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961.
Matt Motyl Joshua Hart Tom Pyszczynski 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2010,46(1):200-203
Terror management theory (TMT) suggests that people are motivated to elevate themselves above other animals as a way of denying their creatureliness and mortality. Based on this reasoning, the present study assessed whether infrahumanizing violence by emphasizing its similarities to animal aggression would lead to reduced support for war, especially when mortality is salient. This hypothesis was supported among participants high in right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), who are especially prone to infrahumanize outgroup members and are generally more supportive of military action against outgroups. RWA was associated with greater support for war against Iran, except when primed with thoughts of death and violence as an infrahuman behavior. These data suggest that by portraying violence as something instinctual and creaturely, it may be possible to reduce inter-group hostility and aggression among individuals who tend to be more dispositionally aggressive, particularly in the context of the death awareness that often exacerbates inter-group conflict. 相似文献
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Walker Adrian R. Luque David Le Pelley Mike E. Beesley Tom 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2019,26(6):1911-1916
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - The exploitation-exploration (EE) trade-off describes how, when making a decision, an organism must often choose between a safe alternative with a known pay-off,... 相似文献
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Tom Kraft 《Behaviour research and therapy》1970,8(4):393-394
and
(1968) described the successful treatment of a three-year-old child with chronic constipation by a simple rearrangement of social contingencies. It was felt therefore that it might be worthwhile briefly reporting a case of compulsive shoplifting, where treatment was effected by an alteration in social contingencies. 相似文献
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969.
If white hemicircles rotate over the edges of a black diamond, there occurs an ambiguity of rigidity and motion. As the hemicircles obscure the vertices of the diamond, the figure transforms from a diamond to a rotating, nonrigid cross made of a tar-like fluid. When the corners reappear, the stimulus again becomes a rigid, solid diamond. Visibility of the vertices implies rigidity. If white squares are rotated, fluidity is not perceived. If the diamond has sawtooth edges and the hemicircles are rotated, no fluidity is perceived. Similarly, if illusory contours suggest the amodal completion of the vertices, rigidity is maintained. 相似文献
970.
Barry Fowler Tom Duck Merv Mosher B. Mathieson 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1991,43(2):205-221
It is known that when simultaneous bimanual aiming movements are made to targets with different IDs (Index of Difficulty), Fitts' Law is violated. There is massive slowing of the easy target hand, but a debate has arisen over the degree of synchronization between the hands and whether this effect represents a coordinative structure or interference due to neural cross-talk. This issue was investigated in an experiment with 12 subjects who moved styli forward in the sagittal plane to pairs of targets that differed in difficulty (0.77/3.73 ID and 0.77/5.17 ID). Reaction time, movement time, and kinematic measures of resultant velocity and acceleration were analysed. The results showed clear-cut timing differences between the hands that depended on both the ID difference between target pairs and elapsed time of the movement. The violation of Fitts' Law was confined to the easy target hand. Pronounced individual differences in both timing differences and left-right asymmetry were also noted. Neither the coordinative structure nor the neural cross-talk models can fully account for these data, and it is possible that the initial constraints on movement are moderated by visually driven corrective movements. 相似文献