本文阐述了突出实验／实践训练的高校教学设计的设想,并强调了应将各种教学实验类型有机地组合,给予学生先进、实用的实验技术的训练,以及在实验／实践教学中运用交互式的教学方法。